{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:23:48Z","timestamp":1790983428991,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]],"date-time":"2009-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1236211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Among prokaryotes, the large vacuolated marine sulphur bacteria are unique in their ability to store, transport and metabolize significant quantities of sulphur, nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon compounds. In this study, unresolved questions of metabolism, storage management and behaviour were addressed in laboratory experiments with Thioploca species collected on the continental shelf off Chile. The Thioploca cells had an aerobic metabolism with a potential oxygen uptake rate of 1760 \u03bcmol O2 per dm3 biovolume per h, equivalent to 4.4 nmol O2 per min per mg protein. When high ambient sulphide concentrations (\u223c200 \u03bcm) were present, a sulphide uptake of 6220\u00b12230 \u03bcmol H2S per dm3 per h, (mean\u00b1s.e.m., n=4) was measured. This sulphide uptake rate was six times higher than the oxidation rate of elemental sulphur by oxygen or nitrate, thus indicating a rapid sulphur accumulation by Thioploca. Thioploca reduce nitrate to ammonium and we found that dinitrogen was not produced, neither through denitrification nor through anammox activity. Unexpectedly, polyphosphate storage was not detectable by microautoradiography in physiological assays or by staining and microscopy. Carbon dioxide fixation increased when nitrate and nitrite were externally available and when organic carbon was added to incubations. Sulphide addition did not increase carbon dioxide fixation, indicating that Thioploca use excess of sulphide to rapidly accumulate sulphur rather than to accelerate growth. This is interpreted as an adaptation to infrequent high sulphate reduction rates in the seabed. The physiology and behaviour of Thioploca are summarized and the adaptations to an environment, dominated by infrequent oxygen availability and periods of high sulphide abundance, are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2009.17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]],"date-time":"2009-03-05T11:41:12Z","timestamp":1236253272000},"page":"647-657","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Physiology and behaviour of marine <i>Thioploca<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Signe","family":"H\u00f8gslund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus , Aarhus , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels Peter","family":"Revsbech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus , Aarhus , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Gijs","family":"Kuenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology , Delft , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo Barker","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology , Bremen , Germany"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Geomicrobiologi, University of Aarhus , Aarhus , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor Ariel","family":"Gallardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oceanography, University of Concepci\u00f3n , Concepci\u00f3n , Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Vossenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology\/IWWR, Radboud University Nijmegen , Nijmegen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeppe Lund","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Holmkvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology , Bremen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther T","family":"Arning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MARUM\u2014Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen , Bremen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Peter","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus , Aarhus , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1139\/w05-154","article-title":"Cultivated Beggiatoa spp. define the phylogenetic root of morphologically diverse, noncultured, vacuolate sulfur bacteria","volume":"52","author":"Ahmad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4005(01)00924-8","article-title":"An oxygen insensitive microsensor for nitrous oxide","volume":"81","author":"Andersen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sens Actuators B Chem"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/01490450801934854","article-title":"Lipid biomarker patterns of phosphogenic sediments from upwelling regions","volume":"25","author":"Arning","year":"2008","journal-title":"Geomicrobiol J"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1130\/0-8137-2379-5.35","volume-title":"Sulfur Biogeochemistry\u2014Past and Present","author":"Bernhard","year":"2004"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1969.14.3.0454","article-title":"Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen sulfide in natural waters","volume":"14","author":"Cline","year":"1969","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR6","volume-title":"The mathematics of diffusion","author":"Crank","year":"1983"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.2006.51.3.1315","article-title":"In situ fluxes and zonation of microbial activity in surface sediments of the Hakon Mosby Mud Volcano","volume":"51","author":"de Beer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-7037(97)00158-0","article-title":"Sulfate reduction and methanogenesis in a Thioploca-dominated sediment off the coast of Chile","volume":"61","author":"Ferdelman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/374713a0","article-title":"Concentration and transport of nitrate by the mat-forming sulfur bacterium Thioploca","volume":"374","author":"Fossing","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR10","first-page":"3","article-title":"Notas sobre la densidad de la fauna bent\u00f3nica en el sublittoral del norte de Chile","volume":"10","author":"Gallardo","year":"1963","journal-title":"Gayana (Zool)"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/268331a0","article-title":"Large benthic microbial communities in sulphide biota under Peru-Chile Subsurface Cuntercurrent","volume":"268","author":"Gallardo","year":"1977","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR12","first-page":"23","article-title":"On the discovery of a large microbial community living in the soft bottoms of the continental shelf off Chile and Peru","volume":"1","author":"Gallardo","year":"1977","journal-title":"Anales Inst Invest Marinas Pta Bet\u00edn Colombia Supl"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR13","first-page":"97","article-title":"New communities of large filamentous sulfur bacteria in the eastern South Pacific","volume":"10","author":"Gallardo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR14","first-page":"1H","volume-title":"Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology","author":"Gallardo","year":"2007"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9783527613984","volume-title":"Methods of Seawater Analysis","author":"Grasshoff","year":"1999"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511754852.004","volume-title":"Micro-Organisms and Earth Systems","author":"Gray","year":"2005"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(88)90183-4","article-title":"The Pk1-star for the dissociation of H2S in various ionic media","volume":"52","author":"Hershey","year":"1988","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.2.646-655.2005","article-title":"Isotope labeling and microautoradiography of active heterotrophic bacteria on the basis of assimilation of 14CO2","volume":"71","author":"Hessels\u00f8","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2008.02.015","article-title":"Denitrification, nitrate turnover and aerobe respiration by benthic foraminifera in the oxygen minimum zone off Chile","volume":"359","author":"H\u00f8gslund","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Mar Bio Ecol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.6.1863-1872.1996","article-title":"Vertical migration in the sediment-dwelling sulfur bacteria Thioploca spp in overcoming diffusion limitations","volume":"62","author":"Huettel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1130\/0-8137-2379-5.63","volume-title":"Sulfur Biogeochemistry\u2014Past and Present","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2004"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.45.4.1261-1270.1983","article-title":"Colorless sulfur bacteria, Beggiatoa spp and Thiovulum spp in O2 and H2S microgradients","volume":"45","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR23"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7487","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.12.7487-7496.2004","article-title":"Novel, attached, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria at shallow hydrothermal vents possess vacuoles not involved in respiratory nitrate accumulation","volume":"70","author":"Kalanetra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.3354\/ame015201","article-title":"A H2S microsensor for profiling biofilms and sediments: application in an acidic lake sediment","volume":"15","author":"Kuhl","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aquat Microb Ecol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR26","first-page":"414","article-title":"Thioploca araucae sp. nov. and Thioploca chileae sp. nov","volume":"34","author":"Maier","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int J Syst Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00402003","article-title":"Nutritional characteristics of two marine Thioplocas determined by autoradiography","volume":"139","author":"Maier","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.3.954-958.1996","article-title":"High nitrate concentrations in vacuolate, autotrophic marine Beggiatoa spp","volume":"62","author":"McHatton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.50.2.373-382.1985","article-title":"Oxygen responses and mat formation by Beggiatoa spp","volume":"50","author":"M\u00f8ller","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2670(00)88444-5","article-title":"A modified single solution method for determination of phosphate in natural waters","volume":"26","author":"Murphy","year":"1962","journal-title":"Anal Chem Acta"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050230","article-title":"Insights into the genome of large sulfur bacteria revealed by analysis of single filaments","volume":"5","author":"Mussmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-2920.2003.00440.x","article-title":"Phylogeny and distribution of nitrate-storing Beggiatoa spp. in coastal marine sediments","volume":"5","author":"Mussmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.52.2.225-233.1986","article-title":"Growth-pattern and yield of a chemoautotrophic Beggiatoa sp in oxygen-sulfide microgradients","volume":"52","author":"Nelson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.52.1.161-168.1986","article-title":"Microoxic-anoxic niche of Beggiatoa spp-Microelectrode survey of marine and fresh-water strains","volume":"52","author":"Nelson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(05)97014-6","article-title":"Advances in microscopy: microautoradiography of single cells","volume":"397","author":"Nielsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3148","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.7.3148-3157.1999","article-title":"Nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur metabolism in natural Thioploca samples","volume":"65","author":"Otte","year":"1999","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1080\/01913120701719189","article-title":"Common tasks in microscopic and ultrastructural image analysis using ImageJ","volume":"31","author":"Papadopulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ultrastruct Pathol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2007.50","article-title":"Biological and chemical sulfide oxidation in a Beggiatoa inhabited marine sediment","volume":"1","author":"Preisler","year":"2007","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2005.11.044","article-title":"Nitrogen cycling in the sediments of Santa Barbara basin and Eastern Subtropical North Pacific: nitrogen isotopes, diagenesis and possible chemosymbiosis between two lithotrophs (Thioploca and Anammox)-\u201criding on a glider\u201d","volume":"242","author":"Prokopenko","year":"2006","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1989.34.2.0474","article-title":"An oxygen microsensor with a guard cathode","volume":"34","author":"Revsbech","year":"1989","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-0611-6_7","article-title":"Microelectrodes\u2014their use in microbial ecology","volume":"9","author":"Revsbech","year":"1986","journal-title":"Adv Microb Ecol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3481","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.8.3481-3487.2001","article-title":"Presence of nitrate-accumulating sulfur bacteria and their influence on nitrogen cycling in a shallow coastal marine sediment","volume":"67","author":"Sayama","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7575","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.7575-7577.2005","article-title":"Impact of bacterial NO3\u2212 transport on sediment biogeochemistry","volume":"71","author":"Sayama","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR44","first-page":"295","article-title":"Oxygen-minimum zone sediments in the northeastern Arabian Sea off Pakistan: a habitat for the bacterium Thioploca","volume":"220","author":"Schmaljohann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5413.493","article-title":"Dense populations of a gigant sulfur bacterium in Namibian shelf sediments","volume":"284","author":"Schulz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5746","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.11.5746-5749.2002","article-title":"Uptake rates of oxygen and sulfide measured with individual Thiomargarita namibiensis cells by using microelectrodes","volume":"68","author":"Schulz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.55.1.105","article-title":"Big bacteria","volume":"55","author":"Schulz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.62.6.1855-1862.1996","article-title":"Community structure of filamentous, sheath-building sulfur bacteria, Thioploca spp, off the coast of Chile","volume":"62","author":"Schulz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1103096","article-title":"Large sulfur bacteria and the formation of phosphorite","volume":"307","author":"Schulz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3354\/meps200117","article-title":"Population study of the filamentous sulfur bacteria Thioploca spp. off the Bay of Concepcion, Chile","volume":"200","author":"Schulz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1978.03615995004200040015x","article-title":"Acetylene inhibition method for short-term measurement of soil denitrification and its evaluation using N-13","volume":"42","author":"Smith","year":"1978","journal-title":"Soil Sci Soc Am J"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR52","volume-title":"Biological Membranes, Theory of Transport, Potentials and Electrical impulsesa","author":"Sten-Knudsen","year":"2002"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02508-06","article-title":"Growth yields in bacterial denitrification and nitrate ammonification","volume":"73","author":"Strohm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/344762a0","article-title":"Denitrification by sulfur oxidizing Beggiatoa Spp. mats on fresh-water sediments","volume":"344","author":"Sweerts","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(11)80412-1","article-title":"Phylogeny of Thioploca and related filamentous sulfide-oxidizing bacteria","volume":"18","author":"Teske","year":"1996","journal-title":"Syst Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1996.41.8.1629","article-title":"Pathways of carbon oxidation in continental margin sediments off central Chile","volume":"41","author":"Thamdrup","year":"1996","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"2024020117225879000_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5530","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.12.5530-5537.2001","article-title":"Ecology of Thioploca spp.: nitrate and sulfur storage in relation to chemical microgradients and influence of Thioploca spp. on the sedimentary nitrogen cycle","volume":"67","author":"Zopfi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"}],"container-title":["The ISME Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ismej200917.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ismej200917","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ismej\/article-pdf\/3\/6\/647\/56443832\/41396_2009_article_bfismej200917.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ismej200917.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ismej\/article-pdf\/3\/6\/647\/56443832\/41396_2009_article_bfismej200917.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T17:24:01Z","timestamp":1706808241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ismej\/article\/3\/6\/647\/7588314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ismej.2009.17","relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-7362","1751-7370"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-7362","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-7370","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]]}}}