{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:32:07Z","timestamp":1792153927109,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7161","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,1]],"date-time":"2007-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1188604800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nature06159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,12]],"date-time":"2007-09-12T13:05:25Z","timestamp":1189602325000},"page":"473-477","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":441,"title":["Conversion of mature B cells into T cells by dedifferentiation to uncommitted progenitors"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"449","author":[{"given":"C\u00e9sar","family":"Cobaleda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Jochum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meinrad","family":"Busslinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnature06159_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81692-X","volume":"100","author":"IL Weissman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Weissman, I. L. Stem cells: units of development, units of regeneration, and units of evolution. Cell 100, 157\u2013168 (2000)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1038\/44076","volume":"401","author":"SL Nutt","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nutt, S. L., Heavey, B., Rolink, A. G. & Busslinger, M. Commitment to the B-lymphoid lineage depends on the transcription factor Pax5. Nature 401, 556\u2013562 (1999)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/44164","volume":"401","author":"AG Rolink","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rolink, A. G., Nutt, S. L., Melchers, F. & Busslinger, M. Long-term in vivo reconstitution of T-cell development by Pax5-deficient B-cell progenitors. Nature 401, 603\u2013606 (1999)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(01)00153-4","volume":"14","author":"M Horcher","year":"2001","unstructured":"Horcher, M., Souabni, A. & Busslinger, M. Pax5\/BSAP maintains the identity of B cells in late B lymphopoiesis. Immunity 14, 779\u2013790 (2001)","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1454","volume":"8","author":"C Cobaleda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cobaleda, C., Schebesta, A., Delogu, A. & Busslinger, M. Pax5: the guardian of B cell identity and function. Nature Immunol. 8, 463\u2013470 (2007)","journal-title":"Nature Immunol."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.6.1317","volume":"25","author":"RC Rickert","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rickert, R. C., Roes, J. & Rajewsky, K. B lymphocyte-specific, Cre-mediated mutagenesis in mice. Nucleic Acids Res. 25, 1317\u20131318 (1997)","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.01.012","volume":"24","author":"A Delogu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Delogu, A. et al. Gene repression by Pax5 in B cells is essential for blood cell homeostasis and is reversed in plasma cells. Immunity 24, 269\u2013281 (2006)","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1396206","volume":"20","author":"ML Holmes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Holmes, M. L., Carotta, S., Corcoran, L. M. & Nutt, S. L. Repression of Flt3 by Pax5 is crucial for B-cell lineage commitment. Genes Dev. 20, 933\u2013938 (2006)","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.291504","volume":"18","author":"M Fuxa","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fuxa, M. et al. Pax5 induces V-to-DJ rearrangements and locus contraction of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene. Genes Dev. 18, 411\u2013422 (2004)","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4858","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.8.4858","volume":"172","author":"H Sato","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sato, H., Saito-Ohara, F., Inazawa, J. & Kudo, A. Pax-5 is essential for \u03ba sterile transcription during Ig\u03ba chain gene rearrangement. J. Immunol. 172, 4858\u20134865 (2004)","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/26.6.1427","volume":"26","author":"F Schwenk","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schwenk, F., K\u00fchn, R., Angrand, P.-O., Rajewsky, K. & Stewart, A. F. Temporally and spatially regulated somatic mutagenesis in mice. Nucleic Acids Res. 26, 1427\u20131432 (1998)","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9125","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.19.9125","volume":"90","author":"T Sudo","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sudo, T. et al. Expression and function of the interleukin 7 receptor in murine lymphocytes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 90, 9125\u20139129 (1993)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2319","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.8.2319","volume":"17","author":"SL Nutt","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nutt, S. L., Morrison, A. M., D\u00f6rfler, P., Rolink, A. & Busslinger, M. Identification of BSAP (Pax-5) target genes in early B-cell development by loss- and gain-of-function experiments. EMBO J. 17, 2319\u20132333 (1998)","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.2.472","volume":"99","author":"C Schaniel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schaniel, C., Bruno, L., Melchers, F. & Rolink, A. G. Multiple hematopoietic cell lineages develop in vivo from transplanted Pax5-deficient pre-B I-cell clones. Blood 99, 472\u2013478 (2002)","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1604321","volume":"256","author":"KL Philpott","year":"1992","unstructured":"Philpott, K. L. et al. Lymphoid development in mice congenitally lacking T cell receptor \u03b1\u03b2-expressing cells. Science 256, 1448\u20131452 (1992)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00419-2","volume":"117","author":"H Xie","year":"2004","unstructured":"Xie, H., Ye, M., Feng, R. & Graf, T. Stepwise reprogramming of B cells into macrophages. Cell 117, 663\u2013676 (2004)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05934","volume":"448","author":"K Okita","year":"2007","unstructured":"Okita, K., Ichisaka, T. & Yamanaka, S. Generation of germline-competent induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature 448, 313\u2013317 (2007)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05944","volume":"448","author":"M Wernig","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wernig, M. et al. In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES-cell-like state. Nature 448, 318\u2013324 (2007)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067518","volume":"297","author":"I Mikkola","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mikkola, I., Heavey, B., Horcher, M. & Busslinger, M. Reversion of B cell commitment upon loss of Pax5 expression. Science 297, 110\u2013113 (2002)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4781","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.12.4781","volume":"87","author":"I F\u00f6rster","year":"1990","unstructured":"F\u00f6rster, I. & Rajewsky, K. The bulk of the peripheral B-cell pool in mice is stable and not rapidly renewed from the bone marrow. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87, 4781\u20134784 (1990)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3738","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199811)28:11<3738::AID-IMMU3738>3.0.CO;2-Q","volume":"28","author":"AG Rolink","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rolink, A. G., Andersson, J. & Melchers, F. Characterization of immature B cells by a novel monoclonal antibody, by turnover and by mitogen reactivity. Eur. J. Immunol. 28, 3738\u20133748 (1998)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.05.019","volume":"27","author":"A Schebesta","year":"2007","unstructured":"Schebesta, A. et al. Transcription factor Pax5 activates the chromatin of key genes involved in B cell signaling, adhesion, migration and immune function. Immunity 27, 49\u201363 (2007)","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1572","volume":"5","author":"M Shapiro-Shelef","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shapiro-Shelef, M. & Calame, K. Regulation of plasma-cell development. Nature Rev. Immunol. 5, 230\u2013242 (2005)","journal-title":"Nature Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05690","volume":"446","author":"CG Mullighan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mullighan, C. G. et al. Genome-wide analysis of genetic alterations in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Nature 446, 758\u2013764 (2007)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2760","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.8.2760","volume":"99","author":"C Schaniel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schaniel, C., Gottar, M., Roosnek, E., Melchers, F. & Rolink, A. G. Extensive in vivo self-renewal, long-term reconstitution capacity, and hematopoietic multipotency of Pax5-deficient precursor B-cell clones. Blood 99, 2760\u20132766 (2002)","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.58.062105.204854","volume":"58","author":"P Dalerba","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dalerba, P., Cho, R. W. & Clarke, M. F. Cancer stem cells: models and concepts. Annu. Rev. Med. 58, 267\u2013284 (2007)","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1099","volume":"33","author":"M Nicolas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nicolas, M. et al. Notch1 functions as a tumor suppressor in mouse skin. Nature Genet. 33, 416\u2013421 (2003)","journal-title":"Nature Genet."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102160","volume":"306","author":"AP Weng","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weng, A. P. et al. Activating mutations of NOTCH1 in human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Science 306, 269\u2013271 (2004)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.122.3.685","volume":"122","author":"AE Grigoriadis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Grigoriadis, A. E., Schellander, K., Wang, Z.-Q. & Wagner, E. F. Osteoblasts are target cells for transformation in c-fos transgenic mice. J. Cell Biol. 122, 685\u2013701 (1993)","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S1535-6108(03)00280-0","volume":"4","author":"A Fleischmann","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fleischmann, A., Jochum, W., Eferl, R., Witowsky, J. & Wagner, E. F. Rhabdomyosarcoma development in mice lacking Trp53 and Fos: tumor suppression by the Fos protooncogene. Cancer Cell 4, 477\u2013482 (2003)","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90079-5","volume":"79","author":"P Urb\u00e1nek","year":"1994","unstructured":"Urb\u00e1nek, P., Wang, Z.-Q., Fetka, I., Wagner, E. F. & Busslinger, M. Complete block of early B cell differentiation and altered patterning of the posterior midbrain in mice lacking Pax5\/BSAP. Cell 79, 901\u2013912 (1994)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90029-C","volume":"68","author":"Y Shinkai","year":"1992","unstructured":"Shinkai, Y. et al. RAG-2-deficient mice lack mature lymphocytes owing to inability to initiate V(D)J rearrangement. Cell 68, 855\u2013867 (1992)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1038\/376352a0","volume":"376","author":"RC Rickert","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rickert, R. C., Rajewsky, K. & Roes, J. Impairment of T-cell-dependent B-cell responses and B-1 cell development in CD19-deficient mice. Nature 376, 352\u2013355 (1995)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90362-3","volume":"67","author":"A Strasser","year":"1991","unstructured":"Strasser, A., Harris, A. W. & Cory, S. bcl-2 transgene inhibits T cell death and perturbs thymic self-censorship. Cell 67, 889\u2013899 (1991)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.173.3.711","volume":"173","author":"MS Schlissel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Schlissel, M. S., Corcoran, L. M. & Baltimore, D. Virus-transformed pre-B cells show ordered activation but not inactivation of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and transcription. J. Exp. Med. 173, 711\u2013720 (1991)","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.5.2239","volume":"96","author":"AC Shaw","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shaw, A. C., Swat, W., Davidson, L. & Alt, F. W. Induction of Ig light chain gene rearrangement in heavy chain-deficient B cells by activated Ras. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 2239\u20132243 (1999)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00330-8","volume":"16","author":"A Wolfer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wolfer, A., Wilson, A., Nemir, M., MacDonald, H. R. & Radtke, F. Inactivation of Notch1 impairs VDJ\u03b2 rearrangement and allows pre-TCR-independent survival of early \u03b1\u03b2 lineage thymocytes. Immunity 16, 869\u2013879 (2002)","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.06.010","volume":"21","author":"AL Shaffer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shaffer, A. L. et al. XBP1, downstream of Blimp-1, expands the secretory apparatus and other organelles, and increases protein synthesis in plasma cell differentiation. Immunity 21, 81\u201393 (2004)","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR39","volume-title":"The AGT Cytogenetic Laboratory Manual","author":"MJ Barch","year":"1997","unstructured":"Barch, M. J., Knutsen, T. & Spurbeck, J. L. The AGT Cytogenetic Laboratory Manual (Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1997)"},{"key":"BFnature06159_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2006.01.005","volume":"21","author":"S Franco","year":"2006","unstructured":"Franco, S. et al. H2AX prevents DNA breaks from progressing to chromosome breaks and translocations. Mol. Cell 21, 201\u2013214 (2006)","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature06159.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature06159","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature06159.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T14:08:41Z","timestamp":1684418921000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature06159"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7161","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnature06159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature06159","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1091873.545195","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]}}}