{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:28:09Z","timestamp":1790663289238,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,28]],"date-time":"2014-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["629002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["629002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immunol Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mucosal\u2010associated invariant T (MAIT) cells home to mucosal sites and exert antimicrobial activity against bacteria and other microorganisms. HIV infection leads to early depletion of gut T cells and translocation of bacterial products. There are reports that MAIT cells, defined by coexpression of V\u03b17.2 and CD161, are depleted during HIV infection and residual MAIT cells are functionally impaired. However, one study suggested that MAIT cells might remain after HIV infection but evade detection through CD161 downregulation. Thus, the impact of HIV infection on MAIT cells is unclear. We studied longitudinal blood samples from 31 HIV\u2010infected subjects for MAIT cell numbers, phenotype and function using both standard V\u03b17.2\/CD161 surface markers and an MR1 tetramer. We found that MAIT cells were depleted early during HIV infection, and although there was a concomitant rise in V\u03b17.2\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD161\n                    <jats:sup>\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells, these were MR1 tetramer negative, indicating that these are unlikely to be altered MAIT cells. Antigen\u2010mediated activation of residual MAIT cells showed that they remained functional out to 2 years following HIV infection. Although MAIT cells are depleted in HIV infection, residual and functionally active MAIT cells persist and may still be able to assist in controlling bacterial translocation during HIV infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2014.91","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,28]],"date-time":"2014-10-28T06:44:43Z","timestamp":1414478683000},"page":"177-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["MAIT cells are depleted early but retain functional cytokine expression in HIV infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Caroline S","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thakshila","family":"Amarasena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony D","family":"Kelleher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Rossjohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park Cardiff UK"},{"name":"Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"McCluskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale I","family":"Godfrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J","family":"Kent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of 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