{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:15:25Z","timestamp":1791839725428,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,1]],"date-time":"2005-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1130803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Endocrinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/ncpendmet0020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,11]],"date-time":"2005-11-11T16:30:52Z","timestamp":1131726652000},"page":"32-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Thyroid-hormone therapy and thyroid cancer: a reassessment"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Bernadette","family":"Biondi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastiano","family":"Filetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schlumberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR1","first-page":"331","volume-title":"Williams' Textbook of Endocrinology","author":"PR Larsen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Larsen PR et al. (2002) Thyroid physiology and diagnostic evaluation of patients with thyroid disorders. In Williams' Textbook of Endocrinology, edn 10, 331\u2013373 (Eds Larsen PR et al.) Philadelphia: WB Saunders"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-2-1-87","volume":"2","author":"PR Larsen","year":"1981","unstructured":"Larsen PR et al. (1981) Relationships between circulating and intracellular thyroid hormones: physiological and clinical implications. Endocr Rev 2: 87\u2013102","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-39-5-923","volume":"39","author":"M Saberi","year":"1974","unstructured":"Saberi M and Utiger RD (1974) Serum thyroid hormone and thyrotropin concentrations during thyroxine and triiodothyronine therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 39: 923\u2013927","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106304","volume":"49","author":"LE Braverman","year":"1970","unstructured":"Braverman LE et al. (1970) Conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine in athyreotic human subjects. J Clin Invest 49: 855\u2013864","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00009","volume":"119","author":"SJ Mandel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mandel SJ et al. (1993) Levothyroxine therapy in patients with thyroid disease. Ann Intern Med 119: 492\u2013502","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440180017002","volume":"156","author":"PA Singer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Singer PA et al. (1996) Treatment guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Arch Intern Med 156: 2165\u20132172","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thyroid Carcinoma Task Force (2001) AACE\/AAES medical\/surgical guidelines for clinical practice: management of thyroid carcinoma. Endocr Pract 7: 202\u2013220","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.7.3.202"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.3973.460","volume":"1","author":"TP Dunhill","year":"1937","unstructured":"Dunhill TP (1937) Surgery of the thyroid gland (The Lettsomian Lectures). BMJ 1: 460\u2013461","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(54)91480-4","volume":"266","author":"HW Balme","year":"1954","unstructured":"Balme HW (1954) Metastastic carcinoma of the thyroid successfully treated with thyroxine. Lancet 266: 812\u2013813","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1966.03100090055013","volume":"195","author":"G Crile Jr","year":"1966","unstructured":"Crile G Jr (1966) Endocrine dependency of papillary carcinomas of the thyroid. JAMA 195: 721\u2013724","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1981.03310340043025","volume":"245","author":"LD Goldberg","year":"1981","unstructured":"Goldberg LD and Ditchek NT (1981) Thyroid carcinoma with spinal cord compression. JAMA 245: 953\u2013954","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90321-2","volume":"97","author":"EL Mazzaferri","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mazzaferri EL and Jhiang SM (1994) Long-term impact of initial surgical and medical therapy on papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. Am J Med 97: 418\u2013428","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR13","first-page":"4318","volume":"81","author":"P Pujol","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pujol P et al. (1996) Degree of thyrotropin suppression as a prognostic determinant in differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81: 4318\u20134322","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1998.8.737","volume":"8","author":"DS Cooper","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cooper DS et al. (1998) Thyrotropin suppression and disease progression in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: results from the National Thyroid Cancer Treatment Cooperative Registry. Thyroid 8: 737\u2013744","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-66-6-1158","volume":"66","author":"P Roger","year":"1988","unstructured":"Roger P et al. (1988) Mitogenic effects of thyrotropin and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate in differentiated normal human thyroid cells in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 66: 1158\u20131165","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR16","first-page":"1909","volume":"30","author":"NJ Nadler","year":"1970","unstructured":"Nadler NJ et al. (1970) The effect of hypophysectomy on the experimental production of rat thyroid neoplasms. Cancer Res 30: 1909\u20131911","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-42-2-395","volume":"42","author":"Y Ichikawa","year":"1976","unstructured":"Ichikawa Y et al. (1976) Presence of TSH receptor in thyroid neoplasms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 42: 395\u2013398","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-51-4-915","volume":"51","author":"P Carayon","year":"1980","unstructured":"Carayon P et al. (1980) Human thyroid cancer: membrane thyrotropin binding and adenylate cyclase activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 51: 915\u2013920","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-57-1-140","volume":"57","author":"OH Clark","year":"1983","unstructured":"Clark OH et al. (1983) Characterization of the thyrotropin receptor\u2013adenylate cyclase system in neoplastic human thyroid tissue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 57: 140\u2013147","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1997.431","volume":"76","author":"K Tanaka","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tanaka K et al. (1997). Relationship between prognostic score and thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) in papillary thyroid carcinoma: immunohistochemical detection of TSH-R. Br J Cancer 76: 594\u2013599","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR21","first-page":"3228","volume":"84","author":"V Lazar","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lazar V et al. (1999) Expression of the Na+\/I-symporter gene in human thyroid tumors: a comparison study with other thyroid-specific genes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84: 3228\u20133234","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1410443","volume":"141","author":"S Filetti","year":"1999","unstructured":"Filetti S et al. (1999) Sodium\/iodide symporter a key transport system in thyroid cancer cell metabolism. Eur J Endocrinol 141: 443\u2013457","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198803243181206","volume":"318","author":"S Filetti","year":"1988","unstructured":"Filetti S et al. (1988) The role of thyroid-stimulating antibodies of Graves' disease in differentiated thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med 318: 753\u2013759","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.2001.01415.x","volume":"55","author":"A Belfiore","year":"2001","unstructured":"Belfiore A et al. (2001) Graves' disease, thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 55: 711\u2013718","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1680","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-112-5-1680","volume":"112","author":"K Westermark","year":"1983","unstructured":"Westermark K et al. (1983) Epidermal growth factor modulates thyroid growth and function in culture. Endocrinology 112: 1680\u20131686","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR26","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"D Wynford-Thomas","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wynford-Thomas D (1993) Molecular basis of epithelial tumorigenesis: the thyroid model. Crit Rev Oncol 4: 1\u201323","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.05895","volume":"183","author":"JA Fagin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fagin JA (2004) How thyroid tumors start and why it matters: kinase mutants as targets for solid cancer pharmacotherapy. J Endocrinol 183: 249\u2013256","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR28","first-page":"1907","volume":"11","author":"D Russo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Russo D et al. (1995) Activating mutations of the TSH receptor in differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Oncogene 11: 1907\u20131911","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR29","first-page":"3898","volume":"81","author":"D Spambalg","year":"1996","unstructured":"Spambalg D et al. (1996) Structural studies of the thyrotropin receptor and Gs alpha in human thyroid cancer: low prevalence of mutation predicts infrequent involvement in malignant transformation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81: 3898\u20133901","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR30","first-page":"601","volume":"11","author":"C Challeton","year":"1995","unstructured":"Challeton C et al. (1995) Pattern of ras and gsp oncogene mutations in radiation-associated human thyroid tumors. Oncogene 11: 601\u2013603","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR31","first-page":"343","volume":"75","author":"JT Nicoloff","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nicoloff JT and Spencer CA (1992) Non-thyrotropin-dependent thyroid secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 75: 343","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR32","first-page":"344","volume":"75","author":"LA Burmeister","year":"1992","unstructured":"Burmeister LA et al. (1992) Levothyroxine dose requirements for thyrotropin suppression in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 75: 344\u2013350","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1089\/105072503321087015","volume":"13","author":"LM Demers","year":"2003","unstructured":"Demers LM and Spencer CA (2003) Laboratory medicine practice guidelines. Laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease. Thyroid 13: 33\u201344","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.2.228","volume":"291","author":"M Surks","year":"2004","unstructured":"Surks M et al. (2004) Subclinical thyroid disease: scientific review and guidelines for diagnosis and management. JAMA 291: 228\u2013238","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8182","volume":"87","author":"JG Hollowell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hollowell JG et al. (2002) Serum TSH, T4, and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87: 489\u2013499","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1430639","volume":"143","author":"T Bjoro","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bjoro T et al. (2000) Prevalence of thyroid disease, thyroid dysfunction, and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in a large unselected population. Eur J Endocrinol 143: 639\u2013637","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06067-6","volume":"358","author":"JV Parle","year":"2001","unstructured":"Parle JV et al. (2001) Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in elderly people from one low serum thyrotropin result: a 10-year cohort study. Lancet 358: 861\u2013865","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01809","volume":"152","author":"B Biondi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Biondi B et al. (2005) Subclinical hyperthyroidism: clinical features and treatment options. Eur J Endocrinol 152: 1\u20139","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-63-2-349","volume":"63","author":"CA Spencer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Spencer CA et al. (1986) Thyrotropin secretion in thyrotoxic and thyroxine treated patients: assessment by a sensitive immunoenzymometric assay. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 63: 349\u2013355","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.1.6310","volume":"85","author":"AF Cailleux","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cailleux AF et al. (2000) Is diagnostic iodine-131 scanning useful after total thyroid ablation for differentiated thyroid cancer? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85: 175\u2013178","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5686","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.12.8065","volume":"86","author":"F Pacini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pacini F et al. (2001) Prediction of disease status by recombinant human TSH-stimulated serum Tg in the postsurgical follow-up of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86: 5686\u20135690","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Thyroid Association; Endocrine Society; American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (2004) Joint statement on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's decision regarding bioequivalence of levothyroxine sodium. Thyroid 14: 486","DOI":"10.1089\/1050725041517138"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR43","first-page":"242","volume":"1","author":"MT Hays","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hays MT (1991) Localization of human thyroxine absorption. Thyroid 1: 242\u2013248","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR44","first-page":"161","volume-title":"Diseases of the Thyroid","author":"PW Ladenson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ladenson PW (2003) Problems in the management of hypothyroidism. In Diseases of the Thyroid, edn 2, 161\u2013176 (Ed. Braverman LE) Totowa: Humana Press"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106073442302","volume":"344","author":"BM Arafah","year":"2001","unstructured":"Arafah BM (2001) Increased need for thyroxine in women with hypothyroidism during estrogen therapy. N Engl J Med 344: 1743\u20131749","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/28.3.427","volume":"28","author":"PJ Howanitz","year":"1982","unstructured":"Howanitz PJ et al. (1982) Incidence and mechanism of spurious increase in serum thyrotropin. Clin Chem 28: 427\u2013431","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR47","first-page":"2153","volume":"82","author":"SI Sherman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sherman SI et al. (1997) Augmented hepatic and skeletal thyromimetic effects of tiratricol in comparison with levothyroxine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82: 2153\u20132158","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1991.tb03509.x","volume":"35","author":"C Mechelany","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mechelany C et al. (1991) TRIAC (3,5,3'-triiodothyroacetic acid ) has parallel effects at pituitary and peripheral tissue levels in thyroid cancer patients treated with L-thyroxine. Clin Endocrinol 35: 123\u2013128","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-50-4-734","volume":"50","author":"JM Goldman","year":"1980","unstructured":"Goldman JM et al. (1980) Influence of triiodothyronine withdrawal time on 131I uptake post-thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 50: 734\u2013739","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902113400603","volume":"340","author":"R Bunevicius","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bunevicius R et al. (1999) Effects of thyroxine as compared with thyroxine plus triiodothyronine in patients with hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med 340: 424\u2013429","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4551","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030139","volume":"88","author":"AM Sawka","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sawka AM et al. (2003) Does a combination regimen of thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine improve depressive symptoms better than T4 alone in patients with hypothyroidism? Results of a double blind randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 4551\u20134555","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4543","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030249","volume":"88","author":"JP Walsh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Walsh JP et al. (2003) Combined thyroxine\/liothyronine treatment does not improve well-being, quality of life, or cognitive function compared to thyroxine alone: a randomized controlled trial in patients with primary hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 4543\u20134550","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.22.2952","volume":"290","author":"PW Clyde","year":"2003","unstructured":"Clyde PW et al. (2003) Combined levothyroxine plus liothyronine compared with levothyroxine alone in primary hypothyroidism. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 290: 2952\u20132958","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1089\/105072504323030924","volume":"14","author":"G Henneman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Henneman G et al. (2004) Thyroxine plus low-dose, slow release triiodothyronine replacement in hypothyroidism: proof of principle. Thyroid 14: 271\u2013275","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1672","volume":"90","author":"P Saravan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Saravan P et al. (2005) Partial substitution of thyroxine (T4) with triiodothyronine in patients on T4 replacement therapy: results of a large community-based randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 805\u2013812","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2666","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2111","volume":"90","author":"BC Appelhof","year":"2005","unstructured":"Appelhof BC et al. (2005) Combined therapy with levothyroxine and liothyronine in two ratios, compared with levothyroxine monotherapy in primary hypothyroidism: a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 2666\u20132674","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-6-200503150-00007","volume":"142","author":"HF Escobar-Morreale","year":"2005","unstructured":"Escobar-Morreale HF et al. (2005) Thyroid hormone replacement therapy in primary hypothyroidism: a randomized trial comparing L-thyroxine plus liothyronine with L-thyroxine alone. Ann Intern Med 142: 412\u2013424","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1306","volume":"90","author":"F Santini","year":"2005","unstructured":"Santini F et al. (2005) Lean body mass is a major determinant of levothyroxine dosage in the treatment of thyroid diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 124\u2013127","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420180077034","volume":"261","author":"CT Sawin","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sawin CT et al. (1989) The aging thyroid. The use of thyroid hormone in older person. JAMA 261: 2653\u20132655","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040079","volume":"351","author":"EK Alexander","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alexander EK et al. (2004) Timing and magnitude of increases in levothyroxine requirements during pregnancy in women with hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med 351: 241\u2013249","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8165","volume":"87","author":"S Andersen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Andersen S et al. (2002) Narrow individual variations in serum T4 and T3 in normal subjects: a clue to understanding of subclinical thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87: 1068\u20131072","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.3.338","volume":"162","author":"MC Sheppard","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sheppard MC et al. (2002) Levothyroxine treatment and occurrence of fracture of the hip. Arch Intern Med 162: 338\u2013343","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-7-200104030-00009","volume":"134","author":"DC Bauer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bauer DC et al. (2001) Risk for fracture in women with low serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone. Ann Intern Med 134: 561\u2013568","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR64","first-page":"818","volume":"78","author":"C Marcocci","year":"1994","unstructured":"Marcocci C et al. (1994) Carefully monitored levothyroxine therapy is not associated with bone loss in premenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78: 818\u2013823","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR65","first-page":"334","volume":"77","author":"B Biondi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Biondi B et al. (1993) Cardiac effects of long-term thyrotropin-suppressive therapy with levothyroxine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 77: 334\u2013338","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199411103311901","volume":"331","author":"CT Sawin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sawin CT et al. (1994) Low serum thyrotropin concentrations as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation in older persons. N Engl J Med 331: 1249\u20131252","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-137-11-200212030-00011","volume":"137","author":"B Biondi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Biondi B et al. (2002) Effects of subclinical thyroid dysfunction on the heart. Ann Intern Med 137: 904\u2013914","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR68","first-page":"1028","volume":"78","author":"B Biondi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Biondi B et al. (1994) Control of adrenergic overactivity by \u03b2-blockade improves quality of life in patients receiving long term suppressive therapy with levothyroxine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78: 1028\u20131033","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1177\/000331979204300402","volume":"43","author":"S Fazio","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fazio S et al. (1992) Evaluation by noninvasive methods of the effects of acute loss of thyroid hormone on the heart. Angiology 43: 287\u2013293","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1822","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.5.6520","volume":"85","author":"FM Bengel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bengel FM et al. (2000) Effect of thyroid hormones on cardiac function, geometry, and oxidative metabolism assessed noninvasively by positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85: 1822\u20131827","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"BFncpendmet0020_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020544","volume":"88","author":"B Biondi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Biondi B et al. (2003) Cardiovascular safety of acute recombinant human thyrotropin administration to patients monitored for differentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 211\u2013214","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpendmet0020.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpendmet0020","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpendmet0020.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T19:47:25Z","timestamp":1684439245000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncpendmet0020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]}},"alternative-id":["BFncpendmet0020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncpendmet0020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1745-8366","1745-8374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-8366","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-8374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]}}}