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However, the genes influencing this early linguistic phenotype are unknown. Here we conduct a genome-wide screen and follow-up study of expressive vocabulary in toddlers of European descent from up to four studies of the EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology consortium, analysing an early (15\u201318 months, \u2018one-word stage\u2019, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Total<\/jats:sub>=8,889) and a later (24\u201330 months, \u2018two-word stage\u2019, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Total<\/jats:sub>=10,819) phase of language acquisition. For the early phase, one single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs7642482) at 3p12.3 near <jats:italic>ROBO2<\/jats:italic>, encoding a conserved axon-binding receptor, reaches the genome-wide significance level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=1.3 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>) in the combined sample. This association links language-related common genetic variation in the general population to a potential autism susceptibility locus and a linkage region for dyslexia, speech-sound disorder and reading. The contribution of common genetic influences is, although modest, supported by genome-wide complex trait analysis (meta-GCTA <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>15\u201318-months<\/jats:sub>=0.13, meta-GCTA <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>24\u201330-months<\/jats:sub>=0.14) and in concordance with additional twin analysis (5,733 pairs of European descent, <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup><jats:sub>24-months<\/jats:sub>=0.20).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T11:00:36Z","timestamp":1410865236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Common variation near ROBO2 is associated with expressive vocabulary in infancy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Beate","family":"St 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