{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T14:29:04Z","timestamp":1781792944253,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2009.17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,26]],"date-time":"2009-03-26T05:43:29Z","timestamp":1238046209000},"page":"193-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Fluid, electrolyte and acid\u2013base disorders associated with antibiotic therapy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Zietse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Zoutendijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. J.","family":"Hoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.2174\/1568005043340858","volume":"4","author":"F Rougier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rougier, F. et al. Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity. Curr. Drug Targets Infect. Disord. 4, 153\u2013162 (2004).","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets Infect. Disord."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002776","volume":"73","author":"E Gonzalez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzalez, E. et al. Early steroid treatment improves the recovery of renal function in patients with drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis. Kidney Int. 73, 940\u2013946 (2008).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2007.05.004","volume":"223","author":"C Martinez-Salgado","year":"2007","unstructured":"Martinez-Salgado, C., Lopez-Hernandez, F. J. & Lopez-Novoa, J. M. Glomerular nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 223, 86\u201398 (2007).","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR4","first-page":"47","volume":"5","author":"A Rodriguez-Barbero","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Barbero, A., Lopez-Novoa, J. M. & Arevalo, M. Involvement of platelet-activating factor in gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. Exp. Nephrol. 5, 47\u201354 (1997).","journal-title":"Exp. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(84)80002-9","volume":"77","author":"RS Brown","year":"1984","unstructured":"Brown, R. S. Potassium homeostasis and clinical implications. Am. J. Med. 77, 3\u201310 (1984).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.02.010","volume":"45","author":"H Izzedine","year":"2005","unstructured":"Izzedine, H., Launay-Vacher, V. & Deray, G. Antiviral drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 45, 804\u2013817 (2005).","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-200109000-00017","volume":"10","author":"MA Knepper","year":"2001","unstructured":"Knepper, M. A. & Brooks, H. L. Regulation of the sodium transporters NHE3, NKCC2 and NCC in the kidney. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 10, 655\u2013659 (2001).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006060620","volume":"17","author":"WF Boron","year":"2006","unstructured":"Boron, W. F. Acid\u2013base transport by the renal proximal tubule. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17, 2368\u20132382 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000025281.70901.30","volume":"13","author":"T Igarashi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Igarashi, T. et al. Unraveling the molecular pathogenesis of isolated proximal renal tubular acidosis. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13, 2171\u20132177 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002288","volume":"72","author":"G Giebisch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Giebisch, G., Krapf, R. & Wagner, C. Renal and extrarenal regulation of potassium. Kidney Int. 72, 397\u2013410 (2007).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3312","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)93308-9","volume":"243","author":"J Davies","year":"1968","unstructured":"Davies, J. & Davis, B. D. Misreading of ribonucleic acid code words induced by aminoglycoside antibiotics. The effect of drug concentration. J. Biol. Chem. 243, 3312\u20133316 (1968).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109959200","volume":"277","author":"C Schmitz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schmitz, C. et al. Megalin deficiency offers protection from renal aminoglycoside accumulation. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 618\u2013622 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.11.2173","volume":"35","author":"D Beauchamp","year":"1991","unstructured":"Beauchamp, D., Gourde, P. & Bergeron, M. G. Subcellular distribution of gentamicin in proximal tubular cells, determined by immunogold labeling. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 35, 2173\u20132179 (1991).","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR14","first-page":"F265","volume":"255","author":"WM Bennett","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bennett, W. M. et al. Microsomal protein synthesis inhibition: an early manifestation of gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Am. J. Physiol. 255, F265\u2013F269 (1988).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(80)90103-4","volume":"205","author":"JM Weinberg","year":"1980","unstructured":"Weinberg, J. M., Harding, P. G. & Humes, H. D. Mechanisms of gentamicin-induced dysfunction of renal cortical mitochondria. II. Effects on mitochondrial monovalent cation transport. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 205, 232\u2013239 (1980).","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)13312-0","volume":"247","author":"LS Ramsammy","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ramsammy, L. S., Josepovitz, C. & Kaloyanides, G. J. Gentamicin inhibits agonist stimulation of the phosphatidylinositol cascade in primary cultures of rabbit proximal tubular cells and in rat renal cortex. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 247, 989\u2013996 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3213","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(83)90206-X","volume":"32","author":"JH Powell","year":"1983","unstructured":"Powell, J. H. & Reidenberg, M. M. Further studies of the response of kidney lysosomes to aminoglycosides and other cations. Biochem. Pharmacol. 32, 3213\u20133220 (1983).","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001654","volume":"70","author":"MC Sassen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sassen, M. C. et al. Dysregulation of renal sodium transporters in gentamicin-treated rats. Kidney Int. 70, 1026\u20131037 (2006).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809703100605","volume":"31","author":"DE Nix","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nix, D. E. et al. Assessment of the enzymuria resulting from gentamicin alone and combinations of gentamicin with various \u03b2-lactam antibiotics. Ann. Pharmacother. 31, 696\u2013703 (1997).","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.11.014","volume":"82","author":"AA Banday","year":"2008","unstructured":"Banday, A. A. et al. Time dependent effects of gentamicin on the enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, brush border membrane and oxidative stress in rat kidney tissues. Life Sci. 82, 450\u2013459 (2008).","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200503000-00007","volume":"329","author":"CL Chou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chou, C. L. et al. Acquired Bartter-like syndrome associated with gentamicin administration. Am. J. Med. Sci. 329, 144\u2013149 (2005).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR22","first-page":"F611","volume":"274","author":"D Riccardi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Riccardi, D. et al. Localization of the extracellular Ca2+\/polyvalent cation-sensing protein in rat kidney. Am. J. Physiol. 274, F611\u2013F622 (1998).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000015623.73739.B8","volume":"13","author":"DT Ward","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ward, D. T., McLarnon, S. J. & Riccardi, D. Aminoglycosides increase intracellular calcium levels and ERK activity in proximal tubular OK cells expressing the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13, 1481\u20131489 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004080631","volume":"16","author":"DT Ward","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ward, D. T. et al. Aminoglycosides induce acute cell signaling and chronic cell death in renal cells that express the calcium-sensing receptor. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16, 1236\u20131244 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2008.01.003","volume":"1782","author":"CE Gibbons","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gibbons, C. E. et al. Calcium-sensing receptor antagonism or lithium treatment ameliorates aminoglycoside-induced cell death in renal epithelial cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1782, 188\u2013195 (2008).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1159\/000067797","volume":"67","author":"G Alexandridis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Alexandridis, G., Liberopoulos, E. & Elisaf, M. Aminoglycoside-induced reversible tubular dysfunction. Pharmacology 67, 118\u2013120 (2003).","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)80820-1","volume":"23","author":"JZ Melnick","year":"1994","unstructured":"Melnick, J. Z., Baum, M. & Thompson, J. R. Aminoglycoside-induced Fanconi's syndrome. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 23, 118\u2013122 (1994).","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.08.009","volume":"48","author":"RA Ghiculescu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ghiculescu, R. A. & Kubler, P. A. Aminoglycoside-associated Fanconi syndrome. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 48, e89\u2013e93 (2006).","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2006.05.013","volume":"6","author":"C Etherington","year":"2007","unstructured":"Etherington, C. et al. Measurement of urinary N-acetyl-\u03b2-D-glucosaminidase in adult patients with cystic fibrosis: before, during and after treatment with intravenous antibiotics. J. Cyst. Fibros. 6, 67\u201373 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Cyst. Fibros."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2003.12.005","volume":"95","author":"A Watanabe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Watanabe, A. et al. Targeted prevention of renal accumulation and toxicity of gentamicin by aminoglycoside binding receptor antagonists. J. Control Release 95, 423\u2013433 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Control Release"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.19.159","volume":"19","author":"J Nagai","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nagai, J. & Takano, M. Molecular aspects of renal handling of aminoglycosides and strategies for preventing the nephrotoxicity. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet. 19, 159\u2013170 (2004).","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1D573","volume":"38","author":"BA Hemstreet","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hemstreet, B. A. Antimicrobial-associated renal tubular acidosis. Ann. Pharmacother. 38, 1031\u20131038 (2004).","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.88.69","volume":"88","author":"E Babu","year":"2002","unstructured":"Babu, E. et al. Human organic anion transporters mediate the transport of tetracycline. Jpn J. Pharmacol. 88, 69\u201376 (2002).","journal-title":"Jpn J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.283.6306.1576-a","volume":"283","author":"J Montoliu","year":"1981","unstructured":"Montoliu, J. et al. Lactic acidosis and Fanconi's syndrome due to degraded tetracycline. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.) 283, 1576\u20131577 (1981).","journal-title":"Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.)"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4736","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn424","volume":"36","author":"TV Budkevich","year":"2008","unstructured":"Budkevich, T. V., El'skaya, A. V. & Nierhaus, K. H. Features of 80S mammalian ribosome and its subunits. Nucleic Acids Res. 36, 4736\u20134744 (2008).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3675","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.12.3675-3681.2003","volume":"47","author":"SR Connell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Connell, S. R. et al. Ribosomal protection proteins and their mechanism of tetracycline resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47, 3675\u20133681 (2003).","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(06)15012-0","volume":"415","author":"J Wirmer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wirmer, J. & Westhof, E. Molecular contacts between antibiotics and the 30S ribosomal particle. Methods Enzymol. 415, 180\u2013202 (2006).","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2003.50037","volume":"41","author":"H Izzedine","year":"2003","unstructured":"Izzedine, H. et al. Drug-induced Fanconi's syndrome. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 41, 292\u2013309 (2003).","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0507.2003.00856.x","volume":"46","author":"G Inselmann","year":"2003","unstructured":"Inselmann, G., Balaschke, M. & Heidemann, H. T. Enzymuria following amphotericin B application in the rat. Mycoses 46, 169\u2013173 (2003).","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/00041552-200309000-00008","volume":"12","author":"S Hebert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hebert, S. C: Bartter syndrome. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 12, 527\u2013532 (2003).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)81064-X","volume":"24","author":"CJ Shiah","year":"1994","unstructured":"Shiah, C. J. et al. Acute muscular paralysis in an adult with subclinical Bartter's syndrome associated with gentamicin administration. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 24, 932\u2013935 (1994).","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s004670050378","volume":"11","author":"D Landau","year":"1997","unstructured":"Landau, D. & Kher, K. K. Gentamicin-induced Bartter-like syndrome. Pediatr. Nephrol. 11, 737\u2013740 (1997).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1194-303","volume":"8","author":"MR Pollak","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pollak, M. R. et al. Autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia caused by a Ca2+-sensing receptor gene mutation. Nat. Genet. 8, 303\u2013307 (1994).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.3.974","volume":"125","author":"S Shin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shin, S. et al. Hypokalemia among patients receiving treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Chest 125, 974\u2013980 (2004).","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(86)80012-9","volume":"7","author":"RW Steiner","year":"1986","unstructured":"Steiner, R. W. & Omachi, A. S. A Bartter's-like syndrome from capreomycin, and a similar gentamicin tubulopathy. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 7, 245\u2013249 (1986).","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-006-0013-z","volume":"8","author":"CA Ecelbarger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ecelbarger, C. A. & Tiwari, S. Sodium transporters in the distal nephron and disease implications. Curr. Hypertens. Rep. 8, 158\u2013165 (2006).","journal-title":"Curr. Hypertens. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008010098","volume":"19","author":"RT Alexander","year":"2008","unstructured":"Alexander, R. T., Hoenderop, J. G. & Bindels, R. J. Molecular determinants of magnesium homeostasis: insights from human disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 19, 1451\u20131458 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24134","volume":"115","author":"T Nijenhuis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nijenhuis, T. et al. Enhanced passive Ca2+ reabsorption and reduced Mg2+ channel abundance explains thiazide-induced hypocalciuria and hypomagnesemia. J. Clin. Invest. 115, 1651\u20131658 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR49","first-page":"576","volume":"49","author":"CK Finton","year":"1983","unstructured":"Finton, C. K. et al. Gentamicin-induced hypomagnesemia. Am. Surg. 49, 576\u2013578 (1983).","journal-title":"Am. Surg."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2000.103864","volume":"67","author":"C Elliott","year":"2000","unstructured":"Elliott, C., Newman, N. & Madan, A. Gentamicin effects on urinary electrolyte excretion in healthy subjects. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 67, 16\u201321 (2000).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1139\/y00-038","volume":"78","author":"HS Kang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kang, H. S. et al. Aminoglycosides inhibit hormone-stimulated Mg2+ uptake in mouse distal convoluted tubule cells. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 78, 595\u2013602 (2000).","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00053.2006","volume":"87","author":"RA Fenton","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fenton, R. A. & Knepper, M. A. Mouse models and the urinary concentrating mechanism in the new millennium. Physiol. Rev. 87, 1083\u20131112 (2007).","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(97)90021-4","volume":"29","author":"KS Kamel","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kamel, K. S. et al. A new classification for renal defects in net acid excretion. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 29, 136\u2013146 (1997).","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.42.665","volume":"42","author":"H Mori","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mori, H. et al. Hyponatremia and\/or hyperkalemia in patients treated with the standard dose of trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole. Intern. Med. 42, 665\u2013669 (2003).","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1097\/00045391-199709000-00010","volume":"4","author":"MA Perazella","year":"1997","unstructured":"Perazella, M. A. Trimethoprim is a potassium-sparing diuretic like amiloride and causes hyperkalemia in high-risk patients. Am. J. Ther. 4, 343\u2013348 (1997).","journal-title":"Am. J. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-103-1-161_3","volume":"103","author":"YH Ahn","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ahn, Y. H. & Goldman, J. M. Trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole and hyponatremia. Ann. Intern. Med. 103, 161\u2013162 (1985).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"p51","DOI":"10.1159\/000089682","volume":"102","author":"S Muto","year":"2006","unstructured":"Muto, S. et al. Effect of trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole on Na+ and K+ transport properties in the rabbit cortical collecting duct perfused in vitro. Nephron Physiol. 102, p51\u2013p60 (2006).","journal-title":"Nephron Physiol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR58","first-page":"45","volume":"55","author":"BR Don","year":"2001","unstructured":"Don, B. R. The effect of trimethoprim on potassium and uric acid metabolism in normal human subjects. Clin. Nephrol. 55, 45\u201352 (2001).","journal-title":"Clin. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.193","volume":"49","author":"S Eiam-Ong","year":"1996","unstructured":"Eiam-Ong, S., Kurtzman, N. A. & Sabatini, S. Studies on the mechanism of trimethoprim-induced hyperkalemia. Kidney Int. 49, 1372\u20131378 (1996).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200022030-00006","volume":"22","author":"MA Perazella","year":"2000","unstructured":"Perazella, M. A. Trimethoprim-induced hyperkalaemia: clinical data, mechanism, prevention and management. Drug Saf. 22, 227\u2013236 (2000).","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.530","volume":"50","author":"IW Reiser","year":"1996","unstructured":"Reiser, I. W. et al. Reversal of trimethoprim-induced antikaliuresis. Kidney Int. 50, 2063\u20132069 (1996).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.11","volume":"49","author":"M Schreiber","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schreiber, M. et al. Antikaliuretic action of trimethoprim is minimized by raising urine pH. Kidney Int. 49, 82\u201387 (1996).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/12.5.1031","volume":"12","author":"SH Lin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lin, S. H. et al. Reversible voltage-dependent distal renal tubular acidosis in a patient receiving standard doses of trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 12, 1031\u20131033 (1997).","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V62154","volume":"6","author":"BP Sawaya","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sawaya, B. P., Briggs, J. P. & Schnermann, J. Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity: the adverse consequences of altered membrane properties. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 6, 154\u2013164 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1086\/313498","volume":"29","author":"JR Wingard","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wingard, J. R. et al. Clinical significance of nephrotoxicity in patients treated with amphotericin B for suspected or proven aspergillosis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 29, 1402\u20131407 (1999).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(72)90117-9","volume":"53","author":"JL Burges","year":"1972","unstructured":"Burges, J. L. & Birchall, R. Nephrotoxicity of amphotericin B, with emphasis on changes in tubular function. Am. J. Med. 53, 77\u201384 (1972).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-006-0208-y","volume":"166","author":"PS Lucas da Silva","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lucas da Silva, P. S., Iglesias, S. B. & Waisberg, J. Hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis in a child due to amphotericin B therapy. Eur. J. Pediatr. 166, 169\u2013171 (2007).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)32172-5","volume":"214","author":"JF Gerkens","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gerkens, J. F. & Branch, R. A. The influence of sodium status and furosemide on canine acute amphotericin B nephrotoxicity. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 214, 306\u2013311 (1980).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1159\/000188590","volume":"70","author":"JF Bernardo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bernardo, J. F. et al. Potassium depletion potentiates amphotericin-B-induced toxicity to renal tubules. Nephron 70, 235\u2013241 (1995).","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.19127","volume":"34","author":"LD Wazny","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wazny, L. D. & Brophy, D. F. Amiloride for the prevention of amphotericin B-induced hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia. Ann. Pharmacother. 34, 94\u201397 (2000).","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-001-0390-9","volume":"57","author":"AU Ural","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ural, A. U. et al. Spironolactone: is it a novel drug for the prevention of amphotericin B-related hypokalemia in cancer patients? Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 57, 771\u2013773 (2002).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkm220","volume":"60","author":"S Mohan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mohan, S. et al. Proteinuria lowers the risk of amphotericin B-associated hypokalaemia. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 60, 690\u2013693 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106270","volume":"49","author":"PR Steinmetz","year":"1970","unstructured":"Steinmetz, P. R. & Lawson, L. R. Defect in urinary acidification induced in vitro by amphotericin B. J. Clin. Invest. 49, 596\u2013601 (1970).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1979.03630380064021","volume":"139","author":"GL Barbour","year":"1979","unstructured":"Barbour, G. L. et al. Vasopressin-resistant nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. A result of amphotericin B therapy. Arch. Intern. Med. 139, 86\u201388 (1979).","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR75","first-page":"291","volume":"316","author":"J Frokiaer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Frokiaer, J. et al. Pathophysiology of aquaporin-2 in water balance disorders. Am. J. Med. Sci. 316, 291\u2013299 (1998).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-61-2-175","volume":"61","author":"WT Butler","year":"1964","unstructured":"Butler, W. T. et al. Nephrotoxicity of amphotericin B; early and late effects in 81 patients. Ann. Intern. Med. 61, 175\u2013187 (1964).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1C204","volume":"37","author":"TW Canada","year":"2003","unstructured":"Canada, T. W., Weavind, L. M. & Augustin, K. M. Possible liposomal amphotericin B-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Ann. Pharmacother. 37, 70\u201373 (2003).","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V5168","volume":"5","author":"Y Yano","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yano, Y., Monteiro, J. L. & Seguro, A. C. Effect of amphotericin B on water and urea transport in the inner medullary collecting duct. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 5, 68\u201374 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1067\/mlc.2001.117826","volume":"138","author":"SW Kim","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kim, S. W. et al. Amphotericin B decreases adenylyl cyclase activity and aquaporin-2 expression in rat kidney. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 138, 243\u2013249 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneph0424","volume":"3","author":"EJ Hoorn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hoorn, E. J. & Zietse, R. Combined renal tubular acidosis and diabetes insipidus in hematological disease. Nat. Clin. Pract. Nephrol. 3, 171\u2013175 (2007).","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pract. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.02.085","volume":"585","author":"AA El-Sheikh","year":"2008","unstructured":"El-Sheikh, A. A., Masereeuw, R. & Russel, F. G. Mechanisms of renal anionic drug transport. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 585, 245\u2013255 (2008).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12466.x","volume":"104","author":"MR Hirji","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hirji, M. R. & Mucklow, J. C. Transepithelial water movement in response to carbamazepine, chlorpropamide and demeclocycline in toad urinary bladder. Br. J. Pharmacol. 104, 550\u2013553 (1991).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR83","first-page":"625","volume":"6","author":"BJ Kinzie","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kinzie, B. J. Management of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Clin. Pharm. 6, 625\u2013633 (1987).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5630.550","volume":"4","author":"FP Brunner","year":"1968","unstructured":"Brunner, F. P. & Frick, P. G. Hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypernatraemia due to \u201cmassive\u201d sodium penicillin therapy. Br. Med. J. 4, 550\u2013552 (1968).","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR85","first-page":"183","volume":"86","author":"HI Lipner","year":"1975","unstructured":"Lipner, H. I. et al. The behavior of carbenicillin as a nonreabsorbable anion. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 86, 183\u2013194 (1975).","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn117","volume":"61","author":"EJ Hoorn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hoorn, E. J. & Zietse, R. Severe hypokalaemia caused by flucloxacillin. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 61, 1396\u20131398 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007010092","volume":"19","author":"M Bustamante","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bustamante, M. et al. Calcium-sensing receptor attenuates AVP-induced aquaporin-2 expression via a calmodulin-dependent mechanism. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 19, 109\u2013116 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR88","first-page":"903","volume":"101","author":"JA Gordon","year":"1983","unstructured":"Gordon, J. A. et al. The renal concentrating defect after gentamicin administration in the rat. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 101, 903\u2013910 (1983).","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70440-6","volume":"6","author":"DL Blazes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Blazes, D. L. & Decker, C. F. Symptomatic hyperlactataemia precipitated by the addition of tetracycline to combination antiretroviral therapy. Lancet Infect. Dis. 6, 249\u2013252 (2006).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-007-6302-x","volume":"35","author":"M Wiener","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wiener, M. et al. Lactic acidosis after treatment with linezolid. Infection 35, 278\u2013281 (2007).","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1086\/501356","volume":"42","author":"AS De Vriese","year":"2006","unstructured":"De Vriese, A. S. et al. Linezolid-induced inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 42, 1111\u20131117 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-122-11-199506010-00005","volume":"122","author":"BE Coronado","year":"1995","unstructured":"Coronado, B. E., Opal, S. M. & Yoburn, D. C. Antibiotic-induced D-lactic acidosis. Ann. Intern. Med. 122, 839\u2013842 (1995).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1996.1","volume":"49","author":"ML Halperin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Halperin, M. L. & Kamel, K. S. D-lactic acidosis: turning sugar into acids in the gastrointestinal tract. Kidney Int. 49, 1\u20138 (1996).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01411005","volume":"1","author":"AZ Fenves","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fenves, A. Z. et al. Increased anion gap metabolic acidosis as a result of 5-oxoproline (pyroglutamic acid): a role for acetaminophen. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1, 441\u2013447 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00537.x","volume":"185","author":"JV Peter","year":"2006","unstructured":"Peter, J. V. et al. An unusual cause of severe metabolic acidosis. Med. J. Aust. 185, 223\u2013225 (2006).","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR96","first-page":"351","volume":"66","author":"EJ Rolleman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rolleman, E. J. et al. Guilty as charged: unmeasured urinary anions in a case of pyroglutamic acidosis. Neth. J. Med. 66, 351\u2013353 (2008).","journal-title":"Neth. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2004.08.003","volume":"15","author":"D Adler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Adler, D. et al. SIADH consecutive to ciprofloxacin intake. Eur. J. Intern. Med. 15, 463\u2013464 (2004).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.10359","volume":"35","author":"JM Kushner","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kushner, J. M., Peckman, H. J. & Snyder, C. R. Seizures associated with fluoroquinolones. Ann. Pharmacother. 35, 1194\u20131198 (2001).","journal-title":"Ann. Pharmacother."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.21.5.493.34488","volume":"21","author":"MM Chitre","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chitre, M. M. & Berenson, C. S. Idiosyncratic rifabutin-induced leukopenia and SIADH: case report and review. Pharmacotherapy 21, 493\u2013497 (2001).","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.25.5.608","volume":"25","author":"AM Holmes","year":"1970","unstructured":"Holmes, A. M., Hesling, C. M. & Wilson, T. M. Capreomycin-induced serum electrolyte abnormalities. Thorax 25, 608\u2013611 (1970).","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR101","first-page":"731","volume":"81","author":"T Nakashita","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nakashita, T. & Motojima, S. Case of SIADH caused by ethionamide in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis [Japanese]. Kekkaku 81, 731\u2013735 (2006).","journal-title":"Kekkaku"},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2008.03.038","volume":"121","author":"A Thiele","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thiele, A. & Rehman, H. U. Hyperkalemia caused by penicillin. Am. J. Med. 121, e1\u2013e2 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrneph200917_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1998.tb03915.x","volume":"18","author":"JP Barcia","year":"1998","unstructured":"Barcia, J. P. Hyperkalemia associated with rapid infusion of conventional and lipid complex formulations of amphotericin B. Pharmacotherapy 18, 874\u2013876 (1998).","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrneph.2009.17.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrneph.2009.17","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/doifinder\/10.1038\/nrneph.2009.17","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrneph.2009.17.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T17:45:01Z","timestamp":1739036701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrneph.2009.17"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnrneph200917"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrneph.2009.17","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-5061","1759-507X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-5061","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-507X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}}}