{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T04:41:11Z","timestamp":1792730471001,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]],"date-time":"2010-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is known to protect against cerebral ischemia. The effects of VPA on blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) disruption were investigated in rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Postischemic VPA treatment remarkably attenuated MCAO-induced BBB disruption and brain edema. Meanwhile, VPA significantly reduced MCAO-induced elevation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), degradation of tight junction proteins, and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB). Sodium butyrate, another HDAC inhibitor, mimicked these effects of VPA. Our findings suggest that BBB protection by VPA involves HDAC inhibition-mediated suppression of NF-\u03baB activation, MMP-9 induction, and tight junction degradation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]],"date-time":"2010-10-27T04:07:30Z","timestamp":1288152450000},"page":"52-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":210,"title":["Valproic Acid Attenuates Blood\u2013Brain Barrier Disruption in a Rat Model of Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia: The Roles of HDAC and MMP-9 Inhibition"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Zhifei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Kai","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"Departments of Neurology and Stroke Center, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Leeds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De-Maw","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07724.2001"},{"key":"bibr2-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.570515"},{"key":"bibr3-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1498"},{"key":"bibr4-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2009.06.002"},{"key":"bibr5-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20169"},{"key":"bibr6-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2009.07.019"},{"key":"bibr7-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)01843-0"},{"key":"bibr8-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199906000-00005"},{"key":"bibr9-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.120188"},{"key":"bibr10-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.554824"},{"key":"bibr11-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.500868"},{"key":"bibr12-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2007.12.001"},{"key":"bibr13-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10409230290771546"},{"key":"bibr14-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600375"},{"key":"bibr15-jcbfm.2010.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.574418"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.195","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.195","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.195","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:12:03Z","timestamp":1777493523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.195"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.195"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.195","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,27]]}}}