{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T03:20:38Z","timestamp":1791170438878,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Commun"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recently reported that a conditioned stimulus (CS) memory retrieval-extinction procedure decreases reinstatement of cocaine and heroin seeking in rats and heroin craving in humans. Here we show that non-contingent cocaine or methylphenidate injections (UCS retrieval) 1\u2009h before the extinction sessions decreases cocaine-priming-induced reinstatement, spontaneous recovery, and renewal of cocaine seeking in rats. Unlike the CS-based memory retrieval-extinction procedure, the UCS memory retrieval manipulation decreases renewal and reinstatement of cocaine seeking in the presence of cocaine cues that were not present during extinction training and also decreases cocaine seeking when the procedure commences after 28 days of abstinence. The inhibitory effect of the UCS retrieval manipulation on cocaine-priming-induced reinstatement is mediated by regulation of AMPA-receptor endocytosis in the basolateral amygdala. The UCS memory retrieval-extinction procedure has superior relapse prevention characteristics than the CS memory retrieval-extinction procedure and could be a promising method for decreasing relapse in human addicts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T10:34:43Z","timestamp":1436870083000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["A novel UCS memory retrieval-extinction procedure to inhibit relapse to drug seeking"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Yi-xiao","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-xue","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai-shui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-li","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-ping","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeng-bo","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao-wei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yavin","family":"Shaham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30603-8","volume":"9","author":"AR Childress","year":"1986","unstructured":"Childress, A. R., Mclellan, T. A. & O'Brien, C. P. Role of conditioning factors in the development of drug dependence. Psychiatr. Clin. North Am. 9, 413\u2013425 (1986).","journal-title":"Psychiatr. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06686-4","volume":"27","author":"SR Goldberg","year":"1976","unstructured":"Goldberg, S. R. Stimuli associated with drug injections as events that control behavior. Pharmacol. Rev. 27, 325\u2013340 (1976).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.91.2.251","volume":"91","author":"J Stewart","year":"1984","unstructured":"Stewart, J., de Wit, H. & Eikelboom, R. Role of unconditioned and conditioned drug effects in the self-administration of opiates and stimulants. Psychol. Rev. 91, 251\u2013268 (1984).","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03000316","volume":"11","author":"WM Davis","year":"1976","unstructured":"Davis, W. M. & Smith, S. G. Role of conditioned reinforcers in the initiation, maintenance and extinction of drug-seeking behavior. Pavlov. J. Biol. Sci. 11, 222\u2013236 (1976).","journal-title":"Pavlov. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(90)90048-3","volume":"15","author":"GA Marlatt","year":"1990","unstructured":"Marlatt, G. A. Cue exposure and relapse prevention in the treatment of addictive behaviors. Addict. Behav. 15, 395\u2013399 (1990).","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00014.x","volume":"97","author":"CA Conklin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Conklin, C. A. & Tiffany, S. T. Applying extinction research and theory to cue-exposure addiction treatments. Addiction 97, 155\u2013167 (2002).","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01546-9","volume":"52","author":"ME Bouton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bouton, M. E. Context, ambiguity, and unlearning: Sources of relapse after behavioral extinction. Biol. Psychiatry 52, 976\u2013986 (2002).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2013.08.012","volume":"108","author":"TP Todd","year":"2014","unstructured":"Todd, T. P., Vurbic, D. & Bouton, M. E. Behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms of extinction in Pavlovian and instrumental learning. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 108, 52\u201364 (2014).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1167975","volume":"324","author":"MH Monfils","year":"2009","unstructured":"Monfils, M. H., Cowansage, K. K., Klann, E. & LeDoux, J. E. Extinction-reconsolidation boundaries: key to persistent attenuation of fear memories. Science 324, 951\u2013955 (2009).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1195298","volume":"330","author":"RL Clem","year":"2010","unstructured":"Clem, R. L. & Huganir, R. L. Calcium-permeable AMPA receptor dynamics mediate fear memory erasure. Science 330, 1108\u20131112 (2010).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08637","volume":"463","author":"D Schiller","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schiller, D. et al. Preventing the return of fear in humans using reconsolidation update mechanisms. Nature 463, 49\u201353 (2010).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20040","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320322110","volume":"110","author":"D Schiller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schiller, D., Kanen, J. W., Ledoux, J. E., Monfils, M. H. & Phelps, E. A. Extinction during reconsolidation of threat memory diminishes prefrontal cortex involvement. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, 20040\u201320045 (2013).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1215070","volume":"336","author":"YX Xue","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xue, Y. X. et al. A memory retrieval-extinction procedure to prevent drug craving and relapse. Science 336, 241\u2013245 (2012).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-011-2545-4","volume":"221","author":"X Ma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ma, X., Zhang, J. J. & Yu, L. C. Post-retrieval extinction training enhances or hinders the extinction of morphine-induced conditioned place preference in rats dependent on the retrieval-extinction interval. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 221, 19\u201326 (2012).","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.323","volume":"39","author":"GC Sartor","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sartor, G. C. & Aston-Jones, G. Post-retrieval extinction attenuates cocaine memories. Neuropsychopharmacology 39, 1059\u20131065 (2014).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2012.12.010","volume":"101","author":"EZ Millan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Millan, E. Z., Milligan-Saville, J. & McNally, G. P. Memory retrieval, extinction, and reinstatement of alcohol seeking. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 101, 26\u201332 (2013).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2013.00014","volume":"4","author":"K Hutton-Bedbrook","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hutton-Bedbrook, K. & McNally, G. P. The promises and pitfalls of retrieval-extinction procedures in preventing relapse to drug seeking. Front. Psychiatry 4, 14 (2013).","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2520","volume":"13","author":"J Debiec","year":"2010","unstructured":"Debiec, J., Diaz-Mataix, L., Bush, D. E., Doyere, V. & Ledoux, J. E. The amygdala encodes specific sensory features of an aversive reinforcer. Nat. Neurosci. 13, 536\u2013537 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4818-05.2006","volume":"26","author":"MH Milekic","year":"2006","unstructured":"Milekic, M. H., Brown, S. D., Castellini, C. & Alberini, C. M. Persistent disruption of an established morphine conditioned place preference. J. Neurosci. 26, 3010\u20133020 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2932","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511030103","volume":"103","author":"E Valjent","year":"2006","unstructured":"Valjent, E., Corbille, A. G., Bertran-Gonzalez, J., Herve, D. & Girault, J. A. Inhibition of ERK pathway or protein synthesis during reexposure to drugs of abuse erases previously learned place preference. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 2932\u20132937 (2006).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.03.027","volume":"76","author":"J Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu, J. et al. An unconditioned stimulus retrieval extinction procedure to prevent the return of fear memory. Biol. Psychiatry 76, 895\u2013901 (2014).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-002-1224-x","volume":"168","author":"Y Shaham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shaham, Y., Shalev, U., Lu, L., De Wit, H. & Stewart, J. The reinstatement model of drug relapse: history, methodology and major findings. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 168, 3\u201320 (2003).","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8218","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305235110","volume":"110","author":"I Hong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hong, I. et al. AMPA receptor exchange underlies transient memory destabilization on retrieval. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, 8218\u20138223 (2013).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2907","volume":"14","author":"P Rao-Ruiz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rao-Ruiz, P. et al. Retrieval-specific endocytosis of GluA2-AMPARs underlies adaptive reconsolidation of contextual fear. Nat. Neurosci. 14, 1302\u20131308 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2013.04.004","volume":"103","author":"YJ Yu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yu, Y. J., Chang, C. H. & Gean, P. W. AMPA receptor endocytosis in the amygdala is involved in the disrupted reconsolidation of Methamphetamine-associated contextual memory. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 103, 72\u201381 (2013).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06995","volume":"454","author":"KL Conrad","year":"2008","unstructured":"Conrad, K. L. et al. Formation of accumbens GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors mediates incubation of cocaine craving. Nature 454, 118\u2013121 (2008).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11061","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1221-08.2008","volume":"28","author":"KR Famous","year":"2008","unstructured":"Famous, K. R. et al. Phosphorylation-dependent trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors in the nucleus accumbens plays a critical role in the reinstatement of cocaine seeking. J. Neurosci. 28, 11061\u201311070 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10010","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0934-14.2014","volume":"34","author":"M Jian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jian, M. et al. eIF2alpha dephosphorylation in basolateral amygdala mediates reconsolidation of drug memory. J. Neurosci. 34, 10010\u201310021 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.08.007","volume":"47","author":"JL Lee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lee, J. L., Di Ciano, P., Thomas, K. L. & Everitt, B. J. Disrupting reconsolidation of drug memories reduces cocaine-seeking behavior. Neuron 47, 795\u2013801 (2005).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4401","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3149-09.2010","volume":"30","author":"H Sanchez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sanchez, H., Quinn, J. J., Torregrossa, M. M. & Taylor, J. R. Reconsolidation of a cocaine-associated stimulus requires amygdalar protein kinase A. J. Neurosci. 30, 4401\u20134407 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0090","volume":"363","author":"H Crombag","year":"2008","unstructured":"Crombag, H., Bossert, J. M., Koya, E. & Shaham, Y. Context-induced relapse to drug seeking: a review. Trans. R Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 363, 3233\u20133243 (2008).","journal-title":"Trans. R Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5451.248","volume":"287","author":"JL McGaugh","year":"2000","unstructured":"McGaugh, J. L. Memory--a century of consolidation. Science 287, 248\u2013251 (2000).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2010.07249.x","volume":"31","author":"AL Milton","year":"2010","unstructured":"Milton, A. L. & Everitt, B. J. The psychological and neurochemical mechanisms of drug memory reconsolidation: implications for the treatment of addiction. Eur. J. Neurosci. 31, 2308\u20132319 (2010).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2090","volume":"8","author":"NC Tronson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tronson, N. C. & Taylor, J. R. Molecular mechanisms of memory reconsolidation. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 8, 262\u2013275 (2007).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/35021052","volume":"406","author":"K Nader","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nader, K., Schafe, G. E. & Le Doux, J. E. Fear memories require protein synthesis in the amygdala for reconsolidation after retrieval. Nature 406, 722\u2013726 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.14.030191.002225","volume":"14","author":"JI Morgan","year":"1991","unstructured":"Morgan, J. I. & Curran, T. Stimulus-transcription coupling in the nervous system: involvement of the inducible proto-oncogenes fos and jun. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 14, 421\u2013451 (1991).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3120-y","volume":"229","author":"JM Bossert","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bossert, J. M., Marchant, N. J., Calu, D. J. & Shaham, Y. The reinstatement model of drug relapse: recent neurobiological findings, emerging research topics, and translational research. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 229, 453\u2013476 (2013).","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-003-1393-2","volume":"168","author":"PW Kalivas","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kalivas, P. W. & McFarland, K. Brain circuitry and the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 168, 44\u201356 (2003).","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marchant, N. J., Kaganovsky, K., Shaham, Y. & Bossert, J. M. Role of corticostriatal circuits in context-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. Brain Res. doi:10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.09.004 (6 September 2014).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.09.004"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00088-1","volume":"36","author":"BJ Everitt","year":"2001","unstructured":"Everitt, B. J., Dickinson, A. & Robbins, T. W. The neuropsychological basis of addictive behaviour. Brain Res. Rev. 36, 129\u2013138 (2001).","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(95)00153-0","volume":"66","author":"NR Richardson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Richardson, N. R. & Roberts, D. C. Progressive ratio schedules in drug self-administration studies in rats: a method to evaluate reinforcing efficacy. J. Neurosci. Methods 66, 1\u201311 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600126","volume":"23","author":"G Ahmadian","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ahmadian, G. et al. Tyrosine phosphorylation of GluR2 is required for insulin-stimulated AMPA receptor endocytosis and LTD. EMBO J. 23, 1040\u20131050 (2004).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1116894","volume":"310","author":"K Brebner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brebner, K. et al. Nucleus accumbens long-term depression and the expression of behavioral sensitization. Science 310, 1340\u20131343 (2005).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5436","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5884-10.2011","volume":"31","author":"YQ Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li, Y. Q. et al. Inhibition of PKMzeta in nucleus accumbens core abolishes long-term drug reward memory. J. Neurosci. 31, 5436\u20135446 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.13r08851","volume":"75","author":"SA Corp","year":"2014","unstructured":"Corp, S. A., Gitlin, M. J. & Altshuler, L. L. A review of the use of stimulants and stimulant alternatives in treating bipolar depression and major depressive disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 75, 1010\u20131018 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.11.005","volume":"37","author":"CW Berridge","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berridge, C. W. & Arnsten, A. F. Psychostimulants and motivated behavior: arousal and cognition. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 37, 1976\u20131984 (2013).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3004-1","volume":"226","author":"A Auber","year":"2013","unstructured":"Auber, A., Tedesco, V., Jones, C. E., Monfils, M. H. & Chiamulera, C. Post-retrieval extinction as reconsolidation interference: methodological issues or boundary conditions? Psychopharmacology (Berl) 226, 631\u2013647 (2013).","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.2175811","volume":"18","author":"M Costanzi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Costanzi, M., Cannas, S., Saraulli, D., Rossi-Arnaud, C. & Cestari, V. Extinction after retrieval: effects on the associative and nonassociative components of remote contextual fear memory. Learn. Mem. 18, 508\u2013518 (2011).","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2006.03.010","volume":"16","author":"Y Dudai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dudai, Y. Reconsolidation: the advantage of being refocused. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 16, 174\u2013178 (2006).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2004.11.001","volume":"28","author":"CM Alberini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Alberini, C. M. Mechanisms of memory stabilization: are consolidation and reconsolidation similar or distinct processes? Trends Neurosci. 28, 51\u201356 (2005).","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.54.1.1","volume":"54","author":"U Shalev","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shalev, U., Grimm, J. W. & Shaham, Y. Neurobiology of relapse to heroin and cocaine seeking: a review. Pharmacol. Rev. 54, 1\u201342 (2002).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.01175.x","volume":"164","author":"BM Graham","year":"2011","unstructured":"Graham, B. M., Langton, J. M. & Richardson, R. Pharmacological enhancement of fear reduction: preclinical models. Br. J. Pharmacol. 164, 1230\u20131247 (2011).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301555","volume":"33","author":"GJ Quirk","year":"2008","unstructured":"Quirk, G. J. & Mueller, D. Neural mechanisms of extinction learning and retrieval. Neuropsychopharmacology 33, 56\u201372 (2008).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.03.036","volume":"70","author":"C Mihindou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mihindou, C., Vouillac, C., Koob, G. F. & Ahmed, S. H. Preclinical validation of a novel cocaine exposure therapy for relapse prevention. Biol. Psychiatry 70, 593\u2013598 (2011).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb03103.x","volume":"51","author":"YL Hurd","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hurd, Y. L., Kehr, J. & Ungerstedt, U. In vivo microdialysis as a technique to monitor drug transport: correlation of extracellular cocaine levels and dopamine overflow in the rat brain. J. Neurochem. 51, 1314\u20131316 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3533","volume":"16","author":"BR Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee, B. R. et al. Maturation of silent synapses in amygdala-accumbens projection contributes to incubation of cocaine craving. Nat. Neurosci. 16, 1644\u20131651 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1038\/nn757","volume":"4","author":"MJ Thomas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Thomas, M. J., Beurrier, C., Bonci, A. & Malenka, R. C. Long-term depression in the nucleus accumbens: a neural correlate of behavioral sensitization to cocaine. Nat. Neurosci. 4, 1217\u20131223 (2001).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12632","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1264-10.2010","volume":"30","author":"X Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang, X. et al. Nucleus accumbens core mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway is critical for cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats. J. Neurosci. 30, 12632\u201312641 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10351","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2112-10.2010","volume":"30","author":"FQ Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li, F. Q. et al. Basolateral amygdala cdk5 activity mediates consolidation and reconsolidation of memories for cocaine cues. J. Neurosci. 30, 10351\u201310359 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.63","volume":"36","author":"YY He","year":"2011","unstructured":"He, Y. Y. et al. PKMzeta maintains drug reward and aversion memory in the basolateral amygdala and extinction memory in the infralimbic cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 36, 1972\u20131981 (2011).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.09.068","volume":"526","author":"HD Schmidt","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schmidt, H. D., Anderson, S. M., Famous, K. R., Kumaresan, V. & Pierce, R. C. Anatomy and pharmacology of cocaine priming-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 526, 65\u201376 (2005).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2005.03.003","volume":"26","author":"J Dong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dong, J. et al. Congenital iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism impair LTP and decrease C-fos and C-jun expression in rat hippocampus. Neurotoxicology 26, 417\u2013426 (2005).","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2004.05.007","volume":"141","author":"SJ Sundquist","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sundquist, S. J. & Nisenbaum, L. K. Fast Fos: rapid protocols for single- and double-labeling c-Fos immunohistochemistry in fresh frozen brain sections. J. Neurosci. Methods 141, 9\u201320 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.05.001","volume":"1399","author":"WG Jiang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jiang, W. G. et al. Chronic unpredictable stress induces a reversible change of PER2 rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Brain Res. 1399, 25\u201332 (2011).","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.131","volume":"37","author":"HS Shi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shi, H. S. et al. PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway in the basolateral amygdala mediates the rapid antidepressant-like effects of trefoil factor 3. Neuropsychopharmacology 37, 2671\u20132683 (2012).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2531","volume":"13","author":"PV Migues","year":"2010","unstructured":"Migues, P. V. et al. PKMzeta maintains memories by regulating GluR2-dependent AMPA receptor trafficking. Nat. Neurosci. 13, 630\u2013634 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.243","volume":"38","author":"ZY Ren","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ren, Z. Y. et al. A critical role for protein degradation in the nucleus accumbens core in cocaine reward memory. Neuropsychopharmacology 38, 778\u2013790 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6647","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5390-13.2014","volume":"34","author":"YX Xue","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xue, Y. X. et al. Depletion of perineuronal nets in the amygdala to enhance the erasure of drug memories. J. Neurosci. 34, 6647\u20136658 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10726","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3207-04.2004","volume":"24","author":"JM Bossert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bossert, J. M., Liu, S. Y., Lu, L. & Shaham, Y. A role of ventral tegmental area glutamate in contextual cue-induced relapse to heroin seeking. J. Neurosci. 24, 10726\u201310730 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFncomms8675_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.116.1.169","volume":"116","author":"HS Crombag","year":"2002","unstructured":"Crombag, H. S. & Shaham, Y. Renewal of drug seeking by contextual cues after prolonged extinction in rats. Behav. Neurosci. 116, 169\u2013173 (2002).","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Nature Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncomms8675.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncomms8675","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncomms8675.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T05:05:54Z","timestamp":1748495154000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncomms8675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]]}},"alternative-id":["BFncomms8675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms8675","relation":{},"ISSN":["2041-1723"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2041-1723","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 March 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7675"}}