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Here, we show that\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    inhibits caspase-1 activation in primary mouse macrophages. By using co-infection experiments, we determine that the infection of macrophages with\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    inhibits the caspase-11-mediated non-canonical activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome induced by subsequent infection with\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>Legionella pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Genetic screening using flagellin mutants of\n                    <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a surrogate host, reveals a novel\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene (IcaA) involved in the inhibition of caspase activation. Expression of IcaA in\n                    <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    inhibited the caspase-11 activation in macrophages. Moreover,\n                    <jats:italic>icaA<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>-<\/jats:sup>\n                    mutants of\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    failed to suppress the caspase-11-mediated inflammasome activation induced by\n                    <jats:italic>L. pneumophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Our data reveal IcaA as a novel\n                    <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    effector protein that is secreted by the Dot\/Icm type IV secretion system and interferes with the caspase-11-induced, non-canonical activation of the inflammasome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]],"date-time":"2015-12-21T05:24:06Z","timestamp":1450675446000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Inhibition of inflammasome activation by Coxiella burnetii type IV secretion system effector IcaA"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Larissa D.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana M.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talita D.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liliana M.","family":"Massis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen Ai","family":"Khoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer H.","family":"Moffatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayley J.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig R.","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario S.","family":"Zamboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncomms10205_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1989.054.01.003","volume":"54","author":"CA Janeway Jr","year":"1989","unstructured":"Janeway, C. 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