{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:19:07Z","timestamp":1791429547295,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2009.236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,4]],"date-time":"2010-01-04T06:11:09Z","timestamp":1262585469000},"page":"30-38","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":330,"title":["Update on gout: new therapeutic strategies and options"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Terkeltaub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"issue":"Suppl. 5","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.75.Suppl_5.S5","volume":"75","author":"BF Mandell","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mandell, B. F. Clinical manifestations of hyperuricemia and gout. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 75 (Suppl. 5), S5\u2013S8 (2008).","journal-title":"Cleve. Clin. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-007-0040-z","volume":"9","author":"SE Liebman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liebman, S. E., Taylor, J. G. & Bushinsky, D. A. Uric acid nephrolithiasis. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 9, 251\u2013257 (2007).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200205000-00015","volume":"14","author":"RL Wortmann","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wortmann, R. L. Gout and hyperuricemia. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 14, 281\u2013286 (2002).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh640","volume":"44","author":"N Dalbeth","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dalbeth, N. & Haskard, D. O. Mechanisms of inflammation in gout. Rheumatology (Oxford) 44, 1090\u20131096 (2005).","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.099713","volume":"68","author":"HK Choi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Choi, H. K.  et al. Dual energy computed tomography in tophaceous gout. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68, 1609\u20131612 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800885","volume":"359","author":"DI Feig","year":"2008","unstructured":"Feig, D. I., Kang, D. H. & Johnson, R. J. Uric acid and cardiovascular risk. N. Engl. J. Med. 359, 1811\u20131821 (2008).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2400","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20438","volume":"50","author":"JD Bieber","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bieber, J. D. & Terkeltaub, R. A. Gout: on the brink of novel therapeutic options for an ancient disease. Arthritis Rheum. 50, 2400\u20132414 (2004).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C1183","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00075.2008","volume":"295","author":"S Zharikov","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zharikov, S.  et al. Uric acid decreases NO production and increases arginase activity in cultured pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 295, C1183\u2013C1190 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3282f524a2","volume":"20","author":"AE Hak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hak, A. E. & Choi, H. K. Lifestyle and gout. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 20, 179\u2013186 (2008).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR10","first-page":"1582","volume":"31","author":"KL Wallace","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wallace, K. L., Riedel, A. A., Joseph-Ridge, N. & Wortmann, R. Increasing prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia over 10 years among older adults in a managed care population. J. Rheumatol. 31, 1582\u20131587 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23176","volume":"58","author":"RC Lawrence","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lawrence, R. C.  et al. National Arthritis Data Workgroup. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part II. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 26\u201335 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-007-0041-y","volume":"9","author":"JS Sundy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sundy, J. S. & Hershfield, M. S. Uricase and other novel agents for the management of patients with treatment-failure gout. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 9, 258\u2013264 (2007).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1080\/15257770802136024","volume":"27","author":"H Endou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Endou, H. & Anzai, N. Urate transport across the apical membrane of renal proximal tubules. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 27, 578\u2013584 (2008).","journal-title":"Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26834","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C800156200","volume":"283","author":"N Anzai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Anzai, N.  et al. Plasma urate level is directly regulated by a voltage-driven urate efflux transporter URATv1 (SLC2A9) in humans. J. Biol. Chem. 283, 26834\u201326838 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61343-4","volume":"372","author":"A Dehghan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dehghan, A.  et al. Association of three genetic loci with uric acid concentration and risk of gout: a genome-wide association study. Lancet 372, 1953\u20131961 (2008).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10338","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901249106","volume":"106","author":"OM Woodward","year":"2009","unstructured":"Woodward, O. M.  et al. Identification of a urate transporter, ABCG2, with a common functional polymorphism causing gout. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 10338\u201310342 (2009).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urano, W.  et al. Sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter type 1 (NPT1) sequence polymorphisms in male patients with gout. Ann. Rheum. Dis. doi:10.1136\/ard.2008.106856.","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.106856"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.11.001","volume":"83","author":"H Matsuo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Matsuo, H.  et al. Mutations in glucose transporter 9 gene SLC2A9 cause renal hypouricemia. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 83, 744\u2013751 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0349","volume":"31","author":"A Brandst\u00e4tter","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brandst\u00e4tter, A.  et al. Sex-specific association of the putative fructose transporter SLC2A9 variants with uric acid levels is modified by BMI. Diabetes Care 31, 1662\u20131667 (2008).","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1908","volume":"8","author":"BN Cronstein","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cronstein, B. N. & Terkeltaub, R. The inflammatory process of gout and its treatment. Arthritis Res. Ther. 8 (Suppl. 1), S3 (2006).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2936","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21238","volume":"52","author":"R Liu-Bryan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liu-Bryan, R., Scott, P., Sydlaske, A., Rose, D. M. & Terkeltaub, R. Innate immunity conferred by Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 expression is pivotal to monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced inflammation. Arthritis Rheum. 52, 2936\u20132946 (2005).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04516","volume":"440","author":"F Martinon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martinon, F., P\u00e9trilli, V., Mayor, A., Tardivel, A. & Tschopp, J. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature 440, 237\u2013241 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1631","volume":"9","author":"V Hornung","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hornung, V.  et al. Silica crystals and aluminum salts activate the NALP3 inflammasome through phagosomal destabilization. Nat. Immunol. 9, 847\u2013856 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp030733","volume":"349","author":"RA Terkeltaub","year":"2003","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R. A. Clinical practice. Gout. N. Engl. J. Med. 349, 1647\u20131655 (2003).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.055269","volume":"65","author":"W Zhang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang, W.  et al. EULAR evidence based recommendations for gout. Part II: management. Report of a task force of the EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann. Rheum. Dis. 65, 1312\u20131324 (2006).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.28.4.437","volume":"28","author":"BA Briesacher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Briesacher, B. A., Andrade, S. E., Fouayzi, H. & Chan, K. A. Comparison of drug adherence rates among patients with seven different medical conditions. Pharmacotherapy 28, 437\u2013443 (2008).","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R46","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2659","volume":"11","author":"LR Harrold","year":"2009","unstructured":"Harrold, L. R.  et al. Adherence with urate-lowering therapies for the treatment of gout. Arthritis Res. Ther. 11, R46 (2009).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2008.08.006","volume":"38","author":"RA Terkeltaub","year":"2008","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R. A. Colchicine Update: 2008. Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 38, 411\u2013419 (2008).","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.11.014","volume":"49","author":"CY Man","year":"2007","unstructured":"Man, C. Y., Cheung, I. T., Cameron, P. A. & Rainer, T. H. Comparison of oral prednisolone\/paracetamol and oral indomethacin\/paracetamol combination therapy in the treatment of acute gout like arthritis: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Ann. Emerg. Med. 49, 670\u2013677 (2007).","journal-title":"Ann. Emerg. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60799-0","volume":"371","author":"HJ Janssens","year":"2008","unstructured":"Janssens, H. J., Janssen, M., van de Lisdonk, E. H., van Riel, P. L. & van Weel, C. Use of oral prednisolone or naproxen for the treatment of gout arthritis: a double-blind, randomised equivalence trial. Lancet 371, 1854\u20131860 (2008).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20007","volume":"50","author":"BR Rubin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rubin, B. R.  et al. Efficacy and safety profile of treatment with etoricoxib 120 mg once daily compared with indomethacin 50 mg three times daily in acute gout: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 50, 598\u2013606 (2004).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6339com","volume":"20","author":"SJ Getting","year":"2006","unstructured":"Getting, S. J., Lam, C. W., Chen, A. S., Grieco, P. & Perretti, M. Melanocortin 3 receptors control crystal-induced inflammation. FASEB J. 20, 2234\u20132241 (2006).","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR33","first-page":"S879","volume":"58","author":"R Terkeltaub","year":"2008","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R., Furst, D., Bennett, K., Kook, K. & Davis, M. Low dose (1.8 mg) vs high dose (4.8 mg) oral colchicine regimens in patients with acute gout flare in a large, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study [abstract 1944]. Arthritis Rheum. 58 (Suppl.), S879 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R28","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2143","volume":"9","author":"A So","year":"2007","unstructured":"So, A., De Smedt, T., Revaz, S. & Tschopp, J. A pilot study of IL-1 inhibition by anakinra in acute gout. Arthritis Res. Ther. 9, R28 (2007).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108936","volume":"68","author":"R Terkeltaub","year":"2009","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R.  et al. The IL-1 inhibitor rilonacept in treatment of chronic gouty arthritis: Results of a placebo-controlled, monosequence crossover, nonrandomized, single-blind pilot study. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68, 1613\u20131617 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR36","first-page":"680","volume":"68","author":"RH Schumacher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schumacher, R. H.  et al. Placebo-controlled study of rilonacept for prevention of gout flares during initiation of urate-lowering therapy. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68 (Suppl. 3), 680 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-009-0019-z","volume":"11","author":"J Chao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chao, J. & Terkeltaub, R. A critical reappraisal of allopurinol dosing, safety, and efficacy for hyperuricemia in gout. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 11, 135\u2013140 (2009).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23007","volume":"57","author":"F Perez-Ruiz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Perez-Ruiz, F. & Liot\u00e9, F. Lowering serum uric acid levels: what is the optimal target for improving clinical outcomes in gout? Arthritis Rheum. 57, 1324\u20131328 (2007).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23803","volume":"58","author":"NL Edwards","year":"2008","unstructured":"Edwards, N. L. Treatment-failure gout: a moving target. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 2587\u20132590 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050373","volume":"353","author":"MA Becker","year":"2005","unstructured":"Becker, M. A.  et al. Febuxostat compared with allopurinol in patients with hyperuricemia and gout. N. Engl. J. Med. 353, 2450\u20132461 (2005).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24209","volume":"59","author":"HR Schumacher Jr","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schumacher, H. R. Jr,  et al. Effects of febuxostat versus allopurinol and placebo in reducing serum urate in subjects with hyperuricemia and gout: a 28-week, phase III, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Arthritis Rheum. 59, 1540\u20131548 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR42","unstructured":"Becker, M.  et al. A phase 3 randomized, controlled, multicenter, double-blind trial (RCT) comparing efficacy and safety of daily febuxostat (FEB) and allopurinol (ALLO) in subjects with gout [abstract L11]. Arthritis Rheum. 58 (Suppl.), (2008)."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.57.9.545","volume":"57","author":"F Perez-Ruiz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Perez-Ruiz, F.  et al. Efficacy of allopurinol and benzbromarone for the control of hyperuricaemia. A pathogenic approach to the treatment of primary chronic gout. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 57, 545\u2013549 (1998).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.091462","volume":"68","author":"MK Reinders","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reinders, M. K.  et al. A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and tolerability with dose-escalation of allopurinol 300\u2013600 mg\/day versus benzbromarone 100\u2013200 mg\/day in patients with gout. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68, 892\u2013897 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.4065\/81.7.925","volume":"81","author":"CA Sarawate","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sarawate, C. A.  et al. Gout medication treatment patterns and adherence to standards of care from a managed care perspective. Mayo Clin. Proc. 81, 925\u2013934 (2006).","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2007.00270.x","volume":"20","author":"N Dalbeth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dalbeth, N. & Stamp, L. Allopurinol dosing in renal impairment: walking the tightrope between adequate urate lowering and adverse events. Semin. Dial. 20, 391\u2013395 (2007).","journal-title":"Semin. Dial."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000164822.98163.22","volume":"11","author":"F Perez-Ruiz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Perez-Ruiz, F., Hernando, I., Villar, I. & Nolla, J. M. Correction of allopurinol dosing should be based on clearance of creatinine, but not plasma creatinine levels: another insight to allopurinol-related toxicity. J. Clin. Rheumatol. 11, 129\u2013133 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken457","volume":"48","author":"HR Schumacher Jr","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schumacher, H. R., Jr, Becker, M. A., Lloyd, E., MacDonald, P. A. & Lademacher, C. Febuxostat in the treatment of gout: 5-yr findings of the FOCUS efficacy and safety study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 48, 188\u2013194 (2009).","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR49","first-page":"56","volume":"7","author":"F Perez-Ruiz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perez-Ruiz, F., Calabozo, M., Pijoan, J. I., Herrero-Beites, A. M. & Ruibal, A. Effect of urate-lowering therapy on the velocity of size reduction of tophi in chronic gout. Arthritis Rheum. 7, 56\u201360 (2002).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0528-3","volume":"26","author":"MK Reinders","year":"2007","unstructured":"Reinders, M. K., van Roon, E. N., Houtman, P. M., Brouwers, J. R. & Jansen, T. L. Biochemical effectiveness of allopurinol and allopurinol-probenecid in previously benzbromarone-treated gout patients. Clin. Rheumatol. 26, 1459\u20131465 (2007).","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR51","first-page":"1955","volume":"34","author":"R Terkeltaub","year":"2007","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R. Learning how and when to employ uricase as bridge therapy in refractory gout. J. Rheumatol. 34, 1955\u20131958 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR52","first-page":"S400","volume":"58","author":"JS Sundy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sundy, J. S.  et al. Efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) pegloticase (PGL) in subjects with treatment failure gout (TFG): Phase 3 results from GOUT1 and GOUT2 [Abstract]. Arthritis Rheum. 58 (Suppl.), S400 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR53","first-page":"S176","volume":"58","author":"HS Baraf","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baraf, H. S.  et al. Tophus response to pegloticase (PGL) therapy: pooled results from GOUT1 and GOUT2, PGL phase 3 randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trials [Abstract]. Arthritis Rheum. 58 (Suppl.), S176 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.071229","volume":"36","author":"MA Becker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Becker, M. A.  et al. Quality of life and disability in patients with treatment-failure gout. J. Rheumatol. 36, 1041\u20131048 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"Suppl.","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR55","first-page":"S880","volume":"58","author":"MA Becker","year":"2008","unstructured":"Becker, M. A.  et al. Immunoreactivity and clinical response to pegloticase (PGL): pooled data from GOUT1 and GOUT2 PGL phase 3 randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trials [abstract 1945]. Arthritis Rheum. 58 (Suppl.), S880 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23810","volume":"58","author":"JS Sundy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sundy, J. S.  et al. Reduction of plasma urate levels following treatment with multiple doses of pegloticase (polyethylene glycol-conjugated uricase) in patients with treatment-failure gout: results of a phase II randomized study. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 2882\u20132891 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2738","volume":"11","author":"R Terkeltaub","year":"2009","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R. Gout. Novel therapies for treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. Arthritis Res. Ther. 11, 236 (2009).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR58","first-page":"2429","volume":"31","author":"GC Borstad","year":"2004","unstructured":"Borstad, G. C.  et al. Colchicine for prophylaxis of acute flares when initiating allopurinol for chronic gouty arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 31, 2429\u20132432 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-009-0022-4","volume":"11","author":"JA Singh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Singh, J. A. Quality of life and quality of care for patients with gout. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 11, 154\u2013160 (2009).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"issue":"Suppl. 47","key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR60","first-page":"114","volume":"25","author":"TR Mikuls","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mikuls, T. R. Quality of care in gout: from measurement to improvement. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 25 (Suppl. 47), 114\u2013119 (2007).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR61","first-page":"104","volume":"33","author":"T Neogi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Neogi, T., Hunter, D. J., Chaisson, C. E., Allensworth-Davies, D. & Zhang, Y. Frequency and predictors of inappropriate management of recurrent gout attacks in a longitudinal study. J. Rheumatol. 33, 104\u2013109 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.081604","volume":"67","author":"JA Singh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Singh, J. A. & Strand, V. Gout is associated with more comorbidities, poorer health-related quality of life and higher healthcare utilisation in US veterans. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 67, 1310\u20131316 (2008).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.10.1104","volume":"168","author":"E Krishnan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Krishnan, E., Svendsen, K., Neaton, J. D., Grandits, G. & Kuller, L. H. MRFIT Research Group: long-term cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged men with gout. Arch. Intern. Med. 168, 1104\u20131110 (2008).","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wall, G. C., Koenigsfeld, C. F., Hegge, K. A. & Bottenberg, M. M. Adherence to treatment guidelines in two primary care populations with gout. Rheumatol. Int. doi:10.1007\/s00296-009-1056-7.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-009-1056-7"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2009236_CR65","first-page":"64","volume":"14","author":"EQ Wu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wu, E. Q.  et al. Disease-related and all-cause health care costs of elderly patients with gout. J. Manag. Care Pharm. 14, 64\u2013175 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Manag. Care Pharm."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.7","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298937600000}}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2009.236.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2009.236","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2009.236.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:24:05Z","timestamp":1684455845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2009.236"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnrrheum2009236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrrheum.2009.236","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-4790","1759-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-4790","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-4804","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}}}