{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:22:14Z","timestamp":1791224534193,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000}}],"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,7]],"date-time":"2016-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1497,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,22]],"date-time":"2012-05-22T12:34:06Z","timestamp":1337690046000},"page":"1724-1736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["RETRACTED: Inhibition of Hepatitis C Virus Replication by Intracellular Delivery of Multiple siRNAs by Nanosomes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Partha K","family":"Chandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anup K","family":"Kundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sidhartha","family":"Hazari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sruti","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Ooms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert F","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarun K","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikanta","family":"Dash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21347","article-title":"Global challenges in liver disease","volume":"44","author":"William","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22759","article-title":"Diagnosis, management, and treatment of hepatitis C: an update","volume":"49","author":"Ghany","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24262","article-title":"Treatment failure and resistance with direct-acting antiviral drugs against hepatitis C virus","volume":"53","author":"Pawlotsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.01.011","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus resistance to protease inhibitors","volume":"55","author":"Halfon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2007.03.022","article-title":"Therapeutic application of RNA interference for hepatitis C virus","volume":"59","author":"Watanabe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3302727","article-title":"Therapeutic short hairpin RNA expression in the liver: viral targets and vectors","volume":"13","author":"Grimm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.04.001","article-title":"Delivery of RNA interference therapeutics using polycation-based nanoparticles","volume":"61","author":"Howard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2007.03.005","article-title":"RNAi therapeutics: principles, prospects and challenges","volume":"59","author":"Aagaard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2009.03.003","article-title":"Lipid-based systemic delivery of siRNA","volume":"61","author":"Tseng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7050","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.11.7050-7058.2005","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus replicons escape RNA interference induced by a short interfering RNA directed against the NS5b coding region","volume":"79","author":"Wilson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2006.00752.x","article-title":"siRNA-resistance in treated HCV replicon cells is correlated with the development of specific HCV mutations","volume":"13","author":"Konishi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1113329","article-title":"Modulation of hepatitis C virus RNA abundance by a liver-specific MicroRNA","volume":"309","author":"Jopling","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.05.013","article-title":"Position-dependent function for a tandem microRNA miR-122-binding site located in the hepatitis C virus RNA genome","volume":"4","author":"Jopling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2011.10.023","article-title":"Development and optimization of nanosomal formulations for siRNA delivery to the liver","volume":"80","author":"Kundu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.11.040","article-title":"Stability of lyophilized siRNA nanosome formulations","volume":"423","author":"Kundu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-7-36","article-title":"Impaired antiviral activity of interferon alpha against hepatitis C virus 2a in Huh-7 cells with a defective Jak-Stat pathway","volume":"7","author":"Hazari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.11.021","article-title":"siRNAs against the Epstein Barr virus latency replication factor, EBNA1, inhibit its function and growth of EBV-dependent tumor cells","volume":"346","author":"Yin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02035-07","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape is restricted when conserved genome sequences are targeted by RNA interference","volume":"82","author":"von Eije","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki220","article-title":"HIV-1 can escape from RNA interference by evolving an alternative structure in its RNA genome","volume":"33","author":"Westerhout","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000414","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000414","article-title":"HIV evolution in early infection: selection pressures, patterns of insertion and deletion, and the impact of APOBEC","volume":"5","author":"Wood","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib21","first-page":"363","article-title":"Transfection of HepG2 cells with infectious hepatitis C virus genome","volume":"151","author":"Dash","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2010.11.004","article-title":"Measuring antiviral activity of benzimidazole molecules that alter IRES RNA structure with an infectious hepatitis C virus chimera expressing Renilla luciferase","volume":"89","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i3.300","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft supports HCV replication: a mouse model for evaluating antivirals","volume":"17","author":"Hazari","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.10.029","article-title":"Targeted delivery of siRNA against hepatitis C virus by apolipoprotein A-I-bound cationic liposomes","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.06.015","article-title":"Liver target delivery of small interfering RNA to the HCV gene by lactosylated cationic liposome","volume":"47","author":"Watanabe","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.05.003","article-title":"Inhibition of hepatitis C virus gene expression by small interfering RNAs using a tri-cistronic full-length viral replicon and a transient mouse model","volume":"122","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025766429175","article-title":"Analysis of hepatic disposition of galactosylated cationic liposome\/plasmid DNA complexes in perfused rat liver","volume":"20","author":"Fumoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.29.1521","article-title":"Effect of the particle size of galactosylated lipoplex on hepatocyte-selective gene transfection after intraportal administration","volume":"29","author":"Higuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Pharm Bull"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-5926-1-1","article-title":"Structural and functional aspects of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrae: a review","volume":"1","author":"Braet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.10.002","article-title":"Non-genotype-specific role of the hepatitis C virus 5' untranslated region in virus production and in inhibition by interferon","volume":"421","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2010.04.011","article-title":"The efficacy of siRNAs against hepatitis C virus is strongly influenced by structure and target site accessibility","volume":"17","author":"Sagan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2011.08.035","article-title":"RNA interference as a tool for exploring HIV-1 robustness","volume":"413","author":"Nevot","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11531","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.21.11531-11535.2003","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape from RNA interference","volume":"77","author":"Boden","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.04.027","article-title":"The gene-silencing efficiency of siRNA is strongly dependent on the local structure of mRNA at the targeted region","volume":"318","author":"Luo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkh221","article-title":"Effects on RNAi of the tight structure, sequence and position of the targeted region","volume":"32","author":"Yoshinari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.03.011","article-title":"Local RNA target structure influences siRNA efficacy: systematic analysis of intentionally designed binding regions","volume":"348","author":"Schubert","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4322","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm437","article-title":"A systematic analysis of the effect of target RNA structure on RNA interference","volume":"35","author":"Westerhout","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.embor840","article-title":"Inhibition of intracellular hepatitis C virus replication by synthetic and vector-derived small interfering RNAs","volume":"4","author":"Yokota","year":"2003","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3436","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.7.3436-3446.2004","article-title":"Alternative approaches for efficient inhibition of hepatitis C virus RNA replication by small interfering RNAs","volume":"78","author":"Kr\u00f6nke","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mt.6300186","article-title":"Inhibition of hepatitis C virus infection in cell culture by small interfering RNAs","volume":"15","author":"Chevalier","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.5.2801-2806.2003","article-title":"Viral internal ribosome entry site elements: novel ribosome-RNA complexes and roles in viral pathogenesis","volume":"77","author":"Sarnow","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2011.207","article-title":"Systemic administration of combinatorial dsiRNAs via nanoparticles efficiently suppresses HIV-1 infection in humanized mice","volume":"19","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5154","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm543","article-title":"Combinatorial delivery of small interfering RNAs reduces RNAi efficacy by selective incorporation into RISC","volume":"35","author":"Castanotto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mt.6300382","article-title":"Lentiviral vector design for multiple shRNA expression and durable HIV-1 inhibition","volume":"16","author":"ter Brake","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2011.12.008","article-title":"RNA-based therapeutics: current progress and future prospects","volume":"19","author":"Burnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2011.294","article-title":"Action and reaction: the biological response to sirna and its delivery vehicles","volume":"20","author":"Kanasty","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2005.04.014","article-title":"Small hairpin RNAs efficiently inhibit hepatitis C IRES-mediated gene expression in human tissue culture cells and a mouse model","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1038\/418038a","article-title":"RNA interference in adult mice","volume":"418","author":"McCaffrey","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1268","article-title":"Production of infectious hepatitis C virus in tissue culture from a cloned viral genome","volume":"11","author":"Wakita","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107_bib50","first-page":"95","article-title":"Bioedit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for windows 95\/98\/NT","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Symp Ser"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2024.11.036","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000}},{"DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000}}],"container-title":["Molecular Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525001616321633?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1525001616321633?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T23:00:44Z","timestamp":1740610844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1525001616321633"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1525001616321633"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mt.2012.107","relation":{"retraction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1038\/mt.2012.107","asserted-by":"object"}],"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2024.11.036","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1525-0016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-0016","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"RETRACTED: Inhibition of Hepatitis C Virus Replication by Intracellular Delivery of Multiple siRNAs by Nanosomes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Molecular Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mt.2012.107","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}