{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T14:45:21Z","timestamp":1696257921236},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]],"date-time":"2016-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Otago Medical Research Foundation Jack Thomson Bequest"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immunol Cell Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by patchy inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is primarily characterized by inflammation of the lower vertebral column, and many patients with AS present with inflammatory gut symptoms. Genome\u2010wide association studies have highlighted significant overlap in short nucleotide polymorphisms for both diseases. We hypothesized that patients with CD and AS have a common intestinal immune signature, characterized by inflammatory T cells, compared with healthy people. We designed a pilot study to determine both the feasibility of defining complex immune signatures from primary tissue, and differences in the local immune signature of people with inflammatory diseases compared with healthy people. Intestinal biopsies were obtained by colonoscopy from healthy patients, non\u2010inflamed regions of CD patients and AS patients with inflammatory gut symptoms. A flow cytometry platform was developed measuring polyfunctional T\u2010cell populations based on cytokines, surface molecules and transcription factors. There was overlap in the immune signature of people with CD or AS, characterized by changes in the frequency of regulatory T cells, compared with healthy people. There were significant differences in frequencies of other polyfunctional T\u2010cell populations\u2014CD patients had an increased frequency of T cells producing interleukin\u201022 (IL\u201022) and interferon\u2010\u03b3, whereas AS patients had an increased frequency of T cells producing IL\u20102; compared with healthy people. These data indicate that the local immune signature could be described in these patients and that distinct immune mechanisms may underlie disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2015.112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T09:20:49Z","timestamp":1449652849000},"page":"421-429","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Distinct immune signatures in the colon of Crohn's disease and ankylosing spondylitis patients in the absence of inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Elliott T J","family":"Dunn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward S","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Stebbings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A Grant","family":"Butt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roslyn A","family":"Kemp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.3780060103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1001195"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11582"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2013.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"823","article-title":"Type 1\u2009T\u2010helper cell predominance and interleukin\u201012 expression in the gut of patients with Crohn's disease","volume":"150","author":"Parronchi P","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.3.1261"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.1.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2013.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"534","article-title":"IL\u201022 ameliorates intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis","volume":"118","author":"Sugimoto K","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.2000.0744"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1996.39750.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-014-0489-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2817"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1899"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2274"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1592"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00228-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i1.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27855"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1132"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i12.3255"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","first-page":"2266","article-title":"The evolution of spondyloarthropathies in relation to gut histology. 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