{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:55:08Z","timestamp":1793300108518,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7286","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nature08905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,9]],"date-time":"2010-03-09T15:03:44Z","timestamp":1268147024000},"page":"271-274","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":620,"title":["A large atomic chlorine source inferred from mid-continental reactive nitrogen chemistry"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"464","author":[{"given":"Joel A.","family":"Thornton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Kercher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theran P.","family":"Riedel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas L.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Cozic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S.","family":"Holloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William P.","family":"Dub\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn M.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia K.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann M.","family":"Middlebrook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Becky","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven S.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFnature08905_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7732","DOI":"10.1021\/jp051354l","volume":"109","author":"DL Donohoue","year":"2005","unstructured":"Donohoue, D. L., Bauer, D. & Hynes, A. J. Temperature and pressure dependent rate coefficients for the reaction of Hg with Cl and the reaction of Cl with Cl: a pulsed laser photolysis-pulsed laser induced fluorescence study. J. Phys. Chem. A 109, 7732\u20137741 (2005)","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. A"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-4-2393-2004","volume":"4","author":"U Platt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Platt, U., Allan, W. & Lowe, D. Hemispheric average Cl atom concentration from 13C\/12C ratios in atmospheric methane. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 4, 2393\u20132399 (2004)","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1021\/es025793z","volume":"37","author":"EM Knipping","year":"2003","unstructured":"Knipping, E. M. & Dabdub, D. Impact of chlorine emissions from sea-salt aerosol on coastal urban ozone. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37, 275\u2013284 (2003)","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR4","first-page":"21","volume-title":"The Atmosphere","author":"R Von Glasow","year":"2007","unstructured":"Von Glasow, R. & Crutzen, P. J. in The Atmosphere (ed. Keeling, R. F.) 21\u201364 (Oxford Univ. Press, 2007)"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo177","volume":"1","author":"HD Osthoff","year":"2008","unstructured":"Osthoff, H. D. et al. High levels of nitryl chloride in the polluted subtropical marine boundary layer. Nature Geosci. 1, 324\u2013328 (2008)","journal-title":"Nature Geosci."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D04306","DOI":"10.1029\/2006JD007369","volume":"112","author":"W Allan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Allan, W., Struthers, H. & Lowe, D. C. Methane carbon isotope effects caused by atomic chlorine in the marine boundary layer: global model results compared with Southern Hemisphere measurements. J. Geophys. Res. D 112 D04306 10.1029\/2006JD007369 (2007)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. D"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/337241a0","volume":"337","author":"BJ Finlayson-Pitts","year":"1989","unstructured":"Finlayson-Pitts, B. J., Ezell, M. J. & Pitts, J. N. Formation of chemically active chlorine compounds by reactions of atmospheric NaCl particles with gaseous N2O5 and ClONO2 . Nature 337, 241\u2013244 (1989)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3795","DOI":"10.1029\/96JD03057","volume":"102","author":"W Behnke","year":"1997","unstructured":"Behnke, W., George, C., Scheer, V. & Zetzsch, C. Production and decay of ClNO2 from the reaction of gaseous N2O5 with NaCl solution: bulk and aerosol experiments. J. Geophys. Res. D 102, 3795\u20133804 (1997)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. D"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1029\/94GB03103","volume":"9","author":"TE Graedel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Graedel, T. E. & Keene, W. C. Tropospheric budget of reactive chlorine. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 9, 47\u201377 (1995)","journal-title":"Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.5194\/amt-2-193-2009","volume":"2","author":"J Kercher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kercher, J., Riedel, T. & Thornton, J. Chlorine activation by N2O5: simultaneous, in situ detection of ClNO2 and N2O5 by chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Atmos. Meas. Techn. 2, 193\u2013204 (2009)","journal-title":"Atmos. Meas. Techn."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L11813","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL02976","volume":"34","author":"S Pechtl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pechtl, S. & von Glasow, R. Reactive chlorine in the marine boundary layer in the outflow of polluted continental air: a model study. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34 L11813 10.1029\/2007GL02976 (2007)","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7210","DOI":"10.1029\/JC086iC08p07210","volume":"86","author":"JA Logan","year":"1981","unstructured":"Logan, J. A., Prather, M. J., Wofsy, S. C. & McElroy, M. B. Tropospheric chemistry: a global perspective. J. Geophys. Res. 86, 7210\u20137254 (1981)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5043","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-9-5043-2009","volume":"9","author":"B Alexander","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alexander, B. et al. Quantifying atmospheric nitrate formation pathways based on a global model of the oxygen isotopic composition (\u039417O) of atmospheric nitrate. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 5043\u20135056 (2009)","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3891","DOI":"10.1021\/j150625a036","volume":"85","author":"HH Nelson","year":"1981","unstructured":"Nelson, H. H. & Johnston, H. S. Kinetics of the reaction of Cl with ClNO and ClNO2 and the photochemistry of ClNO2 . J. Phys. Chem. 85, 3891\u20133896 (1981)","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaridenv.2008.05.006","volume":"72","author":"J Abuduwailli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abuduwailli, J., Gabchenko, M. V. & Xu, J. R. Eolian transport of salts \u2014 a case study in the area of Lake Ebinur (Xinjiang, Northwest China). J. Arid Environ. 72, 1843\u20131852 (2008)","journal-title":"J. Arid Environ."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4593","DOI":"10.1039\/b307498f","volume":"5","author":"JA Thornton","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thornton, J. A., Braban, C. F. & Abbatt, J. P. D. N2O5 hydrolysis on sub-micron organic aerosols: the effect of relative humidity, particle phase, and particle size. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5, 4593\u20134603 (2003)","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4207","DOI":"10.1029\/2001JD000451","volume":"107","author":"AS Wexler","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wexler, A. S. & Clegg, S. L. Atmospheric aerosol models for systems including the ions H+, NH4 +, Na+, SO4 2-, NO3 -,Cl-, Br-, and H2O. J. Geophys. Res. D 107 4207 10.1029\/2001JD000451 (2002)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. D"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L20808","DOI":"10.1029\/2009GL040448","volume":"36","author":"JM Roberts","year":"2009","unstructured":"Roberts, J. M., Osthoff, H. D., Brown, S. S. & Ravishankara, A. R. Laboratory measurements of ClNO2 yields from N2O5 reactions as a function of chloride molarity in various inorganic salt solutions. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36 L20808 10.1029\/2009GL040448 (2009)","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4499","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-8-4499-2008","volume":"8","author":"RC Moffet","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moffet, R. C., de Foy, B., Molina, L. T., Molina, M. J. & Prather, K. A. Measurement of ambient aerosols in northern Mexico City by single particle mass spectrometry. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8, 4499\u20134516 (2008)","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1029\/98GL01591","volume":"25","author":"WC Keene","year":"1998","unstructured":"Keene, W. C. & Savoie, D. L. The pH of deliquesced sea-salt aerosol in polluted marine air. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 2181\u20132184 (1998)","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR21","first-page":"33","volume-title":"The Climate System","author":"JGJ Olivier","year":"2001","unstructured":"Olivier, J. G. J. & Berdowski, J. J. M. in The Climate System (eds Berdowski, J., Guicherit, R. & Heij, B. J.) 33\u201378 (Balkema, and Swets and Zeitlinger, Lisse, The Netherlands, 2001)"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR22","unstructured":"National Atmospheric Deposition Program Office. National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NRSP-3) (Illinois State Water Survey, Champaign, Illinois, 2010)"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1029\/93JD02916","volume":"99","author":"WC Malm","year":"1994","unstructured":"Malm, W. C., Sisler, J. F., Huffman, D., Eldred, R. A. & Cahill, T. A. Spatial and seasonal trends in particle concentration and optical extinction in the United States. J. Geophys. Res. D 99, 1347\u20131370 (1994)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. D"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8347","DOI":"10.1029\/98JD01384","volume":"104","author":"DJ Erickson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Erickson, D. J., Seuzaret, C., Keene, W. C. & Gong, S. L. A general circulation model based calculation of HCl and ClNO2 production from sea salt dechlorination: reactive chlorine emissions inventory. J. Geophys. Res. D 104, 8347\u20138372 (1999)","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res. D"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L13801","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL029979","volume":"34","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhang, Q. et al. Ubiquity and dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in anthropogenically-influenced Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34 L13801 10.1029\/2007GL029979 (2007)","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L19803","DOI":"10.1029\/2009GL040248","volume":"36","author":"TH Bertram","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bertram, T. H. et al. Direct measurements of N2O5 reactivity on ambient aerosol particles. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36 L19803 10.1029\/2009GL040248 (2009)","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1120120","volume":"311","author":"SS Brown","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brown, S. S. et al. Variability in nocturnal nitrogen oxide processing and its role in regional air quality. Science 311, 67\u201370 (2006)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1029\/GL008i008p00941","volume":"8","author":"HB Singh","year":"1981","unstructured":"Singh, H. B. & Hanst, P. L. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the unpolluted atmosphere \u2014 an important reservoir for nitrogen oxides. Geophys. Res. Lett. 8, 941\u2013944 (1981)","journal-title":"Geophys. Res. Lett."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4329","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-7-4329-2007","volume":"7","author":"AM Grannas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grannas, A. M. et al. An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7, 4329\u20134373 (2007)","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"BFnature08905_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1174760","volume":"326","author":"DT Shindell","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shindell, D. T. et al. Improved attribution of climate forcing to emissions. Science 326, 716\u2013718 (2009)","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature08905.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature08905","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature08905.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T18:32:27Z","timestamp":1684434747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature08905"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7286","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnature08905"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature08905","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]}}}