{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:59:32Z","timestamp":1793300372760,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]],"date-time":"2008-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217548800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5276,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["mp.uscap.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Modern Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,6]],"date-time":"2008-06-06T11:12:35Z","timestamp":1212750755000},"page":"1011-1018","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Utility and limitations of glypican-3 expression for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma at both ends of the differentiation spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Nafis","family":"Shafizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda D","family":"Ferrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Kakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib1","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Hepatocyte paraffin 1: a monoclonal antibody that reacts with hepatocytes and can be used for the differential diagnosis of hepatic tumors","volume":"143","author":"Wennerberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MP.0000052103.13730.20","article-title":"Hep Par1 antibody stain for the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: 676 tumors testing using tissue microarrays and conventional tissue sections","volume":"16","author":"Fan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1309\/8L872RPHEJRKF5JJ","article-title":"Immunoreactivity of Hep Par1 in hepatic and extrahepatic tumors and its correlation with albumin in situ hybridization in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"119","author":"Kakar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1309\/KC09YTF2M4DLUYQ6","article-title":"Hepatocye Paraffin 1 expression in human normal and neoplastic tissues: Tissue microarray analysis on 3940 tissue samples","volume":"122","author":"Lugli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MP.0000037312.69565.24","article-title":"A comparison of CD10 to pCEA, MOC-31 and hepatocyte for the distinction of malignant tumors in the liver","volume":"15","author":"Morrison","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.130104","article-title":"Comparative immunohistochemical profile of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and metastatic adenocarcinoma","volume":"33","author":"Lau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/00129039-200006000-00006","article-title":"MOC31 immunoreactivity in primary and metastatic carcinoma of the liver. Report of findings and review of other utilized markers","volume":"8","author":"Proca","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1309\/59TNEFALUL5WJ94M","article-title":"Cytoplasmic staining of TTF-1 in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma vs cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma of the liver","volume":"125","author":"Lei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10856","article-title":"Glypican-3, overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, modulates FGF2 and BMP-7 signaling","volume":"103","author":"Midorikawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00689-9","article-title":"Glypican 3: a novel serum and histochemical marker for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"125","author":"Capurro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00908-2","article-title":"Glypican-3, overexpressed specifically in human hepatocellular carcinoma, is a novel tumor marker","volume":"306","author":"Nakatsura","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2165\/00063030-200519020-00001","article-title":"Usefulness of the novel oncofetal antigen glypican-3 for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma","volume":"19","author":"Nakatsura","year":"2005","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03260065","article-title":"Glypican-3 and alphafetoprotein as diagnostic tests for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Filmus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Diagn"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800436","article-title":"The glypican 3 oncofetal protein is a promising diagnostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2006.05.016","article-title":"Glypican-3 expression in hepatocellular tumors: diagnostic value for preneoplastic lesions and hepatocellular carcinomas","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213323.97294.9a","article-title":"Glypican-3 expression distinguishes small hepatocellular carcinomas from cirrhosis, dysplastic nodules, and focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodules","volume":"30","author":"Libbrecht","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22954","article-title":"Glypican-3 immunocytochemistry in liver fine-needle aspirates: a novel stain to assist in the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions","volume":"111","author":"Kandil","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.4.558","article-title":"Enhanced glypican-3 expression differentiates the majority of hepatocellular carcinomas from benign hepatic disorders","volume":"48","author":"Zhu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199311000-00004","article-title":"Proposal for standardized criteria for the diagnosis of benign, borderline and malignant hepatocellular lesions arising in chronic advanced liver disease","volume":"17","author":"Ferrell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840220341","article-title":"Terminology of nodular hepatocellular lesions. International Working Party","volume":"22","author":"Wanless","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib21","series-title":"Pathology and genetics of tumors of the digestive system","first-page":"159","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","author":"Hirohashi","year":"2000"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20042","article-title":"Focus on dysplastic nodules and early hepatocellular carcinoma: an Eastern point of view","volume":"10","author":"Kojiro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-823097","article-title":"Morphological changes of early human hepatocarcinogenesis","volume":"24","author":"Hytiroglou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib24","first-page":"5179","article-title":"Cloning and expression of a developmentally regulated transcript MXR7 in hepatocellular carcinoma: biological significance and temporospatial distribution","volume":"57","author":"Hsu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/S1016-8478(23)13749-6","article-title":"Blocking endogenous glypican-3 expression releases Hep 3B cells from G1 arrest","volume":"15","author":"Farooq","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6245","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-4244","article-title":"Glypican-3 promotes the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by stimulating canonical Wnt signaling","volume":"65","author":"Capurro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S1016-8478(23)12884-6","article-title":"Cellular changes resulting from forced expression of glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells","volume":"21","author":"Kwack","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21531","article-title":"Diagnostic value of HSP70, glypican 3, and glutamine synthetase in hepatocellular nodules in cirrhosis","volume":"45","author":"Di Tommaso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib29","first-page":"577","article-title":"Fibrolamellar hepatoma","volume":"85","author":"Ruffin","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(88)80261-2","article-title":"Fibrolamellar carcinoma of the liver: an immunohistochemical study of nineteen cases and a review of the literature","volume":"19","author":"Berman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2005.02230.x","article-title":"\u2018Scirrhous\u2019 type hepatocellular carcinomas: a special reference to expression of cytokeratin 7 and hepatocyte paraffin 1","volume":"47","author":"Matsuura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6612","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-0348","article-title":"Identification of glypican-3 as a novel tumor marker for melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Nakatsura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2165\/00063030-200519020-00001","article-title":"Usefulness of the novel oncofetal antigen glypican-3 for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma","volume":"19","author":"Nakatsura","year":"2005","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1097\/pgp.0b013e31802d692c","article-title":"Glypican-3 expression in primary and recurrent ovarian carcinomas","volume":"26","author":"Stadlmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2007.06.004","article-title":"Glypican-3 expression in benign liver tissue with active hepatitis C: implications for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"39","author":"Abdul-Al","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"}],"container-title":["Modern Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/modpathol200885.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/modpathol200885","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S089339522202261X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S089339522202261X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/modpathol200885.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:57:31Z","timestamp":1760230651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S089339522202261X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S089339522202261X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-3952"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-3952","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Utility and limitations of glypican-3 expression for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma at both ends of the differentiation spectrum","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Modern Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/modpathol.2008.85","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2008 United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}