{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:11:43Z","timestamp":1790971903496,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]],"date-time":"2011-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]],"date-time":"2011-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2011.69","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]],"date-time":"2011-05-03T11:48:00Z","timestamp":1304423280000},"page":"320-329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Autoimmune hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Giorgina","family":"Mieli-Vergani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Vergani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050408","volume":"354","author":"EL Krawitt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Krawitt, E. L. Autoimmune hepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 354, 54\u201366 (2006).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23584","volume":"51","author":"MP Manns","year":"2010","unstructured":"Manns, M. P.  et al. Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 51, 2193\u20132213 (2010).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012595961-2\/50058-5","volume-title":"The Autoimmune Diseases","author":"D Vergani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vergani, D. & Mieli-Vergani, G. in The Autoimmune Diseases 4th edn (eds Mackay, I. R. & Rose, N. R.) 767\u2013777 (Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, 2006)."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)92024-1","volume":"1","author":"M Manns","year":"1987","unstructured":"Manns, M., Gerken, G., Kyriatsoulis, A., Staritz, M. & Meyer zum Buschenfelde, K. H. Characterisation of a new subgroup of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis by autoantibodies against a soluble liver antigen. Lancet 1, 292\u2013294 (1987).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.32092","volume":"35","author":"Y Ma","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ma, Y.  et al. Antibodies to conformational epitopes of soluble liver antigen define a severe form of autoimmune liver disease. Hepatology 35, 658\u2013664 (2002).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180435","volume":"18","author":"PJ Johnson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Johnson, P. J. & McFarlane, I. G. Meeting report: International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. Hepatology 18, 998\u20131005 (1993).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80297-9","volume":"31","author":"F Alvarez","year":"1999","unstructured":"Alvarez, F.  et al. International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J. Hepatol. 31, 929\u2013938 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850166284","volume":"33","author":"KM Boberg","year":"1998","unstructured":"Boberg, K. M.  et al. Incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis in a Norwegian population. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 33, 99\u2013103 (1998).","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR9","first-page":"511","volume-title":"The Autoimmune Diseases","author":"MP Manns","year":"1998","unstructured":"Manns, M. P., Luttig, B. & Obermayer-Straub, P. in The Autoimmune Diseases 3rd edn (eds Rose, N. R. & Mackay, I. R.) 511\u2013525 (Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, 1998)."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0210-5705(03)70452-X","volume":"27","author":"J Primo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Primo, J.  et al. Incidence and prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis in the area of the Hospital de Sagunto (Spain) Spanish]. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 27, 239\u2013243 (2004).","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260229","volume":"26","author":"AJ Czaja","year":"1997","unstructured":"Czaja, A. J. & Carpenter, H. A. Histological findings in chronic hepatitis C with autoimmune features. Hepatology 26, 459\u2013466 (1997).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hch072","volume":"97","author":"R Ferrari","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ferrari, R.  et al. Type 1 autoimmune hepatitis: patterns of clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of the 'acute' type. QJM 97, 407\u2013412 (2004).","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.08.013","volume":"48","author":"T Al-Chalabi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Al-Chalabi, T., Underhill, J. A., Portmann, B. C., McFarlane, I. G. & Heneghan, M. A. Impact of gender on the long-term outcome and survival of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. J. Hepatol. 48, 140\u2013147 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(83)90030-6","volume":"85","author":"AJ Czaja","year":"1983","unstructured":"Czaja, A. J., Davis, G. L., Ludwig, J., Baggenstoss, A. H. & Taswell, H. F. Autoimmune features as determinants of prognosis in steroid-treated chronic active hepatitis of uncertain etiology. Gastroenterology 85, 713\u2013717 (1983).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1159\/000199332","volume":"34","author":"RM Crapper","year":"1986","unstructured":"Crapper, R. M., Bhathal, P. S., Mackay, I. R. & Frazer, I. H. 'Acute' autoimmune hepatitis. Digestion 34, 216\u2013225 (1986).","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-198906000-00012","volume":"11","author":"JS Amontree","year":"1989","unstructured":"Amontree, J. S., Stuart, T. D. & Bredfeldt, J. E. Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis masquerading as acute hepatitis. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 11, 303\u2013307 (1989).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250308","volume":"25","author":"GV Gregorio","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gregorio, G. V.  et al. Autoimmune hepatitis in childhood: a 20-year experience. Hepatology 25, 541\u2013547 (1997).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8608895","volume":"110","author":"SK Roberts","year":"1996","unstructured":"Roberts, S. K., Therneau, T. M. & Czaja, A. J. Prognosis of histological cirrhosis in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Gastroenterology 110, 848\u2013857 (1996).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470691861.ch11b","volume-title":"The Textbook of Hepatology: From Basic Science to Clinical Practice","author":"D Vergani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vergani, D. & Mieli-Vergani, G. in The Textbook of Hepatology: From Basic Science to Clinical Practice 3rd edn (eds Rodes, J.  et al.) 1089\u20131101 (Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, UK, 2007)."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.34944","volume":"36","author":"AJ Czaja","year":"2002","unstructured":"Czaja, A. J. & Freese, D. K. Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 36, 479\u2013497 (2002).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3238","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.03207.x","volume":"95","author":"A Duchini","year":"2000","unstructured":"Duchini, A., McHutchison, J. G. & Pockros, P. J. LKM-positive autoimmune hepatitis in the western United States: a case series. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 95, 3238\u20133241 (2000).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2004.11.009","volume":"24","author":"R Oettinger","year":"2005","unstructured":"Oettinger, R.  et al. Clinical features and biochemical data of Caucasian children at diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J. Autoimmun. 24, 79\u201384 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22131","volume":"33","author":"GV Gregorio","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gregorio, G. V.  et al. Autoimmune hepatitis\/sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome in childhood: a 16-year prospective study. Hepatology 33, 544\u2013553 (2001).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00396-9","volume":"2","author":"RL Ebbeson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ebbeson, R. L. & Schreiber, R. A. Diagnosing autoimmune hepatitis in children: is the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group scoring system useful? Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2, 935\u2013940 (2004).","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22322","volume":"48","author":"EM Hennes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hennes, E. M.  et al. Simplified criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 48, 169\u2013176 (2008).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.08.002","volume":"41","author":"D Vergani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vergani, D.  et al. Liver autoimmune serology: a consensus statement from the committee for autoimmune serology of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. J. Hepatol. 41, 677\u2013683 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181a1c265","volume":"49","author":"G Mieli-Vergani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mieli-Vergani, G.  et al. Autoimmune hepatitis. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 49, 158\u2013164 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400909","volume":"40","author":"EM Tan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tan, E. M.  et al. Range of antinuclear antibodies in \u201chealthy\u201d individuals. Arthritis Rheum. 40, 1601\u20131611 (1997).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.29.5.403","volume":"29","author":"GF Bottazzo","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bottazzo, G. F.  et al. Classification of smooth muscle autoantibodies detected by immunofluorescence. J. Clin. Pathol. 29, 403\u2013410 (1976).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1080\/0891693021000054066","volume":"35","author":"P Muratori","year":"2002","unstructured":"Muratori, P.  et al. Smooth muscle antibodies and type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Autoimmunity 35, 497\u2013500 (2002).","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70186-1","volume":"116","author":"P Lapierre","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lapierre, P., Hajoui, O., Homberg, J. C. & Alvarez, F. Formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase is an organ-specific autoantigen recognized by sera of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Gastroenterology 116, 643\u2013649 (1999).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1233533","volume":"29","author":"DP Bogdanos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bogdanos, D. P., Mieli-Vergani, G. & Vergani, D. Autoantibodies and their antigens in autoimmune hepatitis. Semin. Liver Dis. 29, 241\u2013253 (2009).","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05479.x","volume":"97","author":"AJ Czaja","year":"2002","unstructured":"Czaja, A. J., Donaldson, P. T. & Lohse, A. W. Antibodies to soluble liver antigen\/liver pancreas and HLA risk factors for type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 97, 413\u2013419 (2002).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02166-8","volume":"355","author":"I Wies","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wies, I.  et al. Identification of target antigen for SLA\/LP autoantibodies in autoimmune hepatitis. Lancet 355, 1510\u20131515 (2000).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01280.x","volume":"121","author":"M Costa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Costa, M., Rodriguez-Sanchez, J. L., Czaja, A. J. & Gelpi, C. Isolation and characterization of cDNA encoding the antigenic protein of the human tRNP(Ser)Sec complex recognized by autoantibodies from patients with type-1 autoimmune hepatitis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 121, 364\u2013374 (2000).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1173755","volume":"325","author":"S Palioura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Palioura, S., Sherrer, R. L., Steitz, T. A., Soll, D. & Simonovic, M. The human SepSecS-tRNASec complex reveals the mechanism of selenocysteine formation. Science 325, 321\u2013325 (2009).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-35705","volume":"22","author":"PT Donaldson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Donaldson, P. T. Genetics in autoimmune hepatitis. Semin. Liver Dis. 22, 353\u2013364 (2002).","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.031732","volume":"53","author":"PT Donaldson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Donaldson, P. T. Genetics of liver disease: immunogenetics and disease pathogenesis. Gut 53, 599\u2013608 (2004).","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2002.017401.x","volume":"174","author":"AJ Czaja","year":"2000","unstructured":"Czaja, A. J. & Donaldson, P. T. Genetic susceptibilities for immune expression and liver cell injury in autoimmune hepatitis. Immunol. Rev. 174, 250\u2013259 (2000).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(94)90008-6","volume":"41","author":"L Fainboim","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fainboim, L.  et al. Chronic active autoimmune hepatitis in children. Strong association with a particular HLA-DR6 (DRB1*1301) haplotype. Hum. Immunol. 41, 146\u2013150 (1994).","journal-title":"Hum. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.12.020","volume":"130","author":"Y Ma","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ma, Y.  et al. Polyclonal T-cell responses to cytochrome P450IID6 are associated with disease activity in autoimmune hepatitis type 2. Gastroenterology 130, 868\u2013882 (2006).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.12.1447","volume":"67","author":"G Senaldi","year":"1992","unstructured":"Senaldi, G., Portmann, B., Mowat, A. P., Mieli-Vergani, G. & Vergani, D. Immunohistochemical features of the portal tract mononuclear cell infiltrate in chronic aggressive hepatitis. Arch. Dis. Child. 67, 1447\u20131453 (1992).","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132629","volume":"27","author":"IN Crispe","year":"2009","unstructured":"Crispe, I. N. The liver as a lymphoid organ. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 27, 147\u2013163 (2009).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.06.002","volume":"24","author":"CT Weaver","year":"2006","unstructured":"Weaver, C. T., Harrington, L. E., Mangan, P. R., Gavrieli, M. & Murphy, K. M. Th17: an effector CD4 T cell lineage with regulatory T cell ties. Immunity 24, 677\u2013688 (2006).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1551","volume":"13","author":"L Steinman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Steinman, L. A brief history of T(H)17, the first major revision in the T(H)1\/T(H)2 hypothesis of T cell-mediated tissue damage. Nat. Med. 13, 139\u2013145 (2007).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132710","volume":"27","author":"T Korn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Korn, T., Bettelli, E., Oukka, M. & Kuchroo, V. K. IL-17 and Th17 Cells. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 27, 485\u2013517 (2009).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-010-9183-5","volume":"4","author":"YH Oo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Oo, Y. H., Hubscher, S. G. & Adams, D. H. Autoimmune hepatitis: new paradigms in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Hepatol. Int. 4, 475\u2013493 (2010).","journal-title":"Hepatol. Int."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(85)80051-9","volume":"1","author":"KT Nouri-Aria","year":"1985","unstructured":"Nouri-Aria, K. T., Donaldson, P. T., Hegarty, J. E., Eddleston, A. L. & Williams, R. HLA A1-B8-DR3 and suppressor cell function in first-degree relatives of patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. J. Hepatol. 1, 235\u2013241 (1985).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198211183072102","volume":"307","author":"KT Nouri-Aria","year":"1982","unstructured":"Nouri-Aria, K. T., Hegarty, J. E., Alexander, G. J., Eddleston, A. L. & Williams, R. Effect of corticosteroids on suppressor-cell activity in \u201cautoimmune\u201d and viral chronic active hepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 307, 1301\u20131304 (1982).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2001.1820116.x","volume":"182","author":"R Cortesini","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cortesini, R., LeMaoult, J., Ciubotariu, R. & Cortesini, N. S. CD8+CD28- T suppressor cells and the induction of antigen-specific, antigen-presenting cell-mediated suppression of Th reactivity. Immunol. Rev. 182, 201\u2013206 (2001).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91691-X","volume":"1","author":"S Vento","year":"1984","unstructured":"Vento, S.  et al. Antigen specific suppressor cell function in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Lancet 1, 1200\u20131204 (1984).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2001.1820104.x","volume":"182","author":"EM Shevach","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shevach, E. M., McHugh, R. S., Piccirillo, C. A. & Thornton, A. M. Control of T-cell activation by CD4+ CD25+ suppressor T cells. Immunol. Rev. 182, 58\u201367 (2001).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.03.008","volume":"41","author":"MS Longhi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Longhi, M. S.  et al. Impairment of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T-cells in autoimmune liver disease. J. Hepatol. 41, 31\u201337 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2005.05.001","volume":"25","author":"MS Longhi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Longhi, M. S.  et al. Effect of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T-cells on CD8 T-cell function in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. J. Autoimmun. 25, 63\u201371 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4484","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.7.4484","volume":"176","author":"MS Longhi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Longhi, M. S.  et al. Functional study of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in health and autoimmune hepatitis. J. Immunol. 176, 4484\u20134491 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22071","volume":"47","author":"MS Longhi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Longhi, M. S.  et al. Expansion and de novo generation of potentially therapeutic regulatory T cells in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 47, 581\u2013591 (2008).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Longhi, M. S.  et al. Vigorous activation of monocytes in juvenile autoimmune liver disease escapes the control of regulatory T-cells. Hepatology 50, 130\u2013142 (2009).","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22914"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23792","volume":"52","author":"S Ferri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ferri, S.  et al. A multifaceted imbalance of T cells with regulatory function characterizes type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 52, 999\u20131007 (2010).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR59","first-page":"95","volume":"67","author":"A Lobo-Yeo","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lobo-Yeo, A.  et al. Preferential activation of helper\/inducer T lymphocytes in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 67, 95\u2013104 (1987).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21658","volume":"46","author":"MS Longhi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Longhi, M. S.  et al. Cytochrome P450IID6-specific CD8 T cell immune responses mirror disease activity in autoimmune hepatitis type 2. Hepatology 46, 472\u2013484 (2007).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115443","volume":"88","author":"MP Manns","year":"1991","unstructured":"Manns, M. P., Griffin, K. J., Sullivan, K. F. & Johnson, E. F. LKM-1 autoantibodies recognize a short linear sequence in P450IID6, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase. J. Clin. Invest. 88, 1370\u20131378 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62476-2","volume":"350","author":"S Vento","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vento, S., Cainelli, F., Renzini, C. & Concia, E. Autoimmune hepatitis type 2 induced by HCV and persisting after viral clearance. Lancet 350, 1298\u20131299 (1997).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1481","volume":"170","author":"N Kerkar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kerkar, N.  et al. Cytochrome P4502D6(193\u2013212): a new immunodominant epitope and target of virus\/self cross-reactivity in liver kidney microsomal autoantibody type 1-positive liver disease. J. Immunol. 170, 1481\u20131489 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197807062990101","volume":"299","author":"DM Jensen","year":"1978","unstructured":"Jensen, D. M., McFarlane, I. G., Portmann, B. S., Eddleston, A. L. & Williams, R. Detection of antibodies directed against a liver-specific membrane lipoprotein in patients with acute and chronic active hepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 299, 1\u20137 (1978).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(86)80026-5","volume":"3","author":"BM McFarlane","year":"1986","unstructured":"McFarlane, B. M., McSorley, C. G., Vergani, D., McFarlane, I. G. & Williams, R. Serum autoantibodies reacting with the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor protein (hepatic lectin) in acute and chronic liver disorders. J. Hepatol. 3, 196\u2013205 (1986).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1987.tb00361.x","volume":"7","author":"D Vergani","year":"1987","unstructured":"Vergani, D., Mieli-Vergani, G., Mondelli, M., Portmann, B. & Eddleston, A. L. Immunoglobulin on the surface of isolated hepatocytes is associated with antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and liver damage. Liver 7, 307\u2013315 (1987).","journal-title":"Liver"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR67","first-page":"16","volume":"38","author":"G Mieli-Vergani","year":"1979","unstructured":"Mieli-Vergani, G.  et al. Lymphocyte cytotoxicity to autologous hepatocytes in HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 38, 16\u201321 (1979).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.2174\/1566524013363672","volume":"1","author":"L Wen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wen, L.  et al. Pediatric autoimmune liver diseases: the molecular basis of humoral and cellular immunity. Curr. Mol. Med. 1, 379\u2013389 (2001).","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)93306-A","volume":"336","author":"L Wen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Wen, L.  et al. T-cell-directed hepatocyte damage in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Lancet 336, 1527\u20131530 (1990).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1991.tb08164.x","volume":"84","author":"H Lohr","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lohr, H.  et al. Clonal analysis of liver-infiltrating T cells in patients with LKM-1 antibody-positive autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 84, 297\u2013302 (1991).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1992.tb03037.x","volume":"88","author":"H Lohr","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lohr, H., Treichel, U., Poralla, T., Manns, M. & Meyer zum Buschenfelde, K. H. Liver-infiltrating T helper cells in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis stimulate the production of autoantibodies against the human asialoglycoprotein receptor in vitro. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 88, 45\u201349 (1992).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a067264","volume":"40","author":"GC Cook","year":"1971","unstructured":"Cook, G. C., Mulligan, R. & Sherlock, S. Controlled prospective trial of corticosteroid therapy in active chronic hepatitis. Q. J. Med. 40, 159\u2013185 (1971).","journal-title":"Q. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)33223-8","volume":"63","author":"RD Soloway","year":"1972","unstructured":"Soloway, R. D.  et al. Clinical, biochemical, and histological remission of severe chronic active liver disease: a controlled study of treatments and early prognosis. Gastroenterology 63, 820\u2013833 (1972).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)92125-9","volume":"1","author":"IM Murray-Lyon","year":"1973","unstructured":"Murray-Lyon, I. M., Stern, R. B. & Williams, R. Controlled trial of prednisone and azathioprine in active chronic hepatitis. Lancet 1, 735\u2013737 (1973).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.21.1.78","volume":"21","author":"AP Kirk","year":"1980","unstructured":"Kirk, A. P., Jain, S., Pocock, S., Thomas, H. C. & Sherlock, S. Late results of the Royal Free Hospital prospective controlled trial of prednisolone therapy in hepatitis B surface antigen negative chronic active hepatitis. Gut 21, 78\u201383 (1980).","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hepres.2005.12.002","volume":"34","author":"T Sogo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sogo, T.  et al. Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy for children with autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatol. Res. 34, 187\u2013192 (2006).","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2008.02714.x","volume":"50","author":"G Ustundag","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ustundag, G.  et al. Complete regression of cirrhosis after immunosuppressive treatment in autoimmune hepatitis. Pediatr. Int. 50, 711\u2013713 (2008).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Int."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000239735.87111.ba","volume":"43","author":"N Kerkar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kerkar, N.  et al. Prospective analysis of nonadherence in autoimmune hepatitis: a common problem. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 43, 629\u2013634 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199510123331502","volume":"333","author":"PJ Johnson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Johnson, P. J., McFarlane, I. G. & Williams, R. Azathioprine for long-term maintenance of remission in autoimmune hepatitis. N. Engl. J. Med. 333, 958\u2013963 (1995).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.7.3.319","volume":"7","author":"AJ Czaja","year":"2008","unstructured":"Czaja, A. J. Safety issues in the management of autoimmune hepatitis. Expert Opin. Drug Saf. 7, 319\u2013333 (2008).","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Saf."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.1.97","volume":"48","author":"MA Heneghan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Heneghan, M. A., Norris, S. M., O'Grady, J. G., Harrison, P. M. & McFarlane, I. G. Management and outcome of pregnancy in autoimmune hepatitis. Gut 48, 97\u2013102 (2001).","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2005.03.002","volume":"35","author":"L Candia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Candia, L., Marquez, J. & Espinoza, L. R. Autoimmune hepatitis and pregnancy: a rheumatologist's dilemma. Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 35, 49\u201356 (2005).","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318176b8c5","volume":"43","author":"DR Terrabuio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Terrabuio, D. R., Abrantes-Lemos, C. P., Carrilho, F. J. & Cancado, E. L. Follow-up of pregnant women with autoimmune hepatitis: the disease behavior along with maternal and fetal outcomes. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 43, 350\u2013356 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1989.119","volume":"46","author":"L Lennard","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lennard, L., Van Loon, J. A. & Weinshilboum, R. M. Pharmacogenetics of acute azathioprine toxicity: relationship to thiopurine methyltransferase genetic polymorphism. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 46, 149\u2013154 (1989).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR85","first-page":"351","volume":"23","author":"Z Ben Ari","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ben Ari, Z., Mehta, A., Lennard, L. & Burroughs, A. K. Azathioprine-induced myelosuppression due to thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency in a patient with autoimmune hepatitis. J. Hepatol. 23, 351\u2013354 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840100110","volume":"10","author":"KK Wang","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wang, K. K., Czaja, A. J., Beaver, S. J. & Go, V. L. Extrahepatic malignancy following long-term immunosuppressive therapy of severe hepatitis B surface antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis. Hepatology 10, 39\u201343 (1989).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.08.022","volume":"50","author":"M Werner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Werner, M.  et al. Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in autoimmune hepatitis. A long-term follow-up in 473 Swedish patients. J. Hepatol. 50, 388\u2013393 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22432","volume":"48","author":"AD Yeoman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yeoman, A. D.  et al. Evaluation of risk factors in the development of HCC in AIH: implications for follow-up and screening. Hepatology 48, 863\u2013870 (2008).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-010-1444-6","volume":"56","author":"RJ Wong","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wong, R. J., Gish, R., Frederick, T., Bzowej, N. & Frenette, C. Development of hepatocellular carcinoma in autoimmune hepatitis patients: a case series. Dig. Dis. Sci. 56, 578\u2013585 (2011).","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80065-8","volume":"30","author":"F Alvarez","year":"1999","unstructured":"Alvarez, F.  et al. Short-term cyclosporine induces a remission of autoimmune hepatitis in children. J. Hepatol. 30, 222\u2013227 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000235975.75120.38","volume":"43","author":"M Cuarterolo","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cuarterolo, M.  et al. Follow-up of children with autoimmune hepatitis treated with cyclosporine. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 43, 635\u2013639 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70339-2","volume":"135","author":"D Debray","year":"1999","unstructured":"Debray, D., Maggiore, G., Girardet, J. P., Mallet, E. & Bernard, O. Efficacy of cyclosporin A in children with type 2 autoimmune hepatitis. J. Pediatr. 135, 111\u2013114 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR93","first-page":"455","volume":"90","author":"DH Van Thiel","year":"1995","unstructured":"Van Thiel, D. H.  et al. Tacrolimus (FK 506), a treatment for primary sclerosing cholangitis: results of an open-label preliminary trial. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 90, 455\u2013459 (1995).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.046","volume":"139","author":"MP Manns","year":"2010","unstructured":"Manns, M. P.  et al. Budesonide induces remission more effectively than prednisone in a controlled trial of patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Gastroenterology 139, 1198\u20131206 (2010).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-13708","volume":"39","author":"S Kanzler","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kanzler, S., Lohr, H., Gerken, G., Galle, P. R. & Lohse, A. W. Long-term management and prognosis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH): a single center experience. Z. Gastroenterol. 39, 339\u2013341, 344\u2013348 (2001).","journal-title":"Z. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80271-8","volume":"33","author":"PD Richardson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Richardson, P. D., James, P. D. & Ryder, S. D. Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance of remission in autoimmune hepatitis in patients resistant to or intolerant of azathioprine. J. Hepatol. 33, 371\u2013375 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.02.024","volume":"51","author":"MM Aw","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aw, M. M., Dhawan, A., Samyn, M., Bargiota, A. & Mieli-Vergani, G. Mycophenolate mofetil as rescue treatment for autoimmune liver disease in children: a 5-year follow-up. J. Hepatol. 51, 156\u2013160 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/504591","volume":"18","author":"SM Devlin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Devlin, S. M., Swain, M. G., Urbanski, S. J. & Burak, K. W. Mycophenolate mofetil for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis in patients refractory to standard therapy. Can. J. Gastroenterol. 18, 321\u2013326 (2004).","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02180.x","volume":"103","author":"EM Hennes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hennes, E. M.  et al. Mycophenolate mofetil as second line therapy in autoimmune hepatitis? Am. J. Gastroenterol. 103, 3063\u20133070 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318154af74","volume":"42","author":"S Luth","year":"2008","unstructured":"Luth, S.  et al. Serologic markers compared with liver biopsy for monitoring disease activity in autoimmune hepatitis. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 42, 926\u2013930 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/0891693021000056721","volume":"35","author":"GV Gregorio","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gregorio, G. V., McFarlane, B., Bracken, P., Vergani, D. & Mieli-Vergani, G. Organ and non-organ specific autoantibody titres and IgG levels as markers of disease activity: a longitudinal study in childhood autoimmune liver disease. Autoimmunity 35, 515\u2013519 (2002).","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199907270-00016","volume":"68","author":"P Milkiewicz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Milkiewicz, P., Hubscher, S. G., Skiba, G., Hathaway, M. & Elias, E. Recurrence of autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation. Transplantation 68, 253\u2013256 (1999).","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.6.893","volume":"52","author":"JC Duclos-Vallee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Duclos-Vallee, J. C.  et al. A 10 year follow up study of patients transplanted for autoimmune hepatitis: histological recurrence precedes clinical and biochemical recurrence. Gut 52, 893\u2013897 (2003).","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2003.10.022","volume":"40","author":"G Mieli-Vergani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mieli-Vergani, G. & Vergani, D. De novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation. J. Hepatol. 40, 3\u20137 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2005.00801.x","volume":"5","author":"N Kerkar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kerkar, N.  et al. Rapamycin successfully treats post-transplant autoimmune hepatitis. Am. J. Transplant. 5, 1085\u20131089 (2005).","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01678.x","volume":"109","author":"AN Akbar","year":"2003","unstructured":"Akbar, A. N., Taams, L. S., Salmon, M. & Vukmanovic-Stejic, M. The peripheral generation of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells. Immunology 109, 319\u2013325 (2003).","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040180","volume":"199","author":"KV Tarbell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tarbell, K. V., Yamazaki, S., Olson, K., Toy, P. & Steinman, R. M. CD25+ CD4+ T cells, expanded with dendritic cells presenting a single autoantigenic peptide, suppress autoimmune diabetes. J. Exp. Med. 199, 1467\u20131477 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200526077","volume":"35","author":"MH Albert","year":"2005","unstructured":"Albert, M. H., Liu, Y., Anasetti, C. & Yu, X. Z. Antigen-dependent suppression of alloresponses by Foxp3-induced regulatory T cells in transplantation. Eur. J. Immunol. 35, 2598\u20132607 (2005).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.2.801","volume":"168","author":"M Gueguen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gueguen, M., Meunier-Rotival, M., Bernard, O. & Alvarez, F. Anti-liver kidney microsome antibody recognizes a cytochrome P450 from the IID subfamily. J. Exp. Med. 168, 801\u2013806 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24039","volume":"53","author":"MS Longhi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Longhi, M. S.  et al. Autoantigen-specific regulatory T cells, a potential tool for immune-tolerance reconstitution in type-2 autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 53, 536\u2013547 (2011).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(07)61623-7","volume":"46","author":"F Meda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Meda, F.  et al. Identification of HLA-DR3 restricted CD4 T-cell epitopes on soluble liver antigen in autoimmune hepatitis type 1. J. Hepatol. 46, S13 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"BFnrgastro201169_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Y.  et al. Identification of T cell epitopes on soluble liver antigen in Chinese patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Liver Int. doi: 10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02487.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02487.x"}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrgastro.2011.69.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrgastro.2011.69","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrgastro.2011.69.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T09:31:43Z","timestamp":1659173503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrgastro.2011.69"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]]},"references-count":112,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnrgastro201169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrgastro.2011.69","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-5045","1759-5053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-5045","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-5053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 May 2011","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}