{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T12:13:34Z","timestamp":1790424814824,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7119","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nature05302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,30]],"date-time":"2006-11-30T00:22:05Z","timestamp":1164846125000},"page":"592-596","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["Rank clocks"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"444","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Batty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnature05302_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(00)00464-7","volume":"287","author":"A Blank","year":"2000","unstructured":"Blank, A. & Solomon, S. Power laws in cities population, financial markets and internet sites: Scaling and systems with a variable number of components. Physica A 287, 279\u2013288 (2000)","journal-title":"Physica A"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR2","first-page":"2341","volume-title":"Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics","author":"X Gabaix","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gabaix, X. & Ioannides, Y. M. in Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics Vol. 4 (eds Henderson, V. & Thisse, J-F.) 2341\u20132378 (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 2004)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062081","volume":"293","author":"RL Axtell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Axtell, R. L. Zipf distribution of U.S. firm sizes. Science 293, 1818\u20131820 (2001)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR4","first-page":"143","volume":"3","author":"LA Adamic","year":"2002","unstructured":"Adamic, L. A. & Huberman, B. A. Zipf\u2019s law and the internet. Glottometrics 3, 143\u2013150 (2002)","journal-title":"Glottometrics"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1038\/379804a0","volume":"379","author":"MHR Stanley","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stanley, M. H. R. et al. Scaling behavior in the growth of companies. Nature 379, 804\u2013806 (1996)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR6","unstructured":"White, D. R., Kejzar, N., Tsallis, C. & Rozenblat, C. Generative Historical Model of City-Size Hierarchies: 430BCE\u20132005 (ISCOM Working Paper, Institute of Mathematical Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 2005)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03459","volume":"435","author":"A-L Barabasi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barabasi, A-L. The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynamics. Nature 435, 207\u2013211 (2005)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR8","unstructured":"Gibson, C. Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990 (Population Division Paper 27, US Bureau of the Census, Washington DC, 1998)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR9","volume-title":"Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort","author":"GK Zipf","year":"1949","unstructured":"Zipf, G. K. Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort (Addison-Wesley, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1949)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR10","unstructured":"CDU census website. \u3008 http:\/\/census.ac.uk\/cdu\/ \u3009 (accessed 8 August, 2006)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR11","volume-title":"Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census","author":"T Chandler","year":"1987","unstructured":"Chandler, T. Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census (Edward Mellon, Lampeter, UK, 1987)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0462(02)00006-6","volume":"33","author":"YM Ioannides","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ioannides, Y. M. & Overman, H. G. Zipf\u2019s law for cities: An empirical examination. Reg. Sci. Urban Econ. 33, 127\u2013137 (2003)","journal-title":"Reg. Sci. Urban Econ."},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4371(95)00069-J","volume":"216","author":"S Havlin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Havlin, S. The distance between Zipf plots. Physica A 216, 148\u2013150 (1995)","journal-title":"Physica A"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1080\/00420989550012960","volume":"32","author":"F Guerin-Pace","year":"1995","unstructured":"Guerin-Pace, F. Rank-size distribution and the process of urban growth. Urban Stud. 32, 551\u2013562 (1995)","journal-title":"Urban Stud."},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR15","volume-title":"Urban Growth: An Approach","author":"BT Robson","year":"1972","unstructured":"Robson, B. T. Urban Growth: An Approach (Methuen, London, 1972)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR16","volume-title":"Statistical Decomposition Analysis","author":"H Theil","year":"1972","unstructured":"Theil, H. Statistical Decomposition Analysis (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1972)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.1976.tb00525.x","volume":"8","author":"M Batty","year":"1976","unstructured":"Batty, M. Entropy in spatial aggregation. Geogr. Anal. 8, 1\u201321 (1976)","journal-title":"Geogr. Anal."},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195159769.001.0001","volume-title":"Nonextensive Entropy-Interdisciplinary Applications","author":"M Gell-Mann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gell-Mann, M. & Tsallis, C. Nonextensive Entropy-Interdisciplinary Applications (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 2004)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR19","volume-title":"Historical Dynamics: Why States Rise and Fall","author":"P Turchin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Turchin, P. Historical Dynamics: Why States Rise and Fall (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2003)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1162\/003355399556133","volume":"114","author":"X Gabaix","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gabaix, X. Zipf's law for cities: An explanation. Q. J. Econ. 114, 739\u2013767 (1999)","journal-title":"Q. J. Econ."},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR21","first-page":"431","volume":"7","author":"D Sornette","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sornette, D. & Cont, R. Convergent multiplicative processes repelled from zero: Power laws and truncated power laws. J. Phys. I (Paris) 7, 431\u2013444 (1997)","journal-title":"J. Phys. I (Paris)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-4127-6","volume-title":"Hierarchy in Natural and Social Sciences","author":"D Pumain","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pumain, D. in Hierarchy in Natural and Social Sciences (ed. Pumain, D.) 169\u2013222 (Springer, Dordrecht, 2006)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR23","volume-title":"Les In\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00c9conomiques","author":"R Gibrat","year":"1931","unstructured":"Gibrat, R. Les In\u00e9galit\u00e9s \u00c9conomiques (Librarie du Recueil, Sirey, Paris, 1931)"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.60.1299","volume":"60","author":"O Malcai","year":"1999","unstructured":"Malcai, O., Biham, O. & Solomon, S. Power-law distributions and Levy-stable intermittent fluctuations in stochastic systems of many autocatalytic elements. Phys. Rev. E 60, 1299\u20131303 (1999)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"BFnature05302_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258703","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.89.258703","volume":"89","author":"PL Krapivsky","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krapivsky, P. L. & Redner, S. Statistics of changes in lead node in connectivity-driven networks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 258703 (2002)","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature05302.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature05302","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature05302.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T18:00:16Z","timestamp":1684432816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature05302"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7119","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnature05302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature05302","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}}}