{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:54:08Z","timestamp":1790646848804,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]],"date-time":"2015-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]],"date-time":"2015-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]],"date-time":"2015-03-02T16:34:09Z","timestamp":1425314049000},"page":"366-375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Sox2 functions as a sequence-specific DNA sensor in neutrophils to initiate innate immunity against microbial infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Pengyan","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buqing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanling","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zusen","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFni3117_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-074942","volume":"30","author":"B Amulic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Amulic, B., Cazalet, C., Hayes, G.L., Metzler, K.D. & Zychlinsky, A. Neutrophil function: from mechanisms to disease. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 30, 459\u2013489 (2012).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3024","volume":"11","author":"A Mantovani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mantovani, A., Cassatella, M.A., Costantini, C. & Jaillon, S. Neutrophils in the activation and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 11, 519\u2013531 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.12.010","volume":"36","author":"AA Ajibade","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ajibade, A.A. et al. TAK1 negatively regulates NF-\u03baB and p38 MAP kinase activation in Gr-1+CD11b+ neutrophils. Immunity 36, 43\u201354 (2012).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20111908","volume":"209","author":"BN Jaeger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jaeger, B.N. et al. Neutrophil depletion impairs natural killer cell maturation, function, and homeostasis. J. Exp. Med. 209, 565\u2013580 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2921","volume":"15","author":"WM Nauseef","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nauseef, W.M. & Borregaard, N. Neutrophils at work. Nat. Immunol. 15, 602\u2013611 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2000.17706.x","volume":"177","author":"P Scapini","year":"2000","unstructured":"Scapini, P. et al. The neutrophil as a cellular source of chemokines. Immunol. Rev. 177, 195\u2013203 (2000).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359","volume":"20","author":"CA Janeway Jr.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Janeway, C.A. Jr. & Medzhitov, R. Innate immune recognition. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 20, 197\u2013216 (2002).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.02.015","volume":"124","author":"S Akira","year":"2006","unstructured":"Akira, S., Uematsu, S. & Takeuchi, O. Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. Cell 124, 783\u2013801 (2006).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2011.08.004","volume":"32","author":"SE Keating","year":"2011","unstructured":"Keating, S.E., Baran, M. & Bowie, A.G. Cytosolic DNA sensors regulating type I interferon induction. Trends Immunol. 32, 574\u2013581 (2011).","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120156","volume":"32","author":"J Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu, J. & Chen, Z.J. Innate immune sensing and signaling of cytosolic nucleic acids. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 32, 461\u2013488 (2014).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5000","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.8.5000","volume":"166","author":"M Bauer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bauer, M. et al. Bacterial CpG-DNA triggers activation and maturation of human CD11c\u2212, CD123+ dendritic cells. J. Immunol. 166, 5000\u20135007 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07725","volume":"458","author":"V Hornung","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hornung, V. et al. AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC. Nature 458, 514\u2013518 (2009).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06013","volume":"448","author":"A Takaoka","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takaoka, A. et al. DAI (DLM-1\/ZBP1) is a cytosolic DNA sensor and an activator of innate immune response. Nature 448, 501\u2013505 (2007).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06537","volume":"451","author":"KJ Ishii","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ishii, K.J. et al. TANK-binding kinase-1 delineates innate and adaptive immune responses to DNA vaccines. Nature 451, 725\u2013729 (2008).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1932","volume":"11","author":"L Unterholzner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Unterholzner, L. et al. IFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA. Nat. Immunol. 11, 997\u20131004 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2091","volume":"12","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. et al. The helicase DDX41 senses intracellular DNA mediated by the adaptor STING in dendritic cells. Nat. Immunol. 12, 959\u2013965 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1244040","volume":"341","author":"XD Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"Li, X.D. et al. Pivotal roles of cGAS-cGAMP signaling in antiviral defense and immune adjuvant effects. Science 341, 1390\u20131394 (2013).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232458","volume":"339","author":"L Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun, L., Wu, J., Du, F., Chen, X. & Chen, Z.J. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates the type I interferon pathway. Science 339, 786\u2013791 (2013).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229963","volume":"339","author":"J Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wu, J. et al. Cyclic GMP-AMP is an endogenous second messenger in innate immune signaling by cytosolic DNA. Science 339, 826\u2013830 (2013).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.12.007","volume":"12","author":"A Sarkar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sarkar, A. & Hochedlinger, K. The sox family of transcription factors: versatile regulators of stem and progenitor cell fate. Cell Stem Cell 12, 15\u201330 (2013).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2011.09.001","volume":"9","author":"K Arnold","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arnold, K. et al. Sox2+ adult stem and progenitor cells are important for tissue regeneration and survival of mice. Cell Stem Cell 9, 317\u2013329 (2011).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.10.130","volume":"351","author":"S Tsuruzoe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tsuruzoe, S. et al. Inhibition of DNA binding of Sox2 by the SUMO conjugation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 351, 920\u2013926 (2006).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2007.05.019","volume":"39","author":"V Lefebvre","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lefebvre, V., Dumitriu, B., Penzo-Mendez, A., Han, Y. & Pallavi, B. Control of cell fate and differentiation by Sry-related high-mobility-group box (Sox) transcription factors. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 39, 2195\u20132214 (2007).","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(02)00223-X","volume":"3","author":"GE Schepers","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schepers, G.E., Teasdale, R.D. & Koopman, P. Twenty pairs of sox: extent, homology, and nomenclature of the mouse and human sox transcription factor gene families. Dev. Cell 3, 167\u2013170 (2002).","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.224503","volume":"17","author":"AA Avilion","year":"2003","unstructured":"Avilion, A.A. et al. Multipotent cell lineages in early mouse development depend on SOX2 function. Genes Dev. 17, 126\u2013140 (2003).","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.05.005","volume":"10","author":"S Yamanaka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yamanaka, S. Induced pluripotent stem cells: past, present, and future. Cell Stem Cell 10, 678\u2013684 (2012).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1282","volume":"7","author":"KJ Ishii","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ishii, K.J. et al. A Toll-like receptor-independent antiviral response induced by double-stranded B-form DNA. Nat. Immunol. 7, 40\u201348 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.10.005","volume":"13","author":"S Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, S. et al. Transient activation of autophagy via Sox2-mediated suppression of mTOR is an important early step in reprogramming to pluripotency. Cell Stem Cell 13, 617\u2013625 (2013).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.04.043","volume":"133","author":"X Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen, X. et al. Integration of external signaling pathways with the core transcriptional network in embryonic stem cells. Cell 133, 1106\u20131117 (2008).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00786","volume":"2","author":"M Liu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu, M. et al. Formylpeptide receptors are critical for rapid neutrophil mobilization in host defense against Listeria monocytogenes. Sci. Rep. 2, 786 (2012).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5293","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101721","volume":"187","author":"C Shi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shi, C. et al. Ly6G+ neutrophils are dispensable for defense against systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection. J. Immunol. 187, 5293\u20135298 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19481","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M702056200","volume":"282","author":"J Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li, J. et al. A dominant-negative form of mouse SOX2 induces trophectoderm differentiation and progressive polyploidy in mouse embryonic stem cells. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 19481\u201319492 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.05.006","volume":"26","author":"M Lu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lu, M. et al. XIAP induces NF-\u03baB activation via the BIR1\/TAB1 interaction and BIR1 dimerization. Mol. Cell 26, 689\u2013702 (2007).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.04.008","volume":"9","author":"N Kerur","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kerur, N. et al. IFI16 acts as a nuclear pathogen sensor to induce the inflammasome in response to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection. Cell Host Microbe 9, 363\u2013375 (2011).","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2012.01108.x","volume":"246","author":"ZJ Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen, Z.J. Ubiquitination in signaling to and activation of IKK. Immunol. Rev. 246, 95\u2013106 (2012).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1170604","volume":"18","author":"C Kanei-Ishii","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kanei-Ishii, C. et al. Wnt-1 signal induces phosphorylation and degradation of c-Myb protein via TAK1, HIPK2, and NLK. Genes Dev. 18, 816\u2013829 (2004).","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb0805-758","volume":"7","author":"ZJ Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen, Z.J. Ubiquitin signalling in the NF-\u03baB pathway. Nat. Cell Biol. 7, 758\u2013765 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.05.006","volume":"34","author":"T Kawai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kawai, T. & Akira, S. Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity. Immunity 34, 637\u2013650 (2011).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2014.85","volume":"24","author":"P Xia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xia, P. et al. RNF2 is recruited by WASH to ubiquitinate AMBRA1 leading to downregulation of autophagy. Cell Res. 24, 943\u2013958 (2014).","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20140169","volume":"211","author":"P Xia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xia, P. et al. WASH is required for the differentiation commitment of hematopoietic stem cells in a c-Myc-dependent manner. J. Exp. Med. 211, 2119\u20132134 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202542","volume":"190","author":"L Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang, L. et al. Identification of SERPINB1 as a physiological inhibitor of human granzyme H. J. Immunol. 190, 1319\u20131330 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2013.189","volume":"32","author":"P Xia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xia, P. et al. WASH inhibits autophagy through suppression of Beclin 1 ubiquitination. EMBO J. 32, 2685\u20132696 (2013).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"BFni3117_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1038\/35085597","volume":"412","author":"C Wang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wang, C. et al. TAK1 is a ubiquitin-dependent kinase of MKK and IKK. Nature 412, 346\u2013351 (2001).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFni3117_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.143","volume":"8","author":"FA Ran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ran, F.A. et al. Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Nat. Protoc. 8, 2281\u20132308 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."}],"container-title":["Nature Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ni.3117.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ni.3117","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ni.3117.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T13:50:20Z","timestamp":1744293020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ni.3117"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BFni3117"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.3117","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-2908","1529-2916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-2908","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-2916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 November 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}