{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T08:20:15Z","timestamp":1791102015939,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,19]],"date-time":"2008-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1205884800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2008.31","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,19]],"date-time":"2008-03-19T11:36:16Z","timestamp":1205926576000},"page":"3103-3110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Carbon Dioxide-Induced Emotion and Respiratory Symptoms in Healthy Volunteers"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Colasanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Salamon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"Schruers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob","family":"van Diest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlies","family":"van Duinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric J","family":"Griez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20179","volume":"23","author":"K Abrams","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abrams K, Rassovsky Y, Kushner MG (2006). Evidence for respiratory and nonrespiratory subtypes in panic disorder. Depress Anxiety 23: 474\u2013481.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR2","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2000). DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn, Text Revision American Psychiatric Association: Washington, DC."},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR3","first-page":"175","volume":"7","author":"N Argyle","year":"1989","unstructured":"Argyle N, Roth M (1989). The definition of panic attacks, Part I. Psychiatr Dev 7: 175\u2013186.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Dev"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(01)00075-0","volume":"27","author":"SV Argyropoulos","year":"2002","unstructured":"Argyropoulos SV, Bailey JE, Hood SD, Kendrick AH, Rich AS, Laszlo G et al (2002). Inhalation of 35% CO(2) results in activation of the HPA axis in healthy volunteers. Psychoneuroendocrinology 27: 715\u2013729.","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR5","first-page":"8","volume":"49","author":"TA Aronson","year":"1988","unstructured":"Aronson TA, Logue CM (1988). Phenomenology of panic attacks: a descriptive study of panic disorder patient's self-reports. J Clin Psychiatry 49: 8\u201313.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR6","first-page":"274","volume":"5","author":"C Bass","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bass C, Kartsounis L, Lelliott P (1987). Hyperventilation and its relationship to anxiety and panic. Integr Psychiatry 5: 274\u2013291.","journal-title":"Integr Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2004.06.013","volume":"29","author":"M Battaglia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Battaglia M, Ogliari A (2005). Anxiety and panic: from human studies to animal research and back. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 29: 169\u2013179.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.5.739","volume":"156","author":"B Biber","year":"1999","unstructured":"Biber B, Alkin T (1999). Panic disorder subtypes: differential responses to CO2 challenge. Am J Psychiatry 156: 739\u2013744.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.11.1566","volume":"154","author":"C Bouwer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bouwer C, Stein DJ (1997). Association of panic disorder with a history of traumatic suffocation. Am J Psychiatry 154: 1566\u20131570.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.163.2.201","volume":"63","author":"AC Briggs","year":"1993","unstructured":"Briggs AC, Stretch DD, Brandon S (1993). Subtyping of panic disorder by symptom profile. Br J Psychiatry 63: 201\u2013209.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.1.79","volume":"161","author":"D Caldirola","year":"2004","unstructured":"Caldirola D, Bellodi L, Caumo A, Migliarese G, Perna G (2004). Approximate entropy of respiratory patterns in panic disorder. Am J Psychiatry 161: 79\u201387.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0887-6185(91)90014-K","volume":"5","author":"BJ Cox","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cox BJ, Endler NS, Swinson RP (1991). Clinical and nonclinical panic attacks: an empirical test of a panic-anxiety continuum. J Anxiety Disord 5: 21\u201334.","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(94)90274-7","volume":"35","author":"BJ Cox","year":"1994","unstructured":"Cox BJ, Swinson RP, Endler NS, Norton GR (1994). The symptom structure of panic attacks. Compr Psychiatry 35: 349\u2013353.","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR14","volume-title":"The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness","author":"A Damasio","year":"1999","unstructured":"Damasio A (1999). The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness. Harcourt Brace: New York."},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01553.x","volume":"90","author":"E de Beurs","year":"1994","unstructured":"de Beurs E, Garssen B, Bouikhuisen M, Lange A, van Balkom A, Van Dyck R (1994). Continuous monitoring of panic. Acta Psychiatr Scand 90: 38\u201345.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.2.645","volume":"122","author":"RD Goodwin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goodwin RD, Pine DS (2002). Respiratory disease and panic attacks among adults in the United States. Chest 122: 645\u2013650.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.4.493","volume":"157","author":"JM Gorman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gorman JM, Kent JM, Sullivan GM, Coplan JD (2000). Neuroanatomical hypothesis of panic disorder, revised. Am J Psychiatry 157: 493\u2013505.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(87)90001-1","volume":"20","author":"E Griez","year":"1987","unstructured":"Griez E, Lousberg H, van den Hout MA, van der Molen MG (1987). CO2 vulnerability in panic disorder. Psychiatry Res 20: 87\u201395.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e987","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000987","volume":"2","author":"EJ Griez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Griez EJ, Colasanti A, van Diest R, Salamon E, Schruers K (2007). Carbon dioxide inhalation induces dose-dependent and age-related negative affectivity. PLoS ONE 2: e987.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1997)6:4<147::AID-DA3>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"6","author":"E Horwath","year":"1997","unstructured":"Horwath E, Adams P, Wickramaratne P, Pine D, Weissman MM (1997). Panic disorder with smothering symptoms: evidence for increased risk in first-degree relatives. Depress Anxiety 6: 147\u2013153.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.03.005","volume":"104","author":"T Ietsugu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ietsugu T, Sukigara M, Furukawa TA (2007). Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for panic attack using item response theory: finding from the National Comorbidity Survey in USA. J Affect Disord 104: 197\u2013201.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1615-0","volume":"48","author":"JM Kaye","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kaye JM, Corrall RJ, Lightman SL (2005). A new test for autonomic cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses in diabetes mellitus: evidence for early vagal dysfunction. Diabetologia 48: 180\u2013186.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR23","first-page":"282","volume":"49","author":"DF Klein","year":"1993","unstructured":"Klein DF (1993). False suffocation alarms, spontaneous panics and related conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49: 282\u2013288.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(92)90046-J","volume":"30","author":"R Ley","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ley R (1992). The many faces of Pan: psychological and physiological differences among three types of panic attacks. Behav Res Ther 30: 347\u2013357.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(94)00037-K","volume":"33","author":"RJ McNally","year":"1995","unstructured":"McNally RJ, Hornig CD, Donnell CD (1995). Clinical versus nonclinical panic: a test of suffocation false alarm theory. Behav Res Ther 33: 127\u2013131.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2005.09.006","volume":"40","author":"AE Meuret","year":"2006","unstructured":"Meuret AE, White KS, Ritz T, Roth WT, Hofmann SG, Brown TA (2006). Panic attack symptom dimensions and their relationship to illness characteristics in panic disorder. J Psychiatr Res 40: 520\u2013527.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445501254005","volume":"25","author":"JE Moynihan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moynihan JE, Gevirtz RN (2001). Respiratory and cognitive subtypes of panic. Preliminary validation of Ley's model. Behav Modif 25: 555\u2013583.","journal-title":"Behav Modif"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(03)00132-X","volume":"120","author":"AE Nardi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Nardi AE, Nascimento I, Valenca AM, Lopes FL, Mezzasalma MA, Zin WA et al (2003). Respiratory panic disorder subtype: acute and long-term response to nortriptyline, a noradrenergic tricyclic antidepressant. Psychiatry Res 120: 283\u2013293.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2005.07.007","volume":"47","author":"AE Nardi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nardi AE, Valenca AM, Lopes FL, Nascimento I, Veras AB, Freire RC et al (2006a). Psychopathological profile of 35% CO2 challenge test-induced panic attacks: a comparison with spontaneous panic attacks. Compr Psychiatry 47: 209\u2013214.","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20165","volume":"23","author":"AE Nardi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nardi AE, Valenca AM, Mezzasalma MA, Lopes FL, Nascimento I, Veras AB et al (2006b). 35% Carbon dioxide and breath-holding challenge tests in panic disorder: a comparison with spontaneous panic attacks. Depress Anxiety 23: 236\u2013244.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20253","volume":"24","author":"E Onur","year":"2006","unstructured":"Onur E, Alkin T, Tural U (2006). Panic disorder subtypes: further clinical differences. Depress Anxiety 24: 479\u2013486.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195096736.001.0001","volume-title":"Affective Neuroscience, the Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions","author":"J Panksepp","year":"1998","unstructured":"Panksepp J (1998). Affective Neuroscience, the Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions. Oxford University Press: London."},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.07.029","volume":"32","author":"M Preter","year":"2008","unstructured":"Preter M, Klein DF (2008). Panic, suffocation, false alarms, separation anxiety and endogenous opioids. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 32: 603\u2013612.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(00)00117-7","volume":"93","author":"K Schruers","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schruers K, Klaassen T, Pols H, Overbeek T, Deutz NE, Griez E (2000). Effects of tryptophan depletion on carbon dioxide provoked panic in panic disorder patients. Psychiatry Res 93: 179\u2013187.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09806.x","volume":"93","author":"T Shioiri","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shioiri T, Someya T, Murashita T, Takahashi S (1996). The symptom structure of panic disorder: a trial using factor and cluster analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996 93: 80\u201386.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand 1996"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.98.3.300","volume":"98","author":"MJ Telch","year":"1989","unstructured":"Telch MJ, Lucas JA, Nelson P (1989). Nonclinical panic in college students: an investigation of prevalence and symptomatology. J Abnorm Psychol 98: 300\u2013306.","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2002000700004","volume":"35","author":"AM Valenca","year":"2002","unstructured":"Valenca AM, Nardi AE, Nascimento I, Zin WA, Versiani M (2002). Respiratory panic disorder subtype and sensitivity to the carbon dioxide challenge test. Braz J Med Biol Res 35: 783\u2013788.","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR38","unstructured":"Van Duinen MA, Rickelt J, Griez EJ (2008). Validation of the eVAAS. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry (in press)."},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(94)00083-L","volume":"33","author":"K Verburg","year":"1995","unstructured":"Verburg K, Griez E, Meijer J, Pols H (1995). Respiratory disorders as a possible predisposing factor for panic disorder. J Affect Disord 33: 129\u2013134.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"BFnpp200831_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.06.019","volume":"43","author":"K Vickers","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vickers K, McNally RJ (2005). Respiratory symptoms and panic in the National Comorbidity Survey: a test of Klein's suffocation false alarm theory. Behav Res Ther 43: 1011\u20131018.","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"}],"container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/npp200831.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/npp200831","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/npp200831.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T18:04:13Z","timestamp":1708711453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/npp200831"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,19]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnpp200831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2008.31","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-133X","1740-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-133X","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,19]]}}}