{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T00:28:06Z","timestamp":1791073686133,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,11]],"date-time":"2011-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1313020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, is a mammalian vector-borne disease, transmitted by fleas that serve as the vector between rodent hosts. For many pathogens, including Y. pestis, there are strong evolutionary pressures that lead to a reduction in \u2018useless genes\u2019, with only those retained that reflect function in the specific environment inhabited by the pathogen. Genetic traits critical for survival and transmission between two environments, the rodent and the flea, are conserved in epizootic\/epidemic plague strains. However, there are genes that remain conserved for which no function in the flea\u2013rodent cycle has yet been observed, indicating an additional environment may exist in the transmission cycle of plague. Here, we present evidence for highly conserved genes that suggests a role in the persistence of Y. pestis after death of its host. Furthermore, maintenance of these genes points to Y. pestis traversing a post-mortem path between, and possibly within, epizootic periods and offering insight into mechanisms that may allow Y. pestis an alternative route of transmission in the natural environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2011.105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,11]],"date-time":"2011-08-11T10:48:36Z","timestamp":1313059716000},"page":"231-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["An additional step in the transmission of <i>Yersinia pestis<\/i>?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"W Ryan","family":"Easterday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo , Blindern, Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyrre L","family":"Kausrud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo , Blindern, Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bastiaan","family":"Star","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo , Blindern, Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lise","family":"Heier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo , Blindern, Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradd J","family":"Haley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Ageyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kazakh Scientific Centre for Quarantine and Zoonotic Diseases , Republic of Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita R","family":"Colwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland , College Park, MD , USA"},{"name":"Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland , College Park, MD , USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils Chr","family":"Stenseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo , Blindern, Oslo , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020118221132100_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17837","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408026101","article-title":"Microevolution and history of the plague bacillus, Yersinia pestis","volume":"101","author":"Achtman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2024020118221132100_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14043","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14043","article-title":"Yersinia pestis, the cause of plague, is a recently emerged clone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis","volume":"96","author":"Achtman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2024020118221132100_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3247","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.029124-0","article-title":"Deletion of Braun lipoprotein gene (lpp) and curing of plasmid pPCP1 dramatically alter the virulence of Yersinia pestis CO92 in a mouse model of pneumonic plague","volume":"155","author":"Agar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"2024020118221132100_CR4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Factors of Yersinia pestis providing circulation and persistence of plague pathogen in ecosystems of natural foci. 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