{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T07:11:34Z","timestamp":1777792294652,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1981,3,1]],"date-time":"1981-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":352252800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,3]]},"abstract":"\n The direct vasomotor effects of a number of agents used in the therapy of cerebral circulatory and metabolic disease were studied in isolated segments of cat pial vessels in vitro. Studies were repeated eight times generally, thus permitting the calculation of the mean maximum response\u2014termed E\n Am<\/jats:sub>\n (in dynes)\u2014and of the molar agonist concentration required to effect the half-maximal response, termed EC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n . The results obtained with various agonists were compared to a well-documented vasodilator, acetylcholine ( E\n Am<\/jats:sub>\n = \u2212780 dyn; EC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n = 0,029 \u03bcm) and a known vasoconstrictor, 5-hydroxytryptamine ( E\n Am<\/jats:sub>\n = + 1630 dyn; EC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n = 0.036 \u03bcm). Papaverine and its derivatives effected a relaxation of the pial arteries with the following order of potency: YC-93 > papaverine > naftidrofuryl > viquidil. The EC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n for papaverine was 1,5 \u03bcm. Methyl xanthine derivatives (aminophylline, pentoxifylline, and theophylline) were essentially inactive, In contrast, drugs that are known to be capable of decreasing the volume of an experimental infarction, many of which are described as \u03b1-adrenolytic agents, contracted the isolated cerebrovascular smooth muscle, Their order of efficacy, based on the mean E\n Am<\/jats:sub>\n values, was ifenprodil > vincamine > nicergoline > dihydroergotoxine > raubasine, In addition, it was considered worthwhile to determine whether the ifenprodil-induced vasoconstriction occurred when human, rather than cat, pial vessels were studied, Ifenprodil and vincamine contracted the human vessels in a biphasic manner; the EC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n was calculated to be 2,0 and 30 \u03bcm. Based on the above observations, the following comments would appear justified, Firstly, an increase in cerebral blood flow does not necessarily mean a compound is a direct vasodilator. Secondly, the vasoconstrictory actions of some agents correlate well with their anti-ischaemic properties (e.g., ifenprodil, vincamine, and nicergoline), Lastly, one action of effective anti-ischaemic agents might be to reduce flow, by vasoconstriction, in hyperaemic tissue: the inverse \u201csteal\u201d effect.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,7]],"date-time":"2011-04-07T11:50:49Z","timestamp":1302177049000},"page":"117-128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Direct Vascular Effects of Agents Used in the Pharmacotherapy of Cerebrovascular Disease on Isolated Cerebral Vessels"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Alan R.","family":"Young","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Laboratoires d'Etudes et de Recherches Synth\u00e9labo, Bagneux, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Bouloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Laboratoires d'Etudes et de Recherches Synth\u00e9labo, Bagneux, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Boussard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Laboratoires d'Etudes et de Recherches Synth\u00e9labo, Bagneux, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Edvinsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric T.","family":"MacKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Laboratoires d'Etudes et de Recherches Synth\u00e9labo, Bagneux, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1981,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-jcbfm.1981.12","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Circulation C\u00e9r\u00e9brale","author":"Barry D.I.","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr2-jcbfm.1981.12","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Etats D\u00e9ficitaires C\u00e9r\u00e9braux Li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'Age","author":"Bartholini G.","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr3-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.10.6.647"},{"key":"bibr4-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197903293001305"},{"key":"bibr5-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000114931"},{"key":"bibr6-jcbfm.1981.12","first-page":"511","volume":"6189","author":"Editorial","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"bibr7-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06714-6","volume":"28","author":"Edvinsson L.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"bibr8-jcbfm.1981.12","first-page":"235","volume":"208","author":"Edvinsson L.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Int Pharmacodyn"},{"key":"bibr9-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.42.1.143"},{"key":"bibr10-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1107756"},{"key":"bibr11-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000115017"},{"key":"bibr12-jcbfm.1981.12","first-page":"1278","volume":"27","author":"Herrschaft H.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arzneim Forsch"},{"key":"bibr13-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.41.10.900"},{"key":"bibr14-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-6080(78)80023-3"},{"key":"bibr15-jcbfm.1981.12","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Aging, Vol 2: Genesis and Treatment of Psychologic Disorders in the Elderly","author":"Sathananthan G.L.","year":"1975"},{"key":"bibr16-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.10.2.126"},{"key":"bibr17-jcbfm.1981.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1979.01780020110012"},{"key":"bibr18-jcbfm.1981.12","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Circulation C\u00e9r\u00e9brale","author":"Young A.R.","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.12","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:06:45Z","timestamp":1777493205000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1981,3]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1981,3]]}}}