{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:06:25Z","timestamp":1791421585319,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":315,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,1]],"date-time":"2009-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4819,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["li.uscap.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Laboratory Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,21]],"date-time":"2009-09-21T12:10:16Z","timestamp":1253535016000},"page":"1195-1220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":282,"title":["Intracellular versus extracellular granzyme B in immunity and disease: challenging the dogma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Wendy Anne","family":"Boivin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawn Michelle","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Ryan","family":"Hiebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David James","family":"Granville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"Part 24","key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5011","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.03239","article-title":"Granzymes at a glance","volume":"119","author":"Bots","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(88)81323-1","article-title":"Isolation of two cDNA sequences which encode cytotoxic cell proteases","volume":"234","author":"Bleackley","year":"1988","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1038\/322268a0","article-title":"The inducible cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated gene transcript CTLA-1 sequence and gene localization to mouse chromosome 14","volume":"322","author":"Brunet","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04401.x","article-title":"Granules of cytolytic T-lymphocytes contain two serine esterases","volume":"5","author":"Masson","year":"1986","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1038\/314743a0","article-title":"A novel serine esterase expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"314","author":"Pasternack","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(89)90093-1","article-title":"Genomic organization and chromosomal assignment for a serine protease gene (CSPB) expressed by human cytotoxic lymphocytes","volume":"5","author":"Klein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)52407-8","article-title":"Human cytotoxic lymphocyte granzyme B. Its purification from granules and the characterization of substrate and inhibitor specificity","volume":"266","author":"Poe","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.340040306","article-title":"Comparative molecular model building of two serine proteinases from cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"4","author":"Murphy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proteins"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/78992","article-title":"The structure of the pro-apoptotic protease granzyme B reveals the molecular determinants of its specificity","volume":"7","author":"Waugh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Struct Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MP.0000067424.12280.BC","article-title":"Granzyme B in atherosclerosis and transplant vascular disease: association with cell death and atherosclerotic disease severity","volume":"16","author":"Choy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13525","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M512694200","article-title":"Human keratinocytes acquire cellular cytotoxicity under UV-B irradiation. Implication of granzyme B and perforin","volume":"281","author":"Hernandez-Pigeon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/7.12.1133","article-title":"Perforin-independent expression of granzyme B and proteinase inhibitor 9 in human testis and placenta suggests a role for granzyme B-mediated proteolysis in reproduction","volume":"7","author":"Hirst","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib13","first-page":"1799","article-title":"Expression of granzyme B in human articular chondrocytes","volume":"30","author":"Horiuchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199812)41:12<2108::AID-ART5>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Functional subsets of CD4 T cells in rheumatoid synovitis","volume":"41","author":"Namekawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3295","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-02-0638","article-title":"Subtractive hybridization reveals the expression of immunoglobulin-like transcript 7, Eph-B1, granzyme B, and 3 novel transcripts in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells","volume":"100","author":"Rissoan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0740com","article-title":"Novel genes modulated by FSH in normal and immortalized FSH-responsive cells: new insights into the mechanism of FSH action","volume":"17","author":"Sasson","year":"2003","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-03-010348","article-title":"Granzyme B, a novel mediator of allergic inflammation: its induction and release in blood basophils and human asthma","volume":"108","author":"Tschopp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200602-169OC","article-title":"Increased granzyme A expression in type II pneumocytes of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"175","author":"Vernooy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-03-0859","article-title":"Differential expression of granzymes A and B in human cytotoxic lymphocyte subsets and T regulatory cells","volume":"104","author":"Grossman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-04-1069","article-title":"Granzyme B and perforin: constitutive expression in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils","volume":"103","author":"Wagner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090404","article-title":"Death by a thousand cuts: granzyme pathways of programmed cell death","volume":"26","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16485","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.28.16485","article-title":"In vivo regulation of murine granzyme B gene transcription in activated primary T cells","volume":"271","author":"Babichuk","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5583","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/19.20.5583","article-title":"Transcription of two cytotoxic cell protease genes is under the control of different regulatory elements","volume":"19","author":"Fregeau","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35326","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.52.35326","article-title":"Down-regulation of human granzyme B expression by glucocorticoids. Dexamethasone inhibits binding to the Ikaros and AP-1 regulatory elements of the granzyme B promoter","volume":"273","author":"Wargnier","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230307","article-title":"A promoter element of the human serine esterase granzyme B gene controls specific transcription in activated T cells","volume":"23","author":"Haddad","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18564","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.30.18564","article-title":"Mutational analysis of the murine granzyme B gene promoter in primary T cells and a T cell clone","volume":"272","author":"Babichuk","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.04.010","article-title":"Acquisition of murine NK cell cytotoxicity requires the translation of a pre-existing pool of granzyme B and perforin mRNAs","volume":"26","author":"Fehniger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2007.03.024","article-title":"Human mast cells produce and release the cytotoxic lymphocyte associated protease granzyme B upon activation","volume":"44","author":"Strik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.120.4.885","article-title":"Granzymes A and B are targeted to the lytic granules of lymphocytes by the mannose-6-phosphate receptor","volume":"120","author":"Griffiths","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6387","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.18.11.6387","article-title":"Selective regulation of apoptosis: the cytotoxic lymphocyte serpin proteinase inhibitor 9 protects against granzyme B-mediated apoptosis without perturbing the Fas cell death pathway","volume":"18","author":"Bird","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27802","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.44.27802","article-title":"A cytosolic granzyme B inhibitor related to the viral apoptotic regulator cytokine response modifier A is present in cytotoxic lymphocytes","volume":"271","author":"Sun","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6453","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.10.6453","article-title":"Antiviral cytokines induce hepatic expression of the granzyme B inhibitors, proteinase inhibitor 9 and serine proteinase inhibitor 6","volume":"172","author":"Barrie","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.2001.1806","article-title":"The granzyme B inhibitor, PI-9, is present in endothelial and mesothelial cells, suggesting that it protects bystander cells during immune responses","volume":"210","author":"Buzza","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5867","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.8.5867","article-title":"Proteinase inhibitor 9, an inhibitor of granzyme B-mediated apoptosis, is a primary estrogen-inducible gene in human liver cells","volume":"275","author":"Kanamori","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.9.1535","article-title":"The serpin proteinase inhibitor 9 is an endogenous inhibitor of interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme (caspase-1) activity in human vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"191","author":"Young","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3218","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.5.3218","article-title":"The granzyme B inhibitor, protease inhibitor 9, is mainly expressed by dendritic cells and at immune-privileged sites","volume":"166","author":"Bladergroen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2005.01417.x","article-title":"Serpins prevent granzyme-induced death in a species-specific manner","volume":"84","author":"Bots","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5051","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.8.5051","article-title":"Identification of a novel human granzyme B inhibitor secreted by cultured sertoli cells","volume":"177","author":"Sipione","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54275","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M411482200","article-title":"Granzyme M is a regulatory protease that inactivates proteinase inhibitor 9, an endogenous inhibitor of granzyme B","volume":"279","author":"Mahrus","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601650","article-title":"Granzyme H destroys the function of critical adenoviral proteins required for viral DNA replication and granzyme B inhibition","volume":"26","author":"Andrade","year":"2007","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5309.111","article-title":"The receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL","volume":"276","author":"Pan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5327.818","article-title":"Control of TRAIL-induced apoptosis by a family of signaling and decoy receptors","volume":"277","author":"Sheridan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70091-X","article-title":"CD95 (APO-1\/Fas)-mediated apoptosis in colon epithelial cells: a possible role in ulcerative colitis","volume":"113","author":"Strater","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5386","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.17.5386","article-title":"TRAIL-R2: a novel apoptosis-mediating receptor for TRAIL","volume":"16","author":"Walczak","year":"1997","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4547(20000815)61:4<464::AID-JNR14>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis in glioma cell lines by TRAIL\/Apo-2l","volume":"61","author":"Wu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402244","article-title":"Mechanisms of granule-dependent killing","volume":"15","author":"Cullen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.100201.131730","article-title":"Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity","volume":"20","author":"Russell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9281","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.16.9281","article-title":"Expression of human recombinant granzyme A zymogen and its activation by the cysteine proteinase cathepsin C","volume":"271","author":"Kummer","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6299","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.12.6299","article-title":"Expression of recombinant human granzyme B. A processing and activation role for dipeptidyl peptidase I","volume":"154","author":"Smyth","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4733","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.11.4733","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase I is enriched in granules of in vitro- and in vivo-activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"150","author":"Brown","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5345","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.9.5345","article-title":"Apoptosis induced by granzyme B-glycosaminoglycan complexes: implications for granule-mediated apoptosis in vivo","volume":"162","author":"Galvin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33411","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M501708200","article-title":"Serglycin-deficient cytotoxic T lymphocytes display defective secretory granule maturation and granzyme B storage","volume":"280","author":"Grujic","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00286-8","article-title":"Cytotoxic cell granule-mediated apoptosis: perforin delivers granzyme B-serglycin complexes into target cells without plasma membrane pore formation","volume":"16","author":"Metkar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3610","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3610","article-title":"Extracellular granzymes A and B in humans: detection of native species during CTL responses in vitroin vivo","volume":"160","author":"Spaeny-Dekking","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011836","article-title":"Surface cathepsin B protects cytotoxic lymphocytes from self-destruction after degranulation","volume":"196","author":"Balaji","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.375","article-title":"The immunological synapse","volume":"19","author":"Bromley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.f.215","article-title":"Shouts, whispers and the kiss of death: directional secretion in T cells","volume":"9","author":"Huse","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.95.1.137","article-title":"Spatial relationships of microtubule-organizing centers and the contact area of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells","volume":"95","author":"Geiger","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7224","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.23.7224","article-title":"Polarization of the Golgi apparatus and the microtubule-organizing center within cloned natural killer cells bound to their targets","volume":"80","author":"Kupfer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(01)00234-5","article-title":"The immunological synapse of CTL contains a secretory domain and membrane bridges","volume":"15","author":"Stinchcombe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(91)90363-D","article-title":"Functional size of complement and perforin pores compared by confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence microphotolysis","volume":"1063","author":"Sauer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.137.6.1950","article-title":"Inhibition of the lytic activity of perforin by lipoproteins","volume":"137","author":"Tschopp","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29073","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.46.29073","article-title":"New paradigm for lymphocyte granule-mediated cytotoxicity. Target cells bind and internalize granzyme B, but an endosomolytic agent is necessary for cytosolic delivery and subsequent apoptosis","volume":"271","author":"Froelich","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00140-9","article-title":"Mannose 6-phosphate\/insulin-like growth factor II receptor is a death receptor for granzyme B during cytotoxic T cell-induced apoptosis","volume":"103","author":"Motyka","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.3.1044","article-title":"Entry and trafficking of granzyme B in target cells during granzyme B-perforin-mediated apoptosis","volume":"92","author":"Pinkoski","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.5.855","article-title":"Granzyme B (GraB) autonomously crosses the cell membrane and perforin initiates apoptosis and GraB nuclear localization","volume":"185","author":"Shi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e05-07-0631","article-title":"Granule-mediated killing by granzyme B and perforin requires a mannose 6-phosphate receptor and is augmented by cell surface heparan sulfate","volume":"17","author":"Veugelers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20752","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M501181200","article-title":"A novel mechanism for protein delivery: granzyme B undergoes electrostatic exchange from serglycin to target cells","volume":"280","author":"Raja","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5456","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.9.5456","article-title":"Granzyme B binds to target cells mostly by charge and must be added at the same time as perforin to trigger apoptosis","volume":"174","author":"Shi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3845","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-06-2156","article-title":"The granzyme B\u2013serglycin complex from cytotoxic granules requires dynamin for endocytosis","volume":"103","author":"Veugelers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200210150","article-title":"A clathrin\/dynamin- and mannose-6-phosphate receptor-independent pathway for granzyme B-induced cell death","volume":"160","author":"Trapani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.08.001","article-title":"Perforin triggers a plasma membrane-repair response that facilitates CTL induction of apoptosis","volume":"23","author":"Keefe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2007.04.011","article-title":"Delivering the kiss of death: progress on understanding how perforin works","volume":"19","author":"Pipkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20200","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313108200","article-title":"Granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity does not involve the mannose 6-phosphate receptors on target cells","volume":"279","author":"Dressel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/369031a0","article-title":"Cytotoxicity mediated by T cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perforin-deficient mice","volume":"369","author":"Kagi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10854","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.23.10854","article-title":"Immune function in mice lacking the perforin gene","volume":"91","author":"Walsh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.2.515","article-title":"Cutting edge: granzymes A and B are not essential for perforin-mediated tumor rejection","volume":"171","author":"Smyth","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.5.755","article-title":"Perforin-mediated cytotoxicity is critical for surveillance of spontaneous lymphoma","volume":"192","author":"Smyth","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8588(05)70520-7","article-title":"Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis","volume":"12","author":"Henter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1983","article-title":"Perforin-mediated target-cell death and immune homeostasis","volume":"6","author":"Voskoboinik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2005.01409.x","article-title":"Addressing the mysteries of perforin function","volume":"84","author":"Voskoboinik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7854","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.17.7854-7867.2005","article-title":"Cationic sites on granzyme B contribute to cytotoxicity by promoting its uptake into target cells","volume":"25","author":"Bird","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1379\/1466-1268(2003)008<0348:HSPRIA>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Heat shock protein 70-reactivity is associated with increased cell surface density of CD94\/CD56 on primary natural killer cells","volume":"8","author":"Gross","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41173","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M302644200","article-title":"Cell surface-bound heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) mediates perforin-independent apoptosis by specific binding and uptake of granzyme B","volume":"278","author":"Gross","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/377446a0","article-title":"Activation of the apoptotic protease CPP32 by cytotoxic T-cell-derived granzyme B","volume":"377","author":"Darmon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1038\/35037710","article-title":"The biochemistry of apoptosis","volume":"407","author":"Hengartner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4663","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M410915200","article-title":"Molecular ordering of the caspase activation cascade initiated by the cytotoxic T lymphocyte\/natural killer (CTL\/NK) protease granzyme B","volume":"280","author":"Adrain","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3492","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830271250","article-title":"Cleavage of FLICE (caspase-8) by granzyme B during cytotoxic T lymphocyte-induced apoptosis","volume":"27","author":"Medema","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.8.1323","article-title":"Granule-mediated killing: pathways for granzyme B-initiated apoptosis","volume":"186","author":"Talanian","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.10.1391","article-title":"Granzyme B-mediated cytochrome c release is regulated by the Bcl-2 family members bid and Bax","volume":"192","author":"Heibein","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12060","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M009038200","article-title":"Granzyme B-mediated apoptosis proceeds predominantly through a Bcl-2-inhibitable mitochondrial pathway","volume":"276","author":"Pinkoski","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.10.1403","article-title":"Initiation of apoptosis by granzyme B requires direct cleavage of bid, but not direct granzyme B-mediated caspase activation","volume":"192","author":"Sutton","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31199","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C000405200","article-title":"Cytochrome c promotes caspase-9 activation by inducing nucleotide binding to Apaf-1","volume":"275","author":"Jiang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80434-1","article-title":"Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1\/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22020","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313234200","article-title":"Degradation of Mcl-1 by granzyme B: implications for Bim-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic events","volume":"279","author":"Han","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8118","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M509361200","article-title":"The cytotoxic lymphocyte protease, granzyme B, targets the cytoskeleton and perturbs microtubule polymerization dynamics","volume":"281","author":"Adrain","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80550-6","article-title":"Granzyme B directly and efficiently cleaves several downstream caspase substrates: implications for CTL-induced apoptosis","volume":"8","author":"Andrade","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.1565","article-title":"Granzyme B\/perforin-mediated apoptosis of Jurkat cells results in cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase to the 89-kDa apoptotic fragment and less abundant 64-kDa fragment","volume":"227","author":"Froelich","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"issue":"Part 5","key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02791","article-title":"Identification of {alpha}-tubulin as a granzyme B substrate during CTL-mediated apoptosis","volume":"119","author":"Goping","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031877","article-title":"Direct cleavage of ROCK II by granzyme B induces target cell membrane blebbing in a caspase-independent manner","volume":"201","author":"Sebbagh","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3101","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.12.3101","article-title":"Direct cleavage of the human DNA fragmentation factor-45 by granzyme B induces caspase-activated DNase release and DNA fragmentation","volume":"20","author":"Sharif-Askari","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80213-7","article-title":"DFF45\/ICAD can be directly processed by granzyme B during the induction of apoptosis","volume":"12","author":"Thomas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3683","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M005390200","article-title":"Induction of rapid histone degradation by the cytotoxic T lymphocyte protease granzyme A","volume":"276","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5746","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.101329598","article-title":"Granzymes A and B directly cleave lamins and disrupt the nuclear lamina during granule-mediated cytolysis","volume":"98","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37130","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M607969200","article-title":"Hop cleavage and function in granzyme B-induced apoptosis","volume":"281","author":"Bredemeyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11785","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402353101","article-title":"A proteomic approach for the discovery of protease substrates","volume":"101","author":"Bredemeyer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-006-0083-z","article-title":"Proteolysis of HIP during apoptosis occurs within a region similar to the BID loop","volume":"11","author":"Caruso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27865","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704312200","article-title":"Hip is a pro-survival substrate of granzyme B","volume":"282","author":"Hostetter","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.1.292","article-title":"Purification of a factor from the granules of a rat natural killer cell line (RNK) that reduces tumor cell growth and changes tumor morphology. Molecular identity with a granule serine protease (RNKP-1)","volume":"148","author":"Sayers","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1996.0187","article-title":"Extracellular activities of human granzymes","volume":"171","author":"Sower","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2006.106","article-title":"Extracellular granzymes: current perspectives","volume":"387","author":"Buzza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2008.01013.x","article-title":"Non-apoptotic functions of granzymes","volume":"71","author":"Romero","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(87)90141-1","article-title":"Are proteinases functional molecules of T lymphocytes?","volume":"8","author":"Kramer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1999.00881.x","article-title":"The levels of soluble granzyme A and B are elevated in plasma and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)","volume":"116","author":"Tak","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib115","first-page":"1932","article-title":"Granzyme B induces apoptosis of chondrocytes with natural killer cell-like cytotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"35","author":"Saito","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.01.002","article-title":"Granule-associated serine proteases: granzymes might not just be killer proteases","volume":"30","author":"Froelich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402183","article-title":"Granzyme B is expressed in mouse mast cells in vivoin vitro and causes delayed cell death independent of perforin","volume":"14","author":"Pardo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1993.1115","article-title":"The human mast cell chymase gene (CMA1): mapping to the cathepsin G\/granzyme gene cluster and lineage-restricted expression","volume":"15","author":"Caughey","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250432","article-title":"Serial killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes: T cell receptor triggers degranulation, re-filling of the lytic granules and secretion of lytic proteins via a non-granule pathway","volume":"25","author":"Isaaz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(02)00816-0","article-title":"Functional dissociation between proforms and mature forms of proteinase 3, azurocidin, and granzyme B in regulation of granulopoiesis","volume":"30","author":"Skold","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2008.98","article-title":"Active and zymogen forms of granzyme B are constitutively released from cytotoxic lymphocytes in the absence of target cell engagement","volume":"87","author":"Prakash","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02468.x","article-title":"Increase in granzyme B+ lymphocytes and soluble granzyme B in bronchoalveolar lavage of allergen challenged patients with atopic asthma","volume":"136","author":"Bratke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.03.001","article-title":"Relapses in multiple sclerosis are associated with increased CD8+ T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in CSF","volume":"196","author":"Malmestrom","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01977.x","article-title":"A substantial number of Rasmussen syndrome patients have increased IgG, CD4(+) T cells, TNFalpha, and Granzyme B in CSF","volume":"50","author":"Takahashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3966","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.7.3966","article-title":"Granzyme activity in the inflamed lung is not controlled by endogenous serine proteinase inhibitors","volume":"165","author":"Tremblay","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(04)00187-5","article-title":"Killing of target cells by redirected granzyme B in the absence of perforin","volume":"562","author":"Kurschus","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1086\/497606","article-title":"The granzyme B inhibitor SERPINB9 (protease inhibitor 9) circulates in blood and increases on primary cytomegalovirus infection after renal transplantation","volume":"192","author":"Rowshani","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7161","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.12.7161","article-title":"Human granzyme B degrades aggrecan proteoglycan in matrix synthesized by chondrocytes","volume":"151","author":"Froelich","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22498","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M709080200","article-title":"Antihemostatic activity of human granzyme B mediated by cleavage of von Willebrand factor","volume":"283","author":"Buzza","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3448","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22861","article-title":"Antiangiogenic plasma activity in patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"56","author":"Mulligan-Kehoe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.3.1433","article-title":"Granzyme B proteolysis of a neuronal glutamate receptor generates an autoantigen and is modulated by glycosylation","volume":"166","author":"Gahring","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28326","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604544200","article-title":"Granzyme B proteolyzes receptors important to proliferation and survival, tipping the balance toward apoptosis","volume":"281","author":"Loeb","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.04.041","article-title":"Granzyme B: evidence for a role in the origin of myasthenia gravis","volume":"201-202","author":"Casciola-Rosen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23549","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412001200","article-title":"Extracellular matrix remodeling by human granzyme B via cleavage of vitronectin, fibronectin, and laminin","volume":"280","author":"Buzza","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000147162.51930.b7","article-title":"Granzyme B induces smooth muscle cell apoptosis in the absence of perforin: involvement of extracellular matrix degradation","volume":"24","author":"Choy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8157","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M607436200","article-title":"UVA induces granzyme B in human keratinocytes through MIF: implication in extracellular matrix remodeling","volume":"282","author":"Hernandez-Pigeon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(00)80012-8","article-title":"Fibronectin fragments and their role in inflammatory arthritis","volume":"29","author":"Barilla","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.129.4.1612","article-title":"Fibronectin fragment(s) are chemotactic for human peripheral blood monocytes","volume":"129","author":"Norris","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib139","first-page":"114","article-title":"Fibronectin fragments released from phorbol ester-stimulated pulmonary artery endothelial cell monolayers promote neutrophil chemotaxis","volume":"74","author":"Odekon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"Part 1","key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3640181","article-title":"The 45 kDa collagen-binding fragment of fibronectin induces matrix metalloproteinase-13 synthesis by chondrocytes and aggrecan degradation by aggrecanases","volume":"364","author":"Stanton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(03)00107-9","article-title":"Granzyme B: pro-apoptotic, antiviral and antitumor functions","volume":"15","author":"Trapani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1139\/o05-146","article-title":"A molecular view of cytotoxic T lymphocyte induced killing","volume":"83","author":"Bleackley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.1.71","article-title":"Perforin expression and cytotoxic activity of sputum CD8+ lymphocytes in patients with COPD","volume":"125","author":"Chrysofakis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1080\/15412550600976868","article-title":"Increased airway granzyme b and perforin in current and ex-smoking COPD subjects","volume":"3","author":"Hodge","year":"2006","journal-title":"COPD"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.1.9810007","article-title":"Upregulation of two death pathways of perforin\/granzyme and FasL\/Fas in septic acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"161","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2003.02228.x","article-title":"Characterization of bronchoalveolar lavage T cell subsets in sarcoidosis on the basis of CD57, CD4 and CD8","volume":"133","author":"Kurumagawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0873-2159(15)30495-5","article-title":"[Granzymes A and B in pulmonary sarcoidosis (experimental study)]","volume":"11","author":"Dourado","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Port Pneumol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0904-2512.2004.00093.x","article-title":"Characterization of lymphoid infiltrates in chronic obstructive sialadenitis associated with sialolithiasis","volume":"33","author":"Teymoortash","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3665","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-03-1140","article-title":"A family with Papillon\u2013Lefevre syndrome reveals a requirement for cathepsin C in granzyme B activation and NK cell cytolytic activity","volume":"107","author":"Meade","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7277","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.12.7277","article-title":"Papillon\u2013Lefevre syndrome: correlating the molecular, cellular, and clinical consequences of cathepsin C\/dipeptidyl peptidase I deficiency in humans","volume":"173","author":"Pham","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(01)00736-6","article-title":"Increased cytotoxic T cells with effector phenotype in aplastic anemia and myelodysplasia","volume":"29","author":"Kook","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04147.x","article-title":"Involvement of cytotoxic granules in the apoptosis of aplastic anaemia","volume":"120","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s002770050376","article-title":"Defective natural killer cell activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes correlates with the degree of neutropenia in patients with chronic idiopathic neutropenia of adults","volume":"76","author":"Papadaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1038\/nm921","article-title":"T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity toward platelets in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura","volume":"9","author":"Olsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib155","first-page":"3048","article-title":"[Mechanism of cell-mediated lysis of autologous platelets in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura]","volume":"85","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2005.00622.x","article-title":"Cell-mediated lysis of autologous platelets in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura","volume":"76","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00828.x","article-title":"Role of cytotoxic T cells in chronic alopecia areata","volume":"114","author":"Bodemer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-002-0354-7","article-title":"Strong expression of CD40, CD54 and HLA-DR antigen and lack of evidence for direct cellular cytotoxicity are unique immunohistopathological features in alopecia areata","volume":"294","author":"Sato-Kawamura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700704","article-title":"Substance P as an immunomodulatory neuropeptide in a mouse model for autoimmune hair loss (alopecia areata)","volume":"127","author":"Siebenhaar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5293","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.11.5293","article-title":"Acquisition of granzyme B and Fas ligand proteins by human keratinocytes contributes to epidermal cell defense","volume":"159","author":"Berthou","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700213","article-title":"Gene array expression profiling in acne lesions reveals marked upregulation of genes involved in inflammation and matrix remodeling","volume":"126","author":"Trivedi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-008-9103-3","article-title":"Phenotypical characteristics of the immune cells in allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and pityriasis rosea","volume":"15","author":"Hussein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64027-8","article-title":"A comparative study of the expression of cytotoxic proteins in allergic contact dermatitis and psoriasis: spongiotic skin lesions in allergic contact dermatitis are highly infiltrated by T cells expressing perforin and granzyme B","volume":"158","author":"Yawalkar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04222.x","article-title":"Perforin and granzyme B may contribute to skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis","volume":"144","author":"Yawalkar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1080\/00313020802320739","article-title":"Evaluation of the profile of the immune cell infiltrate in lichen planus, discoid lupus erythematosus, and chronic dermatitis","volume":"40","author":"Hussein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780138","article-title":"Local immune response in skin of generalized vitiligo patients. Destruction of melanocytes is associated with the prominent presence of CLA+ T cells at the perilesional site","volume":"80","author":"van den Wijngaard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2006.03.012","article-title":"Therapeutic implications of autoimmune vitiligo T cells","volume":"5","author":"Oyarbide-Valencia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050234","article-title":"The role of granzyme B-expressing CD8-positive T cells in apoptosis of keratinocytes in lichen planus","volume":"289","author":"Shimizu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2007.00892.x","article-title":"Involvement of granzyme B and granulysin in the cytotoxic response in lichen planus","volume":"35","author":"Ammar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1699","article-title":"Recruitment of dendritic cells in oral lichen planus","volume":"205","author":"Santoro","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1309\/GHY8AL2D45P2R234","article-title":"Cytotoxic molecule expression and epithelial cell apoptosis in oral and cutaneous lichen planus","volume":"121","author":"Santoro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2006.00527.x","article-title":"Type I interferon-associated cytotoxic inflammation in lichen planus","volume":"33","author":"Wenzel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2007.00543.x","article-title":"Detection of perforin and granzyme B mRNA expressing cells in lichen sclerosus","volume":"16","author":"Hunger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0194","article-title":"IP10\/CXCL10\u2013CXCR3 interaction: a potential self-recruiting mechanism for cytotoxic lymphocytes in lichen sclerosus et atrophicus","volume":"87","author":"Wenzel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2004.01929.x","article-title":"Vasculitis in lichen sclerosus: an under recognized feature?","volume":"45","author":"Regauer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06721.x","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis: current evidence, practical management and future directions","volume":"153","author":"Chave","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.23439.x","article-title":"Evaluation of the potential role of cytokines in toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"123","author":"Nassif","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.06.004","article-title":"Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"7","author":"Borchers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.07.047","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis: effector cells are drug-specific cytotoxic T cells","volume":"114","author":"Nassif","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.120563","article-title":"Delayed reactions to drugs show levels of perforin, granzyme B, and Fas-L to be related to disease severity","volume":"109","author":"Posadas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2006.037010","article-title":"Immunohistological analysis of immune cells in blistering skin lesions","volume":"60","author":"Hussein","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06784.x","article-title":"Scarring skin lesions of discoid lupus erythematosus are characterized by high numbers of skin-homing cytotoxic lymphocytes associated with strong expression of the type I interferon-induced protein MxA","volume":"153","author":"Wenzel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700527","article-title":"T helper type 2-biased natural killer cell phenotype in patients with pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"127","author":"Takahashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib184","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Expression of cytolytic mediators by synovial fluid lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"140","author":"Young","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/40.1.55","article-title":"Human granzyme B mediates cartilage proteoglycan degradation and is expressed at the invasive front of the synovium in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Ronday","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.6.561","article-title":"Analysis of the cell infiltrate and expression of matrix metalloproteinases and granzyme B in paired synovial biopsy specimens from the cartilage\u2013pannus junction in patients with RA","volume":"60","author":"Smeets","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1994.1173","article-title":"Expression of granzymes A and B in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis","volume":"73","author":"Kummer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780371205","article-title":"Granzyme-positive cytotoxic cells are specifically increased in early rheumatoid synovial tissue","volume":"37","author":"Tak","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2007.05.004","article-title":"Macrophages express granzyme B in the lesion areas of atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"111","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.007039","article-title":"Raised granzyme B levels are associated with erosions in patients with early rheumatoid factor positive rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"64","author":"Goldbach-Mansky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.009225","article-title":"T cells, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and granzyme B+ cytotoxic cells are associated with joint damage in patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"63","author":"Kraan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199809)186:1<75::AID-PATH142>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Analysis of the cellular infiltrates and expression of cytokines in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and reactive arthritis","volume":"186","author":"Smeets","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10100","article-title":"Destruction of neurons by cytotoxic T cells: a new pathogenic mechanism in Rasmussen's encephalitis","volume":"51","author":"Bien","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21148","article-title":"Astrocytes are a specific immunological target in Rasmussen's encephalitis","volume":"62","author":"Bauer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp003","article-title":"CD8+ T-cell clones dominate brain infiltrates in Rasmussen encephalitis and persist in the periphery","volume":"132","author":"Schwab","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200204000-00012","article-title":"Rasmussen's encephalitis: a role for autoimmune cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"15","author":"Bauer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1999.0321","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and central nervous system demyelination","volume":"13","author":"Pouly","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2271","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260945","article-title":"Neurons induced to express major histocompatibility complex class I antigen are killed via the perforin and not the Fas (APO-1\/CD95) pathway","volume":"26","author":"Rensing-Ehl","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1651","article-title":"Human TH17 lymphocytes promote blood\u2013brain barrier disruption and central nervous system inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kebir","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"Part 9","key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg207","article-title":"Distinct time pattern of complement activation and cytotoxic T cell response in Guillain\u2013Barre syndrome","volume":"126","author":"Wanschitz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4598(200007)23:7<999::AID-MUS1>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Cell death in vasculitic neuropathy","volume":"23","author":"Heuss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007444","article-title":"Apoptosis of perineurial cells in sensory perineuritis","volume":"99","author":"Oka","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.09.075","article-title":"Multiple apoptogenic proteins are involved in the nuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factor during transient focal cerebral ischemia in rat","volume":"1246","author":"Chaitanya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1789.2008.00980.x","article-title":"Granzyme-b mediated cell death in the spinal cord-injured rat model","volume":"29","author":"Chaitanya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.6.815","article-title":"Cleavage by granzyme B is strongly predictive of autoantigen status: implications for initiation of autoimmunity","volume":"190","author":"Casciola-Rosen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20745","article-title":"Increase in activated CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing perforin and granzyme B correlates with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"52","author":"Blanco","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.6.3413","article-title":"Identification of human autoantibodies to the DNA ligase IV\/XRCC4 complex and mapping of an autoimmune epitope to a potential regulatory region","volume":"169","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21092","article-title":"Granzyme B is dispensable for immunologic tolerance to self in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"52","author":"Graham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2002.6534","article-title":"Identification of AHNAK as a novel autoantigen in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"291","author":"Skoldberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02004-1","article-title":"Endocardial fibroelastosis associated with maternal anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies in the absence of atrioventricular block","volume":"40","author":"Nield","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10407","article-title":"Recognition of Granzyme B-generated autoantigen fragments in scleroderma patients with ischemic digital loss","volume":"46","author":"Schachna","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11485","article-title":"Selective cleavage of nucleolar autoantigen B23 by granzyme B in differentiated vascular smooth muscle cells: insights into the association of specific autoantibodies with distinct disease phenotypes","volume":"50","author":"Ulanet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4857-7_18","article-title":"Sjogren's syndrome. Autoimmune epithelitis","volume":"455","author":"Tapinos","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00705.x","article-title":"Modes of epithelial cell death and repair in Sjogren's syndrome (SS)","volume":"114","author":"Polihronis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2226","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.4.2226","article-title":"Preferential localization of CD8+ alpha E beta 7+ T cells around acinar epithelial cells with apoptosis in patients with Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"163","author":"Fujihara","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2005.02888.x","article-title":"Detection of apoptosis-specific autoantibodies directed against granzyme B-induced cleavage fragments of the SS-B (La) autoantigen in sera from patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"142","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.5449","article-title":"Autoantibodies to the amino-terminal fragment of beta-fodrin expressed in glandular epithelial cells in patients with Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"167","author":"Kuwana","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200110)44:10<2376::AID-ART402>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Novel fragments of the Sjogren's syndrome autoantigens alpha-fodrin and type 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor generated during cytotoxic lymphocyte granule-induced cell death","volume":"44","author":"Nagaraju","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.09.017","article-title":"La autoantigen translocates to cytoplasm after cleavage during granzyme B-mediated cytotoxicity","volume":"81","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130401500304","article-title":"Altered autoantigen structure in Sjogren's syndrome: implications for the pathogenesis of autoimmune tissue damage","volume":"15","author":"Rosen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oral Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib221","first-page":"1135","article-title":"Mechanisms of lysis by activated cytotoxic cells expressing perforin and granzyme-B genes and the protein TIA-1 in muscle biopsies of myositis","volume":"23","author":"Cherin","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(99)00162-9","article-title":"Expression of human IAP-like protein in skeletal muscle: a possible explanation for the rare incidence of muscle fiber apoptosis in T-cell mediated inflammatory myopathies","volume":"106","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2729","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22790","article-title":"Novel conformation of histidyl-transfer RNA synthetase in the lung: the target tissue in Jo-1 autoantibody-associated myositis","volume":"56","author":"Levine","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200011000-00001","article-title":"Update on myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies","volume":"12","author":"Targoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0129","article-title":"Granzyme B-mediated death of pancreatic beta-cells requires the proapoptotic BH3-only molecule bid","volume":"55","author":"Estella","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib226","first-page":"CR38","article-title":"Lymphocytic gastritis in pediatric celiac disease\u2014immunohistochemical study of the intraepithelial lymphocytic component","volume":"10","author":"Drut","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350300039","article-title":"Cytotoxic molecules expressed by intraepithelial lymphocytes may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal lesions","volume":"38","author":"Suzuki","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199804000-00010","article-title":"High proportion of granzyme B-positive (activated) intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes in lymphocytic gastritis","volume":"22","author":"Oberhuber","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280050158","article-title":"Characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate in autoimmune cholangitis. A morphological and immunhistochemical study","volume":"432","author":"Kaserer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2004.06.016","article-title":"Intrasinusoidal cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver","volume":"35","author":"Ziol","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2007.06.007","article-title":"Contribution of TIA-1+ and granzyme B+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes to cryptal apoptosis and ulceration in active inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"203","author":"Mitomi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.05.001","article-title":"Plasma levels of granzyme B are increased in patients with lipid-rich carotid plaques as determined by echogenicity","volume":"195","author":"Skjelland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2006.110023","article-title":"Increased granzyme B production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with acute coronary syndrome","volume":"94","author":"Tsuru","year":"2008","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-08-0668","article-title":"Elevation of plasma granzyme B levels after acute myocardial infarction","volume":"73","author":"Kondo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000024082.46387.38","article-title":"Inflammation in atherosclerosis: lesion formation in LDL receptor-deficient mice with perforin and Lyst(beige) mutations","volume":"22","author":"Schiller","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0502.103348","article-title":"T-cell-mediated lysis of endothelial cells in acute coronary syndromes","volume":"105","author":"Nakajima","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318177dfe4","article-title":"Blood monitoring of granzyme B and perforin expression after intestinal transplantation: considerations on clinical relevance","volume":"85","author":"Altimari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2005.00450.x","article-title":"Correlation of genetic markers of rejection with biopsy findings following human pancreas transplant","volume":"20","author":"Cashion","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2006.10.113","article-title":"Serial peripheral blood cytotoxic lymphocyte gene expression measurements for prediction of pancreas transplant rejection","volume":"38","author":"Cashion","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2005.11.035","article-title":"Potential of real-time PCR assessment of granzyme B and perforin up-regulation for rejection monitoring in intestinal transplant recipients","volume":"37","author":"Corti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2003.10.073","article-title":"Granzyme B and perforin as predictive markers for acute rejection in human intestinal transplantation","volume":"35","author":"D'Errico","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.8","article-title":"Expression of granzyme A and B proteins by cytotoxic lymphocytes involved in acute renal allograft rejection","volume":"47","author":"Kummer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103293441301","article-title":"Noninvasive diagnosis of renal-allograft rejection by measurement of messenger RNA for perforin and granzyme B in urine","volume":"344","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-6143.2003.00187.x","article-title":"Serial peripheral blood perforin and granzyme B gene expression measurements for prediction of acute rejection in kidney graft recipients","volume":"3","author":"Simon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2006.00351.x","article-title":"Urinary cytotoxic molecular markers for a noninvasive diagnosis in acute renal transplant rejection","volume":"19","author":"Yannaraki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00710.x","article-title":"Granzyme B induces endothelial cell apoptosis and contributes to the development of transplant vascular disease","volume":"5","author":"Choy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63281-6","article-title":"Perforin mediates endothelial cell death and resultant transplant vascular disease in cardiac allografts","volume":"165","author":"Choy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1086\/323155","article-title":"CD8 T lymphocytes and macrophages infiltrate coronary artery aneurysms in acute Kawasaki disease","volume":"184","author":"Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.4.986","article-title":"Longstanding obliterative panarteritis in Kawasaki disease: lack of cyclosporin A effect","volume":"112","author":"Kuijpers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000157224.25722.76","article-title":"CD8 T lymphocytes do not express cytotoxic proteins in coronary artery aneurysms in acute Kawasaki disease","volume":"24","author":"Guzman-Cottrill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002424","article-title":"Anti-perforin antibody treatment ameliorates experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis in WKY rats","volume":"72","author":"Fujinaka","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V132359","article-title":"Anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody therapy is effective in the prevention and treatment of experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis","volume":"13","author":"Reynolds","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200008000-00014","article-title":"The nature of the myenteric infiltrate in achalasia: an immunohistochemical analysis","volume":"24","author":"Clark","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(99)90114-4","article-title":"Assessment and diagnostic utility of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte phenotype using the specific markers granzyme-B and TIA-1 in esophageal mucosal biopsies","volume":"30","author":"Resnick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199908000-00016","article-title":"Aberrant esophageal HLA-DR expression in a high percentage of patients with Crohn's disease","volume":"23","author":"Oberhuber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib256","first-page":"1811","article-title":"In situ immunophenotype of the inflammatory infiltrate in eosinophilic fasciitis","volume":"30","author":"Toquet","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.2.275","article-title":"Cytotoxic phenotype of intra-epithelial lymphocytes in normal and cryptorchid human testicular excurrent ducts","volume":"17","author":"Yakirevich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1998.00532.x","article-title":"Perforin and Fas pathways of cytotoxic T-cells in histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis","volume":"33","author":"Ohshima","year":"1998","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1997.tb04432.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of necrotizing lymphadenitis: a possible mechanism for apoptosis involving perforin and granzyme-producing cytotoxic T cells","volume":"47","author":"Mori","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6122","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.11.6122","article-title":"Loss of cytotoxic T lymphocyte function in Chediak\u2013Higashi syndrome arises from a secretory defect that prevents lytic granule exocytosis","volume":"154","author":"Baetz","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/60.3.302","article-title":"Caspase 3 expression correlates with skeletal muscle apoptosis in Duchenne and facioscapulo human muscular dystrophy. A potential target for pharmacological treatment?","volume":"60","author":"Sandri","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.179.4.1317","article-title":"Autoantigens targeted in systemic lupus erythematosus are clustered in two populations of surface structures on apoptotic keratinocytes","volume":"179","author":"Casciola-Rosen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-005-0426-6","article-title":"Granzyme B and natural killer (NK) cell death","volume":"15","author":"Ida","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401217","article-title":"Circulating plasma levels of nucleosomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: correlation with serum antinucleosome antibody titers and absence of clear association with disease activity","volume":"40","author":"Amoura","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2003.11.003","article-title":"Decreased phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in diseased SLE mice","volume":"22","author":"Licht","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1038\/89034","article-title":"Clearing the way to mechanisms of autoimmunity","volume":"7","author":"Rosen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000171215.87993.6b","article-title":"Sources of autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"17","author":"Graham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200102)44:2<389::AID-ANR58>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"The DNA mismatch repair enzyme PMS1 is a myositis-specific autoantigen","volume":"44","author":"Casciola-Rosen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib269","first-page":"1261","article-title":"Detection and quantitation of fibronectin in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatic disease","volume":"24","author":"Carsons","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.40.2.142","article-title":"Significance of fibronectin in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis","volume":"40","author":"Scott","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib271","first-page":"1378","article-title":"Intraarticular injection of fibronectin fragments causes severe depletion of cartilage proteoglycans in vivo","volume":"20","author":"Homandberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50566-X","article-title":"Fibronectin fragments cause chondrolysis of bovine articular cartilage slices in culture","volume":"267","author":"Homandberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-008-9177-4","article-title":"Human CD8 responses to a complete epitope set from preproinsulin: implications for approaches to epitope discovery","volume":"28","author":"Baker","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2003.09.015","article-title":"Prevention of type 1 diabetes: from the view point of beta cell damage","volume":"66","author":"Kawasaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05415-0","article-title":"Type 1 diabetes: new perspectives on disease pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"358","author":"Atkinson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000060527","article-title":"Genes and cellular requirements for autoimmune diabetes susceptibility in nonobese diabetic mice","volume":"4","author":"Serreze","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Dir Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401754","article-title":"Beta-cell apoptosis in an accelerated model of autoimmune diabetes","volume":"4","author":"Augstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.1.213","article-title":"Beta cell apoptosis in T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes","volume":"94","author":"Kurrer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.5.750","article-title":"Apoptosis is the mode of beta-cell death responsible for the development of IDDM in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse","volume":"46","author":"O'Brien","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-009-0339-5","article-title":"Beta cell apoptosis in diabetes","author":"Thomas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1447.047","article-title":"The sentinel role of CD8 T cells in regulating CD4 T cell responses to proinsulin in beta-islet cell autoimmunity","volume":"1150","author":"Batarelo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-7560(200007\/08)16:4<251::AID-DMRR126>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Beta cell destruction in the development of autoimmune diabetes in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse","volume":"16","author":"Thomas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2494(97)87241-0","article-title":"CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes: clarification of their pathogenic roles in diabetes in the NOD mouse","volume":"148","author":"Kay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Res Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.1999.0322","article-title":"The role of CD4 vs. CD 8T cells in IDDM","volume":"13","author":"Wong","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.45.10.1299","article-title":"Diabetogenic T-cell clones","volume":"45","author":"Haskins","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.10.1663","article-title":"Spontaneous autoimmune diabetes in monoclonal T cell nonobese diabetic mice","volume":"186","author":"Verdaguer","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6266","article-title":"Perforin-independent beta-cell destruction by diabetogenic CD8(+) T lymphocytes in transgenic nonobese diabetic mice","volume":"103","author":"Amrani","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.9.2281","article-title":"Assessment of cytotoxic lymphocyte gene expression in the peripheral blood of human islet allograft recipients: elevation precedes clinical evidence of rejection","volume":"53","author":"Han","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.3.562","article-title":"Elevation of cytotoxic lymphocyte gene expression is predictive of islet allograft rejection in nonhuman primates","volume":"51","author":"Han","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-5022fje","article-title":"Granzyme B mediates neurotoxicity through a G-protein-coupled receptor","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(98)00047-2","article-title":"Mechanism of gammadelta T cell-induced human oligodendrocyte cytotoxicity: relevance to multiple sclerosis","volume":"87","author":"Zeine","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12470601","article-title":"Immunohistologic and ultrastructural comparison of the dermal papilla and hair follicle bulb from \u201cactive\u201d and \u201cnormal\u201d areas of alopecia areata","volume":"96","author":"Hull","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12261627","article-title":"Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic characterization of the cellular infiltrate in alopecia (areata, totalis, and universalis)","volume":"83","author":"Ranki","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib294","first-page":"e21","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee","volume":"119","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1882","article-title":"The immune response in atherosclerosis: a double-edged sword","volume":"6","author":"Hansson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pathol.1.110304.100100","article-title":"Inflammation and atherosclerosis","volume":"1","author":"Hansson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0b013e3282efd0d4","article-title":"Immunomodulation of the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Kuiper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0b013e3282feec55","article-title":"Atherosclerosis: cell biology and lipoproteins","volume":"19","author":"Daugherty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.108.178947","article-title":"As macrophages indulge, atherosclerotic lesions bulge","volume":"102","author":"Daugherty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000168894.43759.47","article-title":"Toll to be paid at the gateway to the vessel wall","volume":"25","author":"Hansson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(96)88642-1","article-title":"S-100 positive cells in human arterial intima and in atherosclerotic lesions","volume":"29","author":"Bobryshev","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.6.2.131","article-title":"Regional accumulations of T cells, macrophages, and smooth muscle cells in the human atherosclerotic plaque","volume":"6","author":"Jonasson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.90.4.1669","article-title":"Accumulation of activated mast cells in the shoulder region of human coronary atheroma, the predilection site of atheromatous rupture","volume":"90","author":"Kaartinen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-06-2345","article-title":"CD4+\/CD8+ macrophages infiltrating at inflammatory sites: a population of monocytes\/macrophages with a cytotoxic phenotype","volume":"107","author":"Baba","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib305","first-page":"S:559","article-title":"Abstract 5488: granzyme B contributes to extracellular matrix degradation and advanced atherosclerotic plaque formation","volume":"118","author":"Boivin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1139\/y06-090","article-title":"The role of granzyme B in atheromatous diseases","volume":"85","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/00001573-199603000-00012","article-title":"The pathogenesis of cardiac allograft vasculopathy","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000246086.93555.f3","article-title":"Allograft vasculopathy versus atherosclerosis","volume":"99","author":"Rahmani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.13.7.1019","article-title":"Intimal thickening and medial necrosis in allograft arteriosclerosis (chronic rejection) are independently regulated","volume":"13","author":"Mennander","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200001)43:1<184::AID-ANR23>3.0.CO;2-N","article-title":"Cell adhesion molecules in the development of inflammatory infiltrates in giant cell arteritis: inflammation-induced angiogenesis as the preferential site of leukocyte\u2013endothelial cell interactions","volume":"43","author":"Cid","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199801)41:1<26::AID-ART4>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Association between strong inflammatory response and low risk of developing visual loss and other cranial ischemic complications in giant cell (temporal) arteritis","volume":"41","author":"Cid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117029","article-title":"Perforin-secreting killer cell infiltration and expression of a 65-kD heat-shock protein in aortic tissue of patients with Takayasu's arteritis","volume":"93","author":"Seko","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.44.256","article-title":"Takayasu myocarditis mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"44","author":"Takeda","year":"2005","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e110","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.751404","article-title":"Kawasaki disease","volume":"118","author":"Baker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91_bib315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032158","article-title":"The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"350","author":"Hogg","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Laboratory Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/labinvest200991.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/labinvest200991","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0023683722029397?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0023683722029397?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/labinvest200991.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T19:54:28Z","timestamp":1758398068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0023683722029397"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"references-count":315,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0023683722029397"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91","relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-6837"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-6837","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Intracellular versus extracellular granzyme B in immunity and disease: challenging the dogma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Laboratory Investigation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/labinvest.2009.91","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2009 United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}