{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T13:39:11Z","timestamp":1791812351624,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]],"date-time":"2008-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1216080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/ncpcardio1278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]],"date-time":"2008-07-15T12:57:58Z","timestamp":1216126678000},"page":"542-553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Fibrates and future PPAR\u03b1 agonists in the treatment of cardiovascular disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Bart","family":"Staels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Zambon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.07.032","volume":"46","author":"JC LaRosa","year":"2005","unstructured":"LaRosa JC (2005) At the heart of statin benefit. J Am Coll Cardiol 46: 1863","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.10.2351","volume":"94","author":"HR Superko","year":"1996","unstructured":"Superko HR (1996) Beyond LDL cholesterol reduction. Circulation 94: 2351\u20132354","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040583","volume":"350","author":"CP Cannon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cannon CP  et al. (2004) Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 350: 1495\u20131504","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S42","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601353","volume":"56","author":"L Cordain","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cordain L  et al. (2002) The paradoxical nature of hunter-gatherer diets: meat based, yet non-atherogenic. Eur J Clin Nutr 56 (Suppl 1): S42\u2013S52","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.4065\/79.1.101","volume":"79","author":"JH O'Keefe","year":"2004","unstructured":"O'Keefe JH and Cordain L (2004) Cardiovascular disease resulting from a diet and lifestyle at odds with our Paleolithic genome: how to become a 21st century hunter-gatherer. Mayo Clin Proc 79: 101\u2013108","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.07.006","volume":"46","author":"P Libby","year":"2005","unstructured":"Libby P (2005) The forgotten majority: unfinished business in cardiovascular risk reduction. J Am Coll Cardiol 46: 1225\u20131228","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-005-5686-z","volume":"19","author":"E Bruckert","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bruckert E  et al. (2005) Mild to moderate muscular symptoms with high-dosage statin therapy in hyperlipidemic patients\u2014the PRIMO study. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 19: 403\u2013414","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.02.073","volume":"50","author":"AA Alsheikh-Ali","year":"2007","unstructured":"Alsheikh-Ali AA  et al. (2007) Effect of the magnitude of lipid lowering on risk of elevated liver enzymes, rhabdomyolysis, and cancer. J Am Coll Cardiol 50: 409\u2013418","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09327-3","volume":"360","author":"F Violi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Violi F  et al.; MRC\/BHF Heart Protection Study (2002) MRC\/BHF Heart Protection Study. Lancet 360: 7\u201322","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16895-5","volume":"364","author":"HM Colhoun","year":"2004","unstructured":"Colhoun HM  et al.; CARDS Investigators (2004) Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 364: 685\u2013696","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.5.1151","volume":"28","author":"PS Sever","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sever PS  et al. (2005) Reduction in cardiovascular events with atorvastatin in 2,532 patients with type 2 diabetes: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial\u2014lipid-lowering arm (ASCOT-LLA). Diabetes Care 28: 1151\u20131157","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1159\/000080241","volume":"27","author":"C Wanner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wanner C  et al.; Deutsche Diabetes-Dialyse-Studie (4D) Study Group (2004) Randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes on hemodialysis (4D study): demographic and baseline characteristics. Kidney Blood Press Res 27: 259\u2013266","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press Res"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-2415","volume":"29","author":"RH Knopp","year":"2006","unstructured":"Knopp RH  et al. (2006) Efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in the prevention of cardiovascular end points in subjects with type 2 diabetes: the Atorvastatin Study for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease Endpoints in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (ASPEN). Diabetes Care 29: 1478\u20131485","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38793.468449.AE","volume":"332","author":"J Costa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Costa J  et al. (2006) Efficacy of lipid lowering drug treatment for diabetic and non-diabetic patients: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 332: 1115\u20131124","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7258.405","volume":"321","author":"IM Stratton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stratton IM  et al (2000) Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ 321: 405\u2013412","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/00043798-199604000-00014","volume":"3","author":"JE Hokanson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hokanson JE and Austin MA (1996) Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: a meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies. J Cardiovasc Risk 3: 213\u2013219","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Risk"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.3.309","volume":"298","author":"S Bansal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bansal S  et al. (2007) Fasting compared with nonfasting triglycerides and risk of cardiovascular events in women. JAMA 298: 309\u2013316","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.3.336","volume":"298","author":"PE McBride","year":"2007","unstructured":"McBride PE (2007) Triglycerides and risk for coronary heart disease. JAMA 298: 336\u2013338","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2007.05.002","volume":"29","author":"TA Jacobson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jacobson TA  et al. (2007) Hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular risk reduction. Clin Ther 29: 763\u2013777","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.10.038","volume":"51","author":"M Miller","year":"2008","unstructured":"Miller M  et al.; for the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 Investigators (2008) Impact of triglyceride levels beyond low density lipoprotein cholesterol after an acute coronary syndrome in the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 51: 724\u2013730","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.6.736","volume":"99","author":"CM Ballantyne","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ballantyne CM  et al. (1999) Influence of low HDL on progression of coronary artery disease and response to fluvastatin therapy. Circulation 99: 736\u2013743","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2940829","volume":"294","author":"MI Mackness","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mackness MI  et al. (1993) The role of high-density lipoprotein and lipid-soluble antioxidant vitamins in inhibiting low-density lipoprotein oxidation. Biochem J 294: 829\u2013834","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.15.11.1987","volume":"15","author":"GW Cockerill","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cockerill GW  et al. (1995) High-density lipoproteins inhibit cytokine-induced expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 15: 1987\u20131994","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR24","first-page":"144","volume":"3","author":"A Kontush","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kontush A and Chapman MJ (2006) Antiatherogenic small, dense HDL-guardian angel of the arterial wall? Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 3: 144\u2013153","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(99)00098-4","volume":"286","author":"B Lamarche","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lamarche B  et al. (1999) HDL metabolism in hypertriglyceridemic states: an overview. Clin Chim Acta 286: 145\u2013161","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.10.031","volume":"45","author":"RS Birjmohun","year":"2005","unstructured":"Birjmohun RS  et al. (2005) Efficacy and safety of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-increasing compounds: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 45: 185\u2013197","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.12.1585","volume":"285","author":"SJ Robins","year":"2001","unstructured":"Robins SJ  et al. (2001) Relation of gemfibrozil treatment and lipid levels with major coronary events: VA-HIT: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 285: 1585\u20131591","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI27989","volume":"116","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lefebvre  et al. (2006) Sorting out the roles of PPAR alpha in energy metabolism and vascular homeostasis. J Clin Invest 116: 571\u2013580","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.10.012","volume":"95","author":"SM Grundy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Grundy SM  et al. (2005) Effectiveness and tolerability of simvastatin plus fenofibrate for combined hyperlipidemia (the SAFARI trial). Am J Cardiol 95: 462\u2013468","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.19.2088","volume":"98","author":"B Staels","year":"1998","unstructured":"Staels B  et al. (1998) Mechanisms of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation 98: 2088\u20132093","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00379-7","volume":"26","author":"C Seiler","year":"1995","unstructured":"Seiler C  et al. (1995) Exercise-induced vasomotion of angiographically normal and stenotic coronary arteries improves after cholesterol-lowering drug therapy with bezafibrate. J Am Coll Cardiol 26: 1615\u20131622","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.6.1419","volume":"28","author":"KK Koh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Koh KK  et al. (2005) Beneficial effects of fenofibrate to improve endothelial dysfunction and raise adiponectin levels in patients with primary hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetes Care 28: 1419\u20131424","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(02)00417-3","volume":"168","author":"DA Playford","year":"2003","unstructured":"Playford DA  et al. (2003) Combined effect of coenzyme Q10 and fenofibrate on forearm microcirculatory function in type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 168: 169\u2013179","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.15.1773","volume":"101","author":"M Evans","year":"2000","unstructured":"Evans M  et al. (2000) Ciprofibrate therapy improves endothelial function and reduces postprandial lipemia and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation 101: 1773\u20131779","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(01)00227-9","volume":"50","author":"HW Wilmink","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wilmink HW  et al. (2001) Effect of statin versus fibrate on postprandial endothelial dysfunction: role of remnant-like particles. Cardiovasc Res 50: 577\u2013582","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00531-6","volume":"80","author":"TC Andrews","year":"1997","unstructured":"Andrews TC  et al. (1997) Effect of gemfibrozil +\/\u2212 niacin +\/\u2212 cholestyramine on endothelial function in patients with serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels &lt;160 mg\/dl and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels &lt;40 mg\/dl. Am J Cardiol 80: 831\u2013835","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.11.043","volume":"43","author":"T Ogata","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ogata T  et al. (2004) Myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt hypertensive rats is ameliorated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activator fenofibrate, partly by suppressing inflammatory responses associated with the nuclear factor-kappa-B pathway. J Am Coll Cardiol 43: 1481\u20131488","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000187900.36455.4c","volume":"46","author":"SH Han","year":"2005","unstructured":"Han SH  et al. (2005) Beneficial vascular and metabolic effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activators. Hypertension 46: 1086\u20131092","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000204327.96431.9a","volume":"26","author":"A Zambon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zambon A  et al. (2006) Modulation of hepatic inflammatory risk markers of cardiovascular diseases by PPAR-alpha activators: clinical and experimental evidence. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26: 977\u2013986","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.02.052","volume":"45","author":"Koh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Koh  et al. (2005) Additive beneficial effects of fenofibrate combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of combined hyperlipidemia. J Am Coll Cardiol 45: 1649\u20131653","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2001.23308","volume":"50","author":"CA Aguilar-Salinas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Aguilar-Salinas CA  et al. (2001) Ciprofibrate versus gemfibrozil in the treatment of mixed hyperlipidemias: an open-label, multicenter study. Metabolism 50: 729\u2013733","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1089\/152308602762197416","volume":"4","author":"WA Wilmer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wilmer WA  et al. (2002) PPAR-alpha ligands inhibit H2O2 mediated activation of transforming growth factor beta in human mesangial cells. Antiox Redox Signal 4: 877\u2013884","journal-title":"Antiox Redox Signal"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000209","volume":"69","author":"CW Park","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park CW  et al. (2006) PPAR\u03b1 agonist fenofibrate improves diabetic nephropathy in db\/db mice. Kidney Int 69: 1511\u20131517","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2006.01.004","volume":"44","author":"LL Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen LL  et al. (2006) Renoprotective effects of fenofibrate in diabetic rats are achieved by suppressing kidney plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Vascul Pharmacol 44: 309\u2013315","journal-title":"Vascul Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-1329","volume":"55","author":"CW Park","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park CW  et al. (2006) Accelerated diabetic nephropathy in mice lacking the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Diabetes 55: 885\u2013893","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000018403.61042.56","volume":"13","author":"Y Kamijo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kamijo Y  et al. (2002) Identification of functions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in proximal tubules. J Am Soc Nephrol 13: 1691\u20131702","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR47","first-page":"603","volume":"63","author":"M Sato","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sato M (2005) Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ligands and angiogenesis. Nippon Rinsho 63: 603\u2013608","journal-title":"Nippon Rinsho"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0711281105","volume":"105","author":"D Panigrahy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Panigrahy D  et al. (2008) PPARalpha agonist fenofibrate suppresses tumor growth through direct and indirect angiogenesis inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 985\u2013990","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00591-4","volume":"35","author":"G Ruotolo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ruotolo G  et al. (2000) Serum insulin-like growth factor-I level is independently associated with coronary artery disease progression in young male survivors of myocardial infarction: beneficial effects of bezafibrate treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol 35: 647\u2013654","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.2174\/092986706778773086","volume":"13","author":"JL Wilkinson-Berka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wilkinson-Berka JL  et al. (2006) The role of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor and somatostatin in diabetic retinopathy. Curr Med Chem 13: 3307\u20133317","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01486-2","volume":"15","author":"AD Blann","year":"2001","unstructured":"Blann AD  et al. (2001) Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor Flt-1 in patients with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis and the effects of fluvastatin or fenofibrate. Am J Cardiol 15: 1160\u20131163","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.01.009","volume":"84","author":"J Kim","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kim J  et al. (2007) Fenofibrate regulates endothelial cell survival through the AMPK signal transduction pathway. Exp Eye Res 84: 886\u2013893","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.18.5.285","volume":"18","author":"BP Harrold","year":"1969","unstructured":"Harrold BP  et al. (1969) A double-blind controlled trial of clofibrate in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 18: 285\u2013291","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR54","first-page":"393","volume":"37","author":"PA Dorne","year":"1977","unstructured":"Dorne PA (1977) Exudative diabetic retinopathy. The use of clofibrate in the treatment of hard exudates using a reduced but prolonged dosage over several years. Arch Ophtalmol 37: 393\u2013400","journal-title":"Arch Ophtalmol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.7.2137","volume":"96","author":"MH Frick","year":"1997","unstructured":"Frick MH  et al. (1997) Prevention of the angiographic progression of coronary and vein-graft atherosclerosis by gemfibrozil after coronary bypass surgery in men with low levels of HDL cholesterol. Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial (LOCAT) Study Group. Circulation 96: 2137\u20132143","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91343-4","volume":"347","author":"CG Ericsson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ericsson CG  et al. (1996) Angiographic assessment of effects of bezafibrate on progression of coronary artery disease in young male postinfarction patients. Lancet 347: 849\u2013853","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DAIS investigators (2001) Effect of fenofibrate on progression of coronary-artery disease in type 2 diabetes: the Diabetes Atherosclerosis Intervention Study, a randomised study. Lancet 357: 905\u2013910","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04209-4"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908053410604","volume":"341","author":"HB Rubins","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rubins HB  et al. (1999) Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. N Engl J Med 341: 410\u2013418","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.12.1585","volume":"285","author":"SJ Robins","year":"2001","unstructured":"Robins SJ  et al. (2001) Relation of gemfibrozil treatment and lipid levels with major coronary events. VA-HIT: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 285: 1585\u20131591","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2597","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.22.2597","volume":"162","author":"H Bloomfield-Rubins","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bloomfield-Rubins H  et al. (2002) Diabetes, plasma insulin and cardiovascular disease: subgroup analysis from the Department of Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial (VA-HIT). Arch Intern Med 162: 2597\u20132604","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198711123172001","volume":"317","author":"MH Frick","year":"1987","unstructured":"Frick MH  et al. (1987) Helsinki Heart Study: primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia: safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 317: 1237\u20131245","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.7.1779","volume":"92","author":"L Tenkanen","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tenkanen L  et al. (1995) Some coronary risk factors related to the insulin resistance syndrome and treatment with gemfibrozil: experience from the Helsinki Heart Study. Circulation 92: 1779\u20131785","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"The Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention study Group (2000) Secondary prevention by raising HDL cholesterol and reducing triglycerides in patients with coronary artery disease: The Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) study. Circulation 102: 21\u201327","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.1.21"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.09.048","volume":"51","author":"I Goldenberg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goldenberg I  et al. (2008) Secondary prevention with bezafibrate therapy for the treatment of dyslipidemia: an extended follow-up of the BIP trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 51: 459\u2013465","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.10.1154","volume":"165","author":"A Tenenbaum","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tenenbaum A  et al. (2005) Bezafibrate for the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in patients with metabolic syndrome. Arch Intern Med 165: 1154\u20131160","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67667-2","volume":"366","author":"A Keech","year":"2005","unstructured":"Keech A  et al.; FIELD study investigators (2005) Effects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9,795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366: 1849\u20131861","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR67","first-page":"II_838","volume":"116","author":"R Scott","year":"2007","unstructured":"Scott R  et al.; on behalf of the FIELD Investigators (2007) Features of metabolic syndrome identify individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus at high risk for cardiovascular events and greater absolute benefits of fenofibrate [abstract]. Circulation 116: II_838","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61607-9","volume":"370","author":"A Keech","year":"2007","unstructured":"Keech A  et al.; FIELD study investigators (2007) Effect of fenofibrate on the need for laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy (FIELD study): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 370: 1687\u20131697","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0751-8","volume":"50","author":"A Hiukka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hiukka A  et al. (2007) Long-term effects of fenofibrate on VLDL and HDL subspecies in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 50: 2067\u20132075","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E","volume":"110","author":"SM Grundy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Grundy SM  et al. (2004) Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation 110: 227\u2013239","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.7.1198","volume":"25","author":"VG Athyros","year":"2002","unstructured":"Athyros VG  et al. (2002) Atorvastatin and micronized fenofibrate alone and in combination in type 2 diabetes with combined hyperlipidemia. Diabetes Care 25: 1198\u20131202","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.3.803","volume":"52","author":"GF Watts","year":"2003","unstructured":"Watts GF (2003) Differential regulation of lipoprotein kinetics by atorvastatin and fenofibrate in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes 52: 803\u2013811","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.10.031","volume":"153","author":"M Farnier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Farnier M  et al. (2007) Efficacy and safety of the coadministration of ezetimibe\/simvastatin with fenofibrate in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia. Am Heart J 153: 335\u2013338","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR74","first-page":"41","volume":"20","author":"C Hottelart","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hottelart C  et al. (1999) Fenofibrate increases blood creatinine, but does not change the glomerular filtration rate in patients with mild renal insufficiency. Nephrologie 20: 41\u201344","journal-title":"Nephrologie"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200403000-00017","volume":"43","author":"G Luc","year":"2004","unstructured":"Luc G  et al. (2004) Fenofibrate increases homocysteinemia through a PPAR\u03b1-mediated mechanism. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 43: 452\u2013453","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.12.022","volume":"93","author":"J Genest","year":"2004","unstructured":"Genest J  et al. (2004) Effect of fenofibrate-mediated increase in plasma homocysteine on the progression of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol 93: 848\u2013853","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.5.1.145","volume":"5","author":"MH Davidson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Davidson MH  et al. (2006) Statin\/fibrate combination in patients with metabolic syndrome or diabetes: evaluating the risks of pharmacokinetic drug interactions. Expert Opin Drug Saf 5: 145\u2013156","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3C","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.11.016","volume":"99","author":"MH Davidson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Davidson MH  et al. (2007) Safety considerations with fibrate therapy. Am J Cardiol 99 (Suppl): 3C\u201318C","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.11.1280","volume":"30","author":"T Prueksaritanont","year":"2002","unstructured":"Prueksaritanont T  et al. (2002) Effect of fibrates on metabolism of statins in human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos 30: 1280\u20131287","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1517\/14728214.11.3.379","volume":"11","author":"B Pourcet","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pourcet B  et al. (2006) Selective PPAR modulators, dual and pan PPAR agonists: multimodal drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 11: 379\u2013401","journal-title":"Expert Opin Emerg Drugs"},{"key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000154140.73570.00","volume":"25","author":"H Duez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Duez H  et al. (2005) Regulation of human apo A-I by gemfibrozil and fenofibrate through selective PPAR-\u03b1 modulation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25: 585\u2013591","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"BFncpcardio1278_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21i","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.03.003","volume":"99","author":"JB Buse","year":"2007","unstructured":"ACCORD Study Group; Buse JB  et al. (2007) Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial: design and methods. Am J Cardiol 99 (Suppl): 21i\u201333i","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpcardio1278.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpcardio1278","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpcardio1278.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T19:45:37Z","timestamp":1684439137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpcardio1278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}},"alternative-id":["BFncpcardio1278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncpcardio1278","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-4297","1743-4300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-4297","type":"print"},{"value":"1743-4300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,15]]}}}