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Here we sought to prospectively identify chemicals that share transcriptomic signatures with neurological disorders, by exposing mouse cortical neuron-enriched cultures to hundreds of chemicals commonly found in the environment and on food. We find that rotenone, a pesticide associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease risk, and certain fungicides, including pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, famoxadone and fenamidone, produce transcriptional changes<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>that are similar to those seen in brain samples from humans with autism, advanced age and neurodegeneration (Alzheimer\u2019s disease and Huntington\u2019s disease). These chemicals stimulate free radical production and disrupt microtubules in neurons, effects that can be reduced by pretreating with a microtubule stabilizer, an antioxidant, or with sulforaphane. Our study provides an approach to prospectively identify environmental chemicals that transcriptionally mimic autism and other brain disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T10:27:22Z","timestamp":1459420042000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["Identification of chemicals that mimic transcriptional changes associated with autism, brain aging and neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Brandon L.","family":"Pearson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3906-1663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy M.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"McCoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Fragola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Zylka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncomms11173_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13772","volume":"515","author":"S De Rubeis","year":"2014","unstructured":"De Rubeis, S. et al. 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