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Its hormonal responses to positive and negative regulators are indispensable for homeostasis. For this reason, generating human anterior pituitary tissue that retains regulatory hormonal control\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an important step for the development of cell transplantation therapy for pituitary diseases. Here we achieve this by recapitulating mouse pituitary development using human embryonic stem cells. We find that anterior pituitary self-forms\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    following the co-induction of hypothalamic and oral ectoderm. The juxtaposition of these tissues facilitated the formation of pituitary placode, which subsequently differentiated into pituitary hormone-producing cells. They responded normally to both releasing and feedback signals. In addition, after transplantation into hypopituitary mice, the\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    -generated corticotrophs rescued physical activity levels and survival of the hosts. Thus, we report a useful methodology for the production of regulator-responsive human pituitary tissue that may benefit future studies in regenerative medicine.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]],"date-time":"2016-01-14T09:14:36Z","timestamp":1452762876000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":201,"title":["Functional anterior pituitary generated in self-organizing culture of human embryonic stem cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Chikafumi","family":"Ozone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Suga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mototsugu","family":"Eiraku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Kadoshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigenobu","family":"Yonemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nozomu","family":"Takata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Oiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiki","family":"Sasai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncomms10351_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009-0008","volume":"30","author":"D Kelberman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kelberman, D., Rizzoti, K., Lovell-Badge, R., Robinson, I. 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