{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:07:37Z","timestamp":1791234457993,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7440","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nature12005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]],"date-time":"2013-03-12T10:32:26Z","timestamp":1363084346000},"page":"251-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1817,"title":["Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a functional receptor for the emerging human coronavirus-EMC"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"495","author":[{"given":"V. Stalin","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huihui","family":"Mou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saskia L.","family":"Smits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dick H. W.","family":"Dekkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel A.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Dijkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doreen","family":"Muth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen A. A.","family":"Demmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron A. M.","family":"Fouchier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Drosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J. M.","family":"Rottier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert D. M. E.","family":"Osterhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berend Jan","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart L.","family":"Haagmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnature12005_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.69.4.635-664.2005","volume":"69","author":"SR Weiss","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weiss, S. R. & Navas-Martin, S. Coronavirus pathogenesis and the emerging pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 69, 635\u2013664 (2005)","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S88","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1143","volume":"10","author":"JSM Peiris","year":"2004","unstructured":"Peiris, J. S. M., Guan, Y. & Yuen, K. Y. Severe acute respiratory syndrome. Nature Med. 10, S88\u2013S97 (2004)","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","volume":"367","author":"AM Zaki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zaki, A. M., van Boheemen, S., Bestebroer, T. M., Osterhaus, A. D. & Fouchier, R. A. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N. Engl. J. Med. 367, 1814\u20131820 (2012)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20290","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.40.20290-en","volume":"17","author":"A Bermingham","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bermingham, A. et al. Severe respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus, in a patient transferred to the United Kingdom from the Middle East, September 2012. Euro Surveill. 17, 20290 (2012)","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00473","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00473-12","volume":"3","author":"S van Boheemen","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Boheemen, S. et al. Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans. mBio 3, e00473\u201312 (2012)","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01394-09","volume":"84","author":"RL Graham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Graham, R. L. & Baric, R. S. Recombination, reservoirs, and the modular spike: mechanisms of coronavirus cross-species transmission. J. Virol. 84, 3134\u20133146 (2010)","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1118391","volume":"310","author":"W Li","year":"2005","unstructured":"Li, W. et al. Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. Science 310, 676\u2013679 (2005)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR8","unstructured":"World Health Organisation Interim surveillance recommendations for human infection with novel coronavirus. http:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/don\/2013_02_21\/en\/index.html (21 February 2013)"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11336","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00650-10","volume":"84","author":"JF Drexler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Drexler, J. F. et al. Genomic characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus in European bats and classification of coronaviruses based on partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene sequences. J. Virol. 84, 11336\u201311349 (2010)","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5533","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.13.5533","volume":"88","author":"RK Williams","year":"1991","unstructured":"Williams, R. K., Jiang, G. S. & Holmes, K. V. Receptor for mouse hepatitis virus is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family of glycoproteins. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 88, 5533\u20135536 (1991)","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/357420a0","volume":"357","author":"CL Yeager","year":"1992","unstructured":"Yeager, C. L. et al. Human aminopeptidase N is a receptor for human coronavirus 229E. Nature 357, 420\u2013422 (1992)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/357417a0","volume":"357","author":"B Delmas","year":"1992","unstructured":"Delmas, B. et al. Aminopeptidase N is a major receptor for the entero-pathogenic coronavirus TGEV. Nature 357, 417\u2013420 (1992)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02145","volume":"426","author":"W Li","year":"2003","unstructured":"Li, W. et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature 426, 450\u2013454 (2003)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-73-4-901","volume":"73","author":"B Schultze","year":"1992","unstructured":"Schultze, B. & Herrler, G. Bovine coronavirus uses N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid as a receptor determinant to initiate the infection of cultured cells. J. Gen. Virol. 73, 901\u2013906 (1992)","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00515","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00515-12","volume":"3","author":"MA M\u00fcller","year":"2012","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, M. A. et al. Human coronavirus EMC does not require the SARS-coronavirus receptor and maintains broad replicative capability in mammalian cell lines. mBio 3, e00515\u201312 (2012)","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/713609354","volume":"40","author":"AM Lambeir","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lambeir, A. M., Durinx, C., Scharpe, S. & De Meester, I. Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV from bench to bedside: an update on structural properties, functions, and clinical aspects of the enzyme DPP IV. Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci. 40, 209\u2013294 (2003)","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1078\/0171-9335-00302","volume":"82","author":"E Boonacker","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boonacker, E. & Van Noorden, C. J. The multifunctional or moonlighting protein CD26\/DPPIV. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 82, 53\u201373 (2003)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2007.03.013","volume":"133","author":"AC Sims","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sims, A. C., Burkett, S. E., Yount, B. & Pickles, R. J. SARS-CoV replication and pathogenesis in an in vitro model of the human conducting airway epithelium. Virus Res. 133, 33\u201344 (2008)","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12816","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00906-12","volume":"86","author":"J Huynh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huynh, J. et al. Evidence supporting a zoonotic origin of human coronavirus strain NL63. J. Virol. 86, 12816\u201312825 (2012)","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8904","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.325803","volume":"287","author":"K Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu, K., Peng, G., Wilken, M., Geraghty, R. J. & Li, F. Mechanisms of host receptor adaptation by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J. Biol. Chem. 287, 8904\u20138911 (2012)","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116480","volume":"309","author":"F Li","year":"2005","unstructured":"Li, F., Li, W., Farzan, M. & Harrison, S. C. Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor-binding domain complexed with receptor. Science 309, 1864\u20131868 (2005)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1267","volume":"11","author":"K Kuba","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kuba, K. et al. A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury. Nature Med. 11, 875\u2013879 (2005)","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03712","volume":"436","author":"Y Imai","year":"2005","unstructured":"Imai, Y. et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure. Nature 436, 112\u2013116 (2005)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10366","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01035-10","volume":"84","author":"BJ Bosch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bosch, B. J. et al. Recombinant soluble, multimeric HA and NA exhibit distinctive types of protection against pandemic swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus infection in ferrets. J. Virol. 84, 10366\u201310374 (2010)","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2010.02.014","volume":"6","author":"DL van den Berg","year":"2010","unstructured":"van den Berg, D. L. et al. An Oct4-centered protein interaction network in embryonic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 6, 369\u2013381 (2010)","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"BFnature12005_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dijkman, R. et al. Isolation and characterization of current human coronavirus strains in primary human epithelia cultures reveals differences in target cell tropism. J. Virol. http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.03368-12 (2013)","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03368-12"}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12005.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12005","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12005.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T14:09:47Z","timestamp":1684418987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7440","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnature12005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12005","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.717997711.793474262","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 December 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 February 2013","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2013","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"V.S.R., B.J.B., R.A.M.F., A.D.M.E.O. and B.L.H. are inventors on a patent application related to this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}