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Infiltration of tumours with CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells with a resident memory (Trm) phenotype correlates with improved survival. However, the interplay of circulating CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and Trm cells remains poorly explored in tumour immunity. Using different vaccination strategies that fine-tune the generation of Trm cells or circulating memory T cells, here we show that, while both subsets are sufficient for anti-tumour immunity, the presence of Trm cells improves anti-tumour efficacy. Transferred central memory T cells (Tcm) generate Trm cells following viral infection or tumour challenge. Anti-PD-1 treatment promotes infiltration of transferred Tcm cells within tumours, improving anti-tumour immunity. Moreover, Batf3-dependent dendritic cells are essential for reactivation of circulating memory anti-tumour response. Our findings show the plasticity, collaboration and requirements for reactivation of memory CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells subsets needed for optimal tumour vaccination and immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms16073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]],"date-time":"2017-07-17T09:22:41Z","timestamp":1500283361000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":291,"title":["Enhanced anti-tumour immunity requires the interplay between resident and circulating memory CD8+ T cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Michel","family":"Enamorado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Iborra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Priego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Cueto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarai","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Mej\u00edas-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariano","family":"Esteban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Melero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2890-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Sancho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncomms16073_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1718","volume":"10","author":"T Gebhardt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gebhardt, T. et al. 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The remaining authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"16073"}}