{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:41:24Z","timestamp":1790185284848,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,8]],"date-time":"2008-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212883200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,8]],"date-time":"2008-06-08T13:14:46Z","timestamp":1212930886000},"page":"762-771","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Membrane potential shifts caused by diffusible guidance signals direct growth-cone turning"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Makoto","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie J","family":"von Schimmelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunobu","family":"Togashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William M","family":"Findley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyonsoo","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnn2130_CR1","volume-title":"Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes","author":"B Hille","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hille, B. Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes (Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts, 2001)."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/16927","volume":"397","author":"TM Gomez","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gomez, T.M. & Spitzer, N.C. In vivo regulation of axon extension and pathfinding by growth-cone calcium transients. Nature 397, 350\u2013355 (1999).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.19.030196.002013","volume":"19","author":"CS Goodman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Goodman, C.S. Mechanisms and molecules that control growth cone guidance. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 19, 341\u2013377 (1996).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1038\/nn748","volume":"4","author":"TW Yu","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yu, T.W. & Bargmann, C.I. Dynamic regulation of axon guidance. Nat. Neurosci. 4, 1169\u20131176 (2001).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.22.1.351","volume":"22","author":"BK Mueller","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mueller, B.K. Growth cone guidance: steps towards a deeper understanding. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 22, 351\u2013358 (1999).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(99)80052-X","volume":"9","author":"HJ Song","year":"1999","unstructured":"Song, H.J. & Poo, M.M. Signal transduction underlying growth cone guidance by diffusible factors. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 9, 355\u2013363 (1999).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5290.1123","volume":"274","author":"M Tessier-Lavigne","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tessier-Lavigne, M. & Goodman, C.S. The molecular biology of axon guidance. Science 274, 1123\u20131133 (1996).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/43441","volume":"401","author":"VH H\u00f6pker","year":"1999","unstructured":"H\u00f6pker, V.H., Shewan, D., Tessier-Lavigne, M., Poo, M.M. & Holt, C. Growth cone attraction to netrin-1 is converted to repulsion by laminin-1. Nature 401, 69\u201373 (1999).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR9","first-page":"RE1","volume":"119","author":"Z He","year":"2002","unstructured":"He, Z., Wang, K.C., Koprivica, V., Ming, G.L. & Song, H.J. Knowing how to navigate: mechanisms of semaphorin signaling in the nervous system. Sci. STKE 119, RE1 (2002).","journal-title":"Sci. STKE"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(03)00003-5","volume":"13","author":"RJ Pasterkamp","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pasterkamp, R.J. & Kolodkin, A.L. Semaphorin junction: making tracks toward neural connectivity. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 13, 79\u201389 (2003).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2004.04.006","volume":"14","author":"JR Henley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Henley, J.R. & Poo, M. Guiding neuronal growth cones using Ca2+ signals. Trends Cell Biol. 14, 320\u2013330 (2004).","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1844","volume":"7","author":"TM Gomez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gomez, T.M. & Zheng, J.Q. The molecular basis for calcium-dependent axon pathfinding. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 115\u2013125 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/47507","volume":"403","author":"K Hong","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hong, K., Nishiyama, M., Henley, J., Tessier-Lavigne, M. & Poo, M. Calcium signalling in the guidance of nerve growth by netrin-1. Nature 403, 93\u201398 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03478","volume":"434","author":"GX Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang, G.X. & Poo, M. Requirement of TRPC channels in netrin-1-induced chemotropic turning of nerve growth cones. Nature 434, 898\u2013904 (2005).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00217-3","volume":"29","author":"G Ming","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ming, G., Henley, J., Tessier-Lavigne, M., Song, H.-J. & Poo, M. Electrical activity modulates growth cone guidance by diffusible factors. Neuron 29, 441\u2013452 (2001).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.030","volume":"44","author":"JR Henley","year":"2004","unstructured":"Henley, J.R., Huang, K.H., Wang, D. & Poo, M.M. Calcium mediates bidirectional growth cone turning induced by myelin-associated glycoprotein. Neuron 44, 909\u2013916 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01751","volume":"423","author":"M Nishiyama","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nishiyama, M. et al. Cyclic AMP\/GMP-dependent modulation of Ca2+ channels sets the polarity of nerve growth-cone turning. Nature 423, 990\u2013995 (2003).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1459","volume":"8","author":"S Shim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shim, S. et al. XTRPC1-dependent chemotropic guidance of neuronal growth cones. Nat. Neurosci. 8, 730\u2013735 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5382.1515","volume":"281","author":"H Song","year":"1998","unstructured":"Song, H. et al. Conversion of neuronal growth cone responses from repulsion to attraction by cyclic nucleotides. Science 281, 1515\u20131518 (1998).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6639","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1104-04.2004","volume":"24","author":"JC Ayoob","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ayoob, J.C., Yu, H., Terman, J.R. & Kolodkin, A.L. The Drosophila receptor guanylyl cyclase Gyc76C is required for semaphorin-1a-Plexin A-mediated axonal repulsion. J. Neurosci. 24, 6639\u20136649 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/40864","volume":"388","author":"H-J Song","year":"1997","unstructured":"Song, H.-J., Ming, G.-L. & Poo, M.M. cAMP-induced switching in turning direction of nerve growth cones. Nature 388, 275\u2013279 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80414-6","volume":"19","author":"G-L Ming","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ming, G.-L., Song, H.-J., Berninger, B., Holt, C.E., Tessier-Lavigne, M. & Poo, M.M. cAMP-dependent growth cone guidance by netrin-1. Neuron 19, 1225\u20131235 (1997).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/35007001","volume":"404","author":"F Polleux","year":"2000","unstructured":"Polleux, F., Morrow, T. & Ghosh, A. Semaphorin 3A is a chemoattractant for cortical apical dendrites. Nature 404, 567\u2013573 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80804-1","volume":"97","author":"K Hong","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hong, K. et al. A ligand-gated association between cytoplasmic domains of UNC5 and DCC family receptors converts netrin-induced growth cone attraction to repulsion. Cell 97, 927\u2013941 (1999).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1058445","volume":"291","author":"E Stein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stein, E. & Tessier-Lavigne, M. Hierarchical organization of guidance receptors: silencing of netrin attraction by slit through a Robo\/DCC receptor complex. Science 291, 1928\u20131938 (2001).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn920","volume":"3","author":"Y Ben-Ari","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ben-Ari, Y. Excitatory actions of GABA during development: the nature of the nurture. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3, 728\u2013739 (2002).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.08-03-00792.1988","volume":"8","author":"DK O'Dowd","year":"1988","unstructured":"O'Dowd, D.K., Ribera, A.B. & Spitzer, N.C. Development of voltage-dependent calcium, sodium, and potassium currents in Xenopus spinal neurons. J. Neurosci. 8, 792\u2013805 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80626-1","volume":"21","author":"F Nakamura","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nakamura, F., Tanaka, M., Takahashi, T., Falb, R.G. & Strittmatter, S.M. Neuropilin-1 extracellular domains mediate semaphoring D\/III-induced growth cone collapse. Neuron 21, 1093\u20131100 (1998).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4695(199709)33:3<316::AID-NEU9>3.0.CO;2-4","volume":"33","author":"Y Goshima","year":"1997","unstructured":"Goshima, Y. et al. A novel action of collapsin: collapsin-1 increases antero- and retrograde axoplasmic transport independently of growth cone collapse. J. Neurobiol. 33, 316\u2013328 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Neurobiol."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80413-4","volume":"19","author":"JR de la Torre","year":"1997","unstructured":"de la Torre, J.R. et al. Turning of retinal growth cones in a netrin-1 gradient mediated by the netrin receptor DCC. Neuron 19, 1211\u20131224 (1997).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1038\/381322a0","volume":"381","author":"D Zecevic","year":"1996","unstructured":"Zecevic, D. Multiple spike-initiation zones in single neurons revealed by voltage-sensitive dyes. Nature 381, 322\u2013325 (1996).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/368140a0","volume":"368","author":"JQ Zheng","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zheng, J.Q., Felder, M., Connor, J.A. & Poo, M.M. Turning of nerve growth cones induced by neurotransmitters. Nature 368, 140\u2013144 (1994).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR33","first-page":"101","volume":"154","author":"CK Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen, C.K. The vertebrate phototransduction cascade: amplification and termination mechanisms. Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol. 154, 101\u2013121 (2005).","journal-title":"Rev. Physiol. Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1596","volume":"8","author":"T Toyofuku","year":"2005","unstructured":"Toyofuku, T. et al. FARP2 triggers signals for Sema3A-mediated axonal repulsion. Nat. Neurosci. 8, 1712\u20131719 (2005).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092121","volume":"303","author":"JR Terman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Terman, J.R. & Kolodkin, A.L. Nervy links protein kinase A to Plexin-mediated semaphorin repulsion. Science 303, 1204\u20131207 (2004).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13501","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.23.13501","volume":"96","author":"O Behar","year":"1999","unstructured":"Behar, O., Mizuno, K., Badminton, M. & Woolf, C.J. Semaphorin 3A growth cone collapse requires a sequence homologous to tarantula hanatoxin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 13501\u201313505 (1999).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1038\/nn919","volume":"5","author":"D Shewan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shewan, D., Dwivedy, A., Anderson, R. & Holt, C.E. Age-related changes underlie switch in netrin-1 responsiveness as growth cones advance along visual pathway. Nat. Neurosci. 5, 955\u2013962 (2002).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8538","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-21-08538.2001","volume":"21","author":"DS Campbell","year":"2001","unstructured":"Campbell, D.S. et al. Semaphorin 3A elicits stage-dependent collapse, turning, and branching in Xenopus retinal growth cones. J. Neurosci. 21, 8538\u20138547 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.26.010302.081139","volume":"26","author":"AB Huber","year":"2003","unstructured":"Huber, A.B., Kolodkin, A.L., Ginty, D.D. & Cloutier, J.F. Signaling at the growth cone: ligand-receptor complexes and the control of axon growth and guidance. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 26, 509\u2013563 (2003).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00157-6","volume":"42","author":"C Guirland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Guirland, C., Suzuki, S., Kojima, M., Lu, B. & Zheng, J.Q. Lipid rafts mediate chemotropic guidance of nerve growth cones. Neuron 42, 51\u201362 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR41","unstructured":"Togashi, K. et al. Cyclic GMP-gated CNG channels function in Sema3A-induced growth cone repulsion. Neuron (in the press)."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.04-12-02939.1984","volume":"4","author":"NB Patel","year":"1984","unstructured":"Patel, N.B. & Poo, M.M. Perturbation of the direction of neurite growth by pulsed and focal electric fields. J. Neurosci. 4, 2939\u20132947 (1984).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/47501","volume":"403","author":"JQ Zheng","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zheng, J.Q. Turning of nerve growth cones induced by direct focal elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Nature 403, 89\u201393 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00330-6","volume":"12","author":"NC Spitzer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Spitzer, N.C., Kingston, P.A., Manning, T.J. Jr & Conklin, M.W. Outside and in: development of neuronal excitability. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12, 315\u2013323 (2002).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(99)80011-7","volume":"9","author":"MC Crair","year":"1999","unstructured":"Crair, M.C. Neuronal activity during development: permissive or instructive? Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 9, 88\u201393 (1999).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"BFnn2130_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.08.018","volume":"43","author":"MG Hanson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hanson, M.G. & Landmesser, L.T. Normal patterns of spontaneous activity are required for correct motor axon guidance and the expression of specific guidance molecules. Neuron 43, 687\u2013701 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuron"}],"container-title":["Nature Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn.2130.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn.2130","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn.2130.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T20:01:48Z","timestamp":1684440108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn.2130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,8]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnn2130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.2130","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1124002.581113","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1097-6256","1546-1726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1097-6256","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-1726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,8]]}}}