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We here explore B19V DNA distribution in B, T and monocyte cell lineages of recently excised tonsillar tissues from 77 individuals with an age range of 2\u201369 years. We show that B19V DNA is most frequent and abundant among B cells, and within them we find a B19V genotype that vanished from circulation &gt;40 years ago. Since re-infection or re-activation are unlikely with this virus type, this finding supports the maintenance of pathogen-specific humoral immune responses as a consequence of B-cell long-term survival rather than continuous replenishment of the memory pool. Moreover, we demonstrate the mechanism of B19V internalization to be antibody dependent in two B-cell lines as well as in <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> isolated tonsillar B cells. This study provides direct evidence for a cell type accountable for B19V DNA tissue persistence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,4]],"date-time":"2017-04-04T13:21:02Z","timestamp":1491312062000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Extinct type of human parvovirus B19 persists in tonsillar B cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Lari","family":"Py\u00f6ri\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Toppinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elina","family":"M\u00e4ntyl\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leena-Maija","family":"Aaltonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maija","family":"Vihinen-Ranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taru","family":"Ilmarinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"S\u00f6derlund-Venermo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria F.","family":"Perdomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncomms14930_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.3.485-505.2002","volume":"15","author":"ED Heegaard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Heegaard, E. 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