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Recent evidence highlights an important NK\u2013T-cell crosstalk, raising the question on whether NLRC5 specifically modulates this interaction. Here we show that NK cells from <jats:italic>Nlrc5<\/jats:italic>-deficient mice exhibit moderate alterations in inhibitory receptor expression and responsiveness. Interestingly, NLRC5 expression in T cells is required to protect them from NK-cell-mediated elimination upon inflammation. Using T-cell-specific <jats:italic>Nlrc5<\/jats:italic>-deficient mice, we show that NK cells surprisingly break tolerance even towards \u2018self\u2019 <jats:italic>Nlrc5<\/jats:italic>-deficient T cells under inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, during chronic LCMV infection, the total CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell population is severely decreased in these mice, a phenotype reverted by NK-cell depletion. These findings strongly suggest that endogenous T cells with low MHCI expression become NK-cell targets, having thus important implications for T-cell responses in naturally or therapeutically induced inflammatory conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,10]],"date-time":"2016-02-10T10:45:08Z","timestamp":1455101108000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["NLRC5 shields T lymphocytes from NK-cell-mediated elimination under inflammatory conditions"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kristina","family":"Ludigs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Jandus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Utzschneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Staehli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Bessoles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh Thu","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Rota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilson","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Zehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Vivier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3292-1536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Werner","family":"Held","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greta","family":"Guarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncomms10554_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3820","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102671","volume":"188","author":"F Staehli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Staehli, F. et al. 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