{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:04:04Z","timestamp":1790078644434,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,8]],"date-time":"2013-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378598400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,8]],"date-time":"2013-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,8]],"date-time":"2013-09-08T17:17:11Z","timestamp":1378660631000},"page":"1313-1317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":390,"title":["Treatment with interferon-\u03b12b and ribavirin improves outcome in MERS-CoV\u2013infected rhesus macaques"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Darryl","family":"Falzarano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmie","family":"de Wit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela L","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friederike","family":"Feldmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Okumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana P","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"Brining","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trenton","family":"Bushmaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Martellaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Baseler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arndt G","family":"Benecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G","family":"Katze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent J","family":"Munster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinz","family":"Feldmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnm3362_CR1","unstructured":"Anonymous. MERS-COV - Eastern Mediterranean (65) Saudi Arabia, RFI, Qatar. ProMED 20130904.1919328 (2013)."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1215691","volume":"368","author":"VJ Munster","year":"2013","unstructured":"Munster, V.J., de Wit, E. & Feldmann, H. Pneumonia from human coronavirus in a macaque model. N. Engl. J. Med. 368, 1560\u20131562 (2013).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR3","unstructured":"de Wit, E. et al. Novel human betacoronavirus causes a transient lower respiratory tract infection in a rhesus macaque model. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (in the press)."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR4","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: Severe respiratory illness associated with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)\u2013worldwide, 2012\u20132013. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 62, 480\u2013483 (2013)."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.07.001","volume":"17","author":"AS Omrani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Omrani, A.S. et al. A family cluster of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus infections related to a likely unrecognized asymptomatic or mild case. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 17, e668\u2013e672 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01686","volume":"3","author":"D Falzarano","year":"2013","unstructured":"Falzarano, D. et al. Inhibition of novel beta coronavirus replication by a combination of interferon-alpha2b and ribavirin. Sci. Rep. 3, 1686 (2013).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00473","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00473-12","volume":"3","author":"S van Boheemen","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Boheemen, S. et al. Genomic characterization of a newly discovered coronavirus associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome in humans. mBio 3, e00473\u201312 (2012).","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","volume":"367","author":"AM Zaki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zaki, A.M., van Boheemen, S., Bestebroer, T.M., Osterhaus, A.D. & Fouchier, R.A. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N. Engl. J. Med. 367, 1814\u20131820 (2012).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e343","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030343","volume":"3","author":"LJ Stockman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stockman, L.J., Bellamy, R. & Garner, P. SARS: systematic review of treatment effects. PLoS Med. 3, e343 (2006).","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.00956.x","volume":"10","author":"YO Soo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Soo, Y.O. et al. Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 10, 676\u2013678 (2004).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR11","first-page":"1173","volume":"8","author":"JC Ho","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ho, J.C. et al. Pentaglobin in steroid-resistant severe acute respiratory syndrome. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. 8, 1173\u20131179 (2004).","journal-title":"Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1271-9","volume":"24","author":"Y Cheng","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cheng, Y. et al. Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 24, 44\u201346 (2005).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13412-5","volume":"361","author":"JS Peiris","year":"2003","unstructured":"Peiris, J.S. et al. Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: a prospective study. Lancet 361, 1767\u20131772 (2003).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.014076","volume":"59","author":"JJ Sung","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sung, J.J. et al. Severe acute respiratory syndrome: report of treatment and outcome after a major outbreak. Thorax 59, 414\u2013420 (2004).","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.21.JOC30885","volume":"289","author":"CM Booth","year":"2003","unstructured":"Booth, C.M. et al. Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 289, 2801\u20132809 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR16","first-page":"399","volume":"9","author":"KS Chan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chan, K.S. et al. Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir\/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study. Hong Kong Med. J. 9, 399\u2013406 (2003).","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med. J."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.2003.012658","volume":"59","author":"CM Chu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chu, C.M. et al. Role of lopinavir\/ritonavir in the treatment of SARS: initial virological and clinical findings. Thorax 59, 252\u2013256 (2004).","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3222","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.24.3222","volume":"290","author":"MR Loutfy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Loutfy, M.R. et al. Interferon alfacon-1 plus corticosteroids in severe acute respiratory syndrome: a preliminary study. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 290, 3222\u20133228 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR19","first-page":"20285","volume":"17","author":"VM Corman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Corman, V.M. et al. Detection of a novel human coronavirus by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Euro Surveill. 17, 20285 (2012).","journal-title":"Euro Surveill."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23985","volume":"53","author":"E Thomas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thomas, E. et al. Ribavirin potentiates interferon action by augmenting interferon-stimulated gene induction in hepatitis C virus cell culture models. Hepatology 53, 32\u201341 (2011).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7034","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707882105","volume":"105","author":"M Sarasin-Filipowicz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sarasin-Filipowicz, M. et al. Interferon signaling and treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis C. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 7034\u20137039 (2013).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002377","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002377","volume":"8","author":"D Menshykau","year":"2012","unstructured":"Menshykau, D., Kraemer, C. & Iber, D. Branch mode selection during early lung development. PLOS Comput. Biol. 8, e1002377 (2012).","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-010-0738-2","volume":"134","author":"M Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang, M., Wang, H., Teng, H., Shi, J. & Zhang, Y. Expression of SHH signaling pathway components in the developing human lung. Histochem. Cell Biol. 134, 327\u2013335 (2010).","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36257","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M806786200","volume":"283","author":"M Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li, M. et al. Mesodermal deletion of transforming growth factor-\u03b2 receptor II disrupts lung epithelial morphogenesis: cross-talk between TGF-\u03b2 and Sonic hedgehog pathways. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 36257\u201336264 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0347OC","volume":"48","author":"L Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu, L. et al. Hedgehog signaling in neonatal and adult lung. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 48, 703\u2013710 (2013).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3743","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.004879","volume":"134","author":"AC White","year":"2007","unstructured":"White, A.C., Lavine, K.J. & Ornitz, D.M. FGF9 and SHH regulate mesenchymal Vegfa expression and development of the pulmonary capillary network. Development 134, 3743\u20133752 (2007).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.02313","volume":"133","author":"AC White","year":"2006","unstructured":"White, A.C. et al. FGF9 and SHH signaling coordinate lung growth and development through regulation of distinct mesenchymal domains. Development 133, 1507\u20131517 (2006).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.08.019","volume":"181","author":"N Cigna","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cigna, N. et al. The hedgehog system machinery controls transforming growth factor-beta-dependent myofibroblastic differentiation in humans: involvement in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am. J. Pathol. 181, 2126\u20132137 (2012).","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2613.2010.00743.x","volume":"92","author":"PM Fitch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fitch, P.M., Howie, S.E. & Wallace, W.A. Oxidative damage and TGF-\u03b2 differentially induce lung epithelial cell sonic hedgehog and tenascin-C expression: implications for the regulation of lung remodelling in idiopathic interstitial lung disease. Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 92, 8\u201317 (2011).","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2010.09.002","volume":"1803","author":"G Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang, G. et al. Activation of the sonic hedgehog signaling controls human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation in response to hypoxia. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1803, 1359\u20131367 (2010).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3615","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-010-0473-8","volume":"38","author":"Y Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang, Y. et al. Protection from lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell injury by activation of hedgehog signaling pathway. Mol. Biol. Rep. 38, 3615\u20133622 (2011).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21142","volume":"100","author":"MS Pogach","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pogach, M.S., Cao, Y., Millien, G., Ramirez, M.I. & Williams, M.C. Key developmental regulators change during hyperoxia-induced injury and recovery in adult mouse lung. J. Cell. Biochem. 100, 1415\u20131429 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Health Protection Agency (HPA) UK Novel Coronavirus Investigation team. Evidence of person-to-person transmission within a family cluster of novel coronavirus infections, United Kingdom, February 2013. Euro Surveill. 18, 20427 (2013).","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.18.11.20427-en"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR34","first-page":"389","volume":"60","author":"DL Brining","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brining, D.L. et al. Thoracic radiography as a refinement methodology for the study of H1N1 influenza in cynomologus macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Comp. Med. 60, 389\u2013395 (2010).","journal-title":"Comp. Med."},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05495","volume":"445","author":"D Kobasa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kobasa, D. et al. Aberrant innate immune response in lethal infection of macaques with the 1918 influenza virus. Nature 445, 319\u2013323 (2007).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/S1672-0229(06)60021-1","volume":"4","author":"S Noth","year":"2006","unstructured":"Noth, S., Brysbaert, G. & Benecke, A. Normalization using weighted negative second order exponential error functions (NeONORM) provides robustness against asymmetries in comparative transcriptome profiles and avoids false calls. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 4, 90\u2013109 (2006).","journal-title":"Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics"},{"key":"BFnm3362_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr143","volume":"27","author":"C B\u00e9cavin","year":"2011","unstructured":"B\u00e9cavin, C., Tchitchek, N., Mintsa-Eya, C., Lesne, A. & Benecke, A. Improving the efficiency of multidimensional scaling in the analysis of high-dimensional data using singular value decomposition. Bioinformatics 27, 1413\u20131421 (2011).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"}],"container-title":["Nature Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm.3362.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm.3362","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm.3362.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T10:24:47Z","timestamp":1744280687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm.3362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,8]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnm3362"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.3362","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-8956","1546-170X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-8956","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-170X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2013","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2013","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}