{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:12:07Z","timestamp":1791569527774,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7459","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nature12379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,2]],"date-time":"2013-07-02T12:35:46Z","timestamp":1372768546000},"page":"500-503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":320,"title":["Biological features of novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"499","author":[{"given":"Jianfang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongbao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baihui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingdong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonglin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenfei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumei","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junfeng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libo","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hejiang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leying","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Bo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongkun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuilin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuquan","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weizhong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George F.","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guizhen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dexin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuelong","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnature12379_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1304459","volume":"368","author":"R Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao, R. et al. Human infection with a novel avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus. N. Engl. J. Med. 368, 1888\u20131897 (2013)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. \n                    http:\/\/www.who.int\/influenza\/human_animal_interface\/influenza_h7n9\/en\/index.html\n                    \n                   (accessed, 31 May 2013)"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1305584","volume":"368","author":"HN Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao, H. N. et al. Clinical findings in 111 cases of influenza A (H7N9) virus infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 368, 2277\u20132285 (2013)","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, Q. et al. Preliminary report: epidemiology of the avian influenza A (H7N9) outbreak in China. N. Engl. J. Med.. \n                    http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1304617\n                    \n                   (24 April 2013)","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1304617"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1375","volume":"26","author":"A Chandrasekaran","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chandrasekaran, A. et al. Glycan topology determines human adaptation of avian H5N1 virus hemagglutinin. Nature Biotechnol. 26, 107\u2013113 (2008)","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1994.1615","volume":"205","author":"RJ Connor","year":"1994","unstructured":"Connor, R. J., Kawaoka, Y., Webster, R. G. & Paulson, J. C. Receptor specificity in human, avian, and equine H2 and H3 influenza virus isolates. Virology 205, 17\u201323 (1994)","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8502","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.18.8502-8512.2000","volume":"74","author":"M Matrosovich","year":"2000","unstructured":"Matrosovich, M. et al. Early alterations of the receptor-binding properties of H1, H2, and H3 avian influenza virus hemagglutinins after their introduction into mammals. J. Virol. 74, 8502\u20138512 (2000)","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49597","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049597","volume":"8","author":"K Srinivasan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Srinivasan, K., Raman, R., Jayaraman, A., Viswanathan, K. & Sasisekharan, R. Quantitative description of glycan-receptor binding of influenza a virus h7 hemagglutinin. PLoS ONE 8, e49597 (2013)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1610.100508","volume":"16","author":"CA Nidom","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nidom, C. A. et al. Influenza A (H5N1) viruses from pigs, Indonesia. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 16, 1515\u20131523 (2010)","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1001081","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001081","volume":"6","author":"H Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang, H., Chen, L. M., Carney, P. J., Donis, R. O. & Stevens, J. Structures of receptor complexes of a North American H7N2 influenza hemagglutinin with a loop deletion in the receptor binding site. PLoS Pathog. 6, e1001081 (2010)","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05264","volume":"444","author":"S Yamada","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yamada, S. et al. Haemagglutinin mutations responsible for the binding of H5N1 influenza A viruses to human-type receptors. Nature 444, 378\u2013382 (2006)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1213362","volume":"336","author":"S Herfst","year":"2012","unstructured":"Herfst, S. et al. Airborne transmission of influenza A\/H5N1 virus between ferrets. Science 336, 1534\u20131541 (2012)","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10831","volume":"486","author":"M Imai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Imai, M. et al. Experimental adaptation of an influenza H5 HA confers respiratory droplet transmission to a reassortant H5 HA\/H1N1 virus in ferrets. Nature 486, 420\u2013428 (2012)","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003223","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003223","volume":"9","author":"T Walther","year":"2013","unstructured":"Walther, T. et al. Glycomic analysis of human respiratory tract tissues and correlation with influenza virus infection. PLoS Pathog. 9, e1003223 (2013)","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34016","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.115998","volume":"285","author":"AC Bateman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bateman, A. C. et al. Glycan analysis and influenza A virus infection of primary swine respiratory epithelial cells: the importance of NeuAc\u03b12\u20136 glycans. J. Biol. Chem. 285, 34016\u201334026 (2010)","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200701-018AW","volume":"4","author":"AM Pastva","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pastva, A. M., Wright, J. R. & Williams, K. L. Immunomodulatory roles of surfactant proteins A and D: implications in lung disease. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc. 4, 252\u2013257 (2007)","journal-title":"Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61515-3","volume":"370","author":"J Gu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gu, J. et al. H5N1 infection of the respiratory tract and beyond: a molecular pathology study. Lancet 370, 1137\u20131145 (2007)","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1477","volume":"12","author":"MD de Jong","year":"2006","unstructured":"de Jong, M. D. et al. Fatal outcome of human influenza A (H5N1) is associated with high viral load and hypercytokinemia. Nature Med. 12, 1203\u20131207 (2006)","journal-title":"Nature Med."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Writing Committee of the Second World Health Organization Consultation on Clinical Aspects of Human Infection with Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus. Update on avian influenza A (H5N1) virus infection in humans. N. Engl. J. Med. 358, 261\u2013273 (2008)","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0707279"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60903-4","volume":"381","author":"Y Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen, Y. et al. Human infections with the emerging avian influenza A H7N9 virus from wet market poultry: clinical analysis and characterisation of viral genome. Lancet 381, 1916\u20131925 (2013)","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(00)00199-8","volume":"121","author":"R Tarazona","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tarazona, R. et al. Increased expression of NK cell markers on T lymphocytes in aging and chronic activation of the immune system reflects the accumulation of effector\/senescent T cells. Mech. Ageing Dev. 121, 77\u201388 (2001)","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.061177","volume":"171","author":"CM Freeman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Freeman, C. M., Curtis, J. L. & Chensue, S. W. CC chemokine receptor 5 and CXC chemokine receptor 6 expression by lung CD8+ cells correlates with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity. Am. J. Pathol. 171, 767\u2013776 (2007)","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2107139","volume":"165","author":"M Saetta","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saetta, M. et al. Increased expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligand CXCL10 in peripheral airways of smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 165, 1404\u20131409 (2002)","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.11.1.229-234.2004","volume":"11","author":"S Shalekoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shalekoff, S., Gray, G. E. & Tiemessen, C. T. Age-related changes in expression of CXCR4 and CCR5 on peripheral blood leukocytes from uninfected infants born to human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected mothers. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 11, 229\u2013234 (2004)","journal-title":"Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hu, Y. et al. Association between adverse clinical outcome in human disease caused by novel influenza A H7N9 virus and sustained viral shedding and emergence of antiviral resistance. Lancet\n                    http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61125-3\n                    \n                   (29 May 2013)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61125-3"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0909-797","volume":"27","author":"RA Childs","year":"2009","unstructured":"Childs, R. A. et al. Receptor-binding specificity of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus determined by carbohydrate microarray. Nature Biotechnol. 27, 797\u2013799 (2009)","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR27","first-page":"493","volume":"27","author":"LJ Reed","year":"1938","unstructured":"Reed, L. J. & Muench, H. A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am. J. Hyg. 27, 493\u2013497 (1938)","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR28","unstructured":"WHO. Collaborating Centers from Reference and Research on Influenza. Concepts and Procedures for Laboratory-Based Influenza Surveillance 17\u201335 (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1982)"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR29","unstructured":"WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network. Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza; \n                    http:\/\/whqlibdoc.who.int\/publications\/2011\/9789241548090_eng.pdf"},{"key":"BFnature12379_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(02)00323-4","volume":"92","author":"CS Goldsmith","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goldsmith, C. S. et al. Elucidation of Nipah virus morphogenesis and replication using ultrastructural and molecular approaches. Virus Res. 92, 89\u201398 (2003)","journal-title":"Virus Res."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12379.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12379","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12379.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T14:13:50Z","timestamp":1684419230000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12379"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7459","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnature12379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12379","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.718029266.793480093","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 May 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2013","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2013","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2013","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Spelling of author J.Z. was corrected.","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}