{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:03:32Z","timestamp":1791277412446,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]],"date-time":"2010-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1290470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2010.182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]],"date-time":"2010-11-23T11:01:23Z","timestamp":1290510083000},"page":"96-104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Pathophysiology of articular chondrocalcinosis\u2014role of ANKH"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Abhishek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR1","first-page":"1845","volume-title":"Rheumatology","author":"R Neame","year":"2008","unstructured":"Neame, R. & Doherty, M. in Rheumatology 4th edn (eds Hochberg, M. C. et al.) 1845\u20131858 (Mosby, Edinburgh, 2008)."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.08.012","volume":"15","author":"P Viriyavejkul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Viriyavejkul, P., Wilairatana, V., Tanavalee, A. & Jaovisidha, K. Comparison of characteristics of patients with and without calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease who underwent total knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 15, 232\u2013235 (2007).","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR3","first-page":"570","volume":"29","author":"BA Derfus","year":"2002","unstructured":"Derfus, B. A. et al. The high prevalence of pathologic calcium crystals in pre-operative knees. J. Rheumatol. 29, 570\u2013574 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR4","first-page":"1859","volume-title":"Rheumatology","author":"GM McCarthy","year":"2008","unstructured":"McCarthy, G. M. in Rheumatology 4th edn (eds Hochberg, M. C. et al.) 1859\u20131868 (Mosby, Edinburgh, 2008)."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-56-5-711","volume":"56","author":"DJ McCarty","year":"1962","unstructured":"McCarty, D. J., Kohn, N. H. & Faires, J. S. The significance of calcium phosphate crystals in the synovial fluid of arthritic patients: the 'pseudogout syndrome'. I. Clinical aspects. Ann. Intern. Med. 56, 711\u2013737 (1962).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(197605\/06)19:3+<275::AID-ART1780190702>3.0.CO;2-0","volume":"19","author":"DJ McCarty","year":"1976","unstructured":"McCarty, D. J. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease\u20141975. Arthritis Rheum. 19 (Suppl. 3), 275\u2013285 (1976).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR7","first-page":"93","volume":"69","author":"W Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang, W. et al. EULAR evidence-based recommendations for calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD). Part I: terminology and diagnosis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 69 (Suppl. 3), 93 (2010).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR8","first-page":"1241","volume":"16","author":"DT Felson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Felson, D. T., Anderson, J. J., Naimark, A., Kannel, W. & Meenan, R. F. The prevalence of chondrocalcinosis in the elderly and its association with knee osteoarthritis: the Framingham Study. J. Rheumatol. 16, 1241\u20131245 (1989).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.015206","volume":"63","author":"W Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Neame, R., Doherty, S. & Doherty, M. Relative risk of knee chondrocalcinosis in siblings of index cases with pyrophosphate arthropathy. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 63, 969\u2013973 (2004).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR10","first-page":"981","volume":"27","author":"R Ramonda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ramonda, R. et al. Prevalence of chondrocalcinosis in Italian subjects from northeastern Italy. The Pro. V. A. (PROgetto Veneto Anziani) study. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 27, 981\u2013984 (2009).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.6.513","volume":"62","author":"RL Neame","year":"2003","unstructured":"Neame, R. L., Carr, A. J., Muir, K. & Doherty, M. UK community prevalence of knee chondrocalcinosis: evidence that correlation with osteoarthritis is through a shared association with osteophyte. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 62, 513\u2013518 (2003).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.6.418","volume":"52","author":"R Sanmart\u00ed","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sanmart\u00ed, R. et al. Prevalence of articular chondrocalcinosis in elderly subjects in a rural area of Catalonia. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 52, 418\u2013422 (1993).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3508","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22189","volume":"54","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. et al. Lower prevalence of chondrocalcinosis in Chinese subjects in Beijing than in white subjects in the United States: the Beijing Osteoarthritis Study. Arthritis Rheum. 54, 3508\u20133512 (2006).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.4.416","volume":"60","author":"AN Malaviya","year":"2001","unstructured":"Malaviya, A. N. et al. Calcium pyrophosphatase dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease in a teaching hospital in Kuwait. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 60, 416\u2013419 (2001).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)92336-4","volume":"1","author":"M Doherty","year":"1982","unstructured":"Doherty, M., Watt, I. & Dieppe, P. A. Localised chondrocalcinosis in post-meniscectomy knees. Lancet 1, 1207\u20131210 (1982).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-166","volume":"10","author":"M Fuerst","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fuerst, M. et al. Articular cartilage mineralization in osteoarthritis of the hip. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 10, 166 (2009).","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2694","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24774","volume":"60","author":"M Fuerst","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fuerst, M. et al. Calcification of articular cartilage in human osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 60, 2694\u20132703 (2009).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep081","volume":"48","author":"P Richette","year":"2009","unstructured":"Richette, P., Bardin, T. & Doherty, M. An update on the epidemiology of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 48, 711\u2013715 (2009).","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1159\/000013614","volume":"20","author":"L Cal\u00f2","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cal\u00f2, L., Punzi, L. & Semplicini, A. Hypomagnesemia and chondrocalcinosis in Bartter's and Gitelman's syndrome: review of the pathogenetic mechanisms. Am. J. Nephrol. 20, 347\u2013350 (2000).","journal-title":"Am. J. Nephrol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23106","volume":"57","author":"P Richette","year":"2007","unstructured":"Richette, P. et al. Hypomagnesemia associated with chondrocalcinosis: a cross-sectional study. Arthritis Rheum. 57, 1496\u20131501 (2007).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.41.4.344","volume":"41","author":"P Hollingworth","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hollingworth, P., Williams, P. L. & Scott, J. T. Frequency of chondrocalcinosis of the knees in asymptomatic hyperuricaemia and rheumatoid arthritis: a controlled study. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 41, 344\u2013346 (1982).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270906","volume":"27","author":"M Doherty","year":"1984","unstructured":"Doherty, M., Dieppe, P. & Watt, I. Low incidence of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in rheumatoid arthritis, with modification of radiographic features in coexistent disease. Arthritis Rheum. 27, 1002\u20131009 (1984).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0421-0","volume":"26","author":"B Rothschild","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rothschild, B. CPPD complicating other forms of inflammatory arthritis. Clin. Rheumatol. 26, 1130\u20131131 (2007).","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-005-0082-4","volume":"25","author":"JC Gerster","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gerster, J. C., Varisco, P. A., Kern, J., Dudler, J. & So, A. K. CPPD crystal deposition disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin. Rheumatol. 25, 468\u2013469 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/4.7.1225","volume":"4","author":"AE Hughes","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hughes, A. E., McGibbon, D., Woodward, E., Dixey, J. & Doherty, M. Localisation of a gene for chondrocalcinosis to chromosome 5p. Hum. Mol. Genet. 4, 1225\u20131228 (1995).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2627","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11133","volume":"48","author":"CJ Williams","year":"2003","unstructured":"Williams, C. J. et al. Mutations in the amino terminus of ANKH in two US families with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease. Arthritis Rheum. 48, 2627\u20132631 (2003).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1086\/302186","volume":"64","author":"LJ Andrew","year":"1999","unstructured":"Andrew, L. J. et al. Refinement of the chromosome 5p locus for familial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 64, 136\u2013145 (1999).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/30.1.10","volume":"30","author":"M Doherty","year":"1991","unstructured":"Doherty, M., Hamilton, E., Henderson, J., Misra, H. & Dixey, J. Familial chondrocalcinosis due to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in English families. Br. J. Rheumatol. 30, 10\u201315 (1991).","journal-title":"Br. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR29","first-page":"109","volume":"8","author":"M Hamza","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hamza, M. et al. HLA-antigens in a Tunisian familial chondrocalcinosis. Dis. Markers 8, 109\u2013112 (1990).","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3109\/03009747709095453","volume":"6","author":"A Gaucher","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gaucher, A. et al. Hereditary diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis. Dominant manifestation without close linkage with the HLA system in a large pedigree. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 6, 217\u2013221 (1977).","journal-title":"Scand. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR31","first-page":"43","volume":"10","author":"M Hamza","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hamza, M., Meddeb, N. & Bardin, T. Hereditary chondrocalcinosis in a Tunisian family. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 10, 43\u201349 (1992).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR32","first-page":"692","volume":"56","author":"CT Baldwin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Baldwin, C. T. et al. Linkage of early-onset osteoarthritis and chondrocalcinosis to human chromosome 8q. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 56, 692\u2013697 (1995).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1086\/343054","volume":"71","author":"A Pendleton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pendleton, A. et al. Mutations in ANKH cause chondrocalcinosis. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 71, 933\u2013940 (2002).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2003.10.012","volume":"71","author":"I B\u00e9jia","year":"2004","unstructured":"B\u00e9jia, I. et al. Familial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease. A Tunisian kindred. Joint Bone Spine 71, 401\u2013408 (2004).","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780240407","volume":"24","author":"A Gaudreau","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gaudreau, A. et al. Familial articular chondrocalcinosis in Quebec. Arthritis Rheum. 24, 611\u2013615 (1981).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR36","first-page":"631","volume":"13","author":"MP Fernandez Dapica","year":"1986","unstructured":"Fernandez Dapica, M. P. & G\u00f3mez-Reino, J. J. Familial chondrocalcinosis in the Spanish population. J. Rheumatol. 13, 631\u2013633 (1986).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.49.7.531","volume":"49","author":"A Balsa","year":"1990","unstructured":"Balsa, A. et al. Familial articular chondrocalcinosis in Spain. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 49, 531\u2013535 (1990).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20978","volume":"52","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. et al. Association of sporadic chondrocalcinosis with a 4-basepair G-to-A transition in the 5\u2032-untranslated region of ANKH that promotes enhanced expression of ANKH protein and excess generation of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate. Arthritis Rheum. 52, 1110\u20131117 (2005).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sahinbegovic, E. et al. Musculoskeletal disease burden of hereditary hemochromatosis. Arthritis Rheum. doi:10.1002\/art.27712.","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27712"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350218","volume":"35","author":"BA Derfus","year":"1992","unstructured":"Derfus, B. A. et al. Articular cartilage vesicles generate calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate-like crystals in vitro. Arthritis Rheum. 35, 231\u2013240 (1992).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR41","first-page":"828","volume":"15","author":"KP Pritzker","year":"1988","unstructured":"Pritzker, K. P., Cheng, P. T. & Renlund, R. C. Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition in hyaline cartilage. Ultrastructural analysis and implications for pathogenesis. J. Rheumatol. 15, 828\u2013835 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.54.12.939","volume":"54","author":"LM Ryan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ryan, L. M. & McCarty, D. J. Understanding inorganic pyrophosphate metabolism: toward prevention of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 54, 939\u2013941 (1995).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63208-7","volume":"164","author":"D Harmey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harmey, D. et al. Concerted regulation of inorganic pyrophosphate and osteopontin by Akp2, Enpp1, and Ank: an integrated model of the pathogenesis of mineralization disorders. Am. J. Pathol. 164, 1199\u20131209 (2004).","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR44","first-page":"1514","volume":"22","author":"B Derfus","year":"1995","unstructured":"Derfus, B. et al. Characterization of an additional articular cartilage vesicle fraction that generates calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in vitro. J. Rheumatol. 22, 1514\u20131519 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1007\/s002239900523","volume":"63","author":"B Derfus","year":"1998","unstructured":"Derfus, B. et al. Human osteoarthritic cartilage matrix vesicles generate both calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate and apatite in vitro. Calcif. Tissue Int. 63, 258\u2013262 (1998).","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.08.038","volume":"388","author":"E Mitton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mitton, E., Gohr, C. M., McNally, M. T. & Rosenthal, A. K. Articular cartilage vesicles contain RNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 388, 533\u2013538 (2009).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.08.001","volume":"36","author":"W Grassi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Grassi, W., Meenagh, G., Pascual, E. & Filippucci, E. \u201cCrystal clear\u201d-sonographic assessment of gout and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 36, 197\u2013202 (2006).","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR48","first-page":"1108","volume":"35","author":"C Muehleman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Muehleman, C. et al. Association between crystals and cartilage degeneration in the ankle. J. Rheumatol. 35, 1108\u20131117 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360520","volume":"36","author":"A Beutler","year":"1993","unstructured":"Beutler, A., Rothfuss, S., Clayburne, G., Sieck, M. & Schumacher, H. R. Jr . Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in synovium. Relationship to collagen fibers and chondrometaplasia. Arthritis Rheum. 36, 704\u2013715 (1993).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971060-00012","volume":"71","author":"K Ishikawa","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ishikawa, K., Masuda, I., Ohira, T. & Yokoyama, M. A histological study of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal-deposition disease. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 71, 875\u2013886 (1989).","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270710","volume":"27","author":"NS Mandel","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mandel, N. S., Mandel, G. S., Carroll, D. J. & Halverson, P. B. Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition. An in vitro study using a gelatin matrix model. Arthritis Rheum. 27, 789\u2013796 (1984).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2001.281.1.C1","volume":"281","author":"RA Terkeltaub","year":"2001","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R. A. Inorganic pyrophosphate generation and disposition in pathophysiology. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 281, C1\u2013C11 (2001).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(197605\/06)19:3+<465::AID-ART1780190722>3.0.CO;2-#","volume":"19","author":"RG Russell","year":"1976","unstructured":"Russell, R. G. Metabolism of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). Arthritis Rheum. 19 (Suppl. 3), 465\u2013478 (1976).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR54","first-page":"112","volume-title":"Harper's Biochemistry","author":"RK Murray","year":"1996","unstructured":"Murray, R. K., Granner, D. K., Mayes, P. A. & Rodwell, V. W. (eds) Harper's Biochemistry 24th edn, 112 (Appleton & Lange, Stamford, 1996)."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780241211","volume":"24","author":"LM Ryan","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ryan, L. M., Cheung, H. S. & McCarty, D. J. Release of pyrophosphate by normal mammalian articular hyaline and fibrocartilage in organ culture. Arthritis Rheum. 24, 1522\u20131527 (1981).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360415","volume":"36","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K., McCarty, B. A., Cheung, H. S. & Ryan, L. M. A comparison of the effect of transforming growth factor \u03b21 on pyrophosphate elaboration from various articular tissues. Arthritis Rheum. 36, 539\u2013542 (1993).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780160206","volume":"16","author":"RD Altman","year":"1973","unstructured":"Altman, R. D., Muniz, O. E., Pita, J. C. & Howell, D. S. Articular chondrocalcinosis. Microanalysis of pyrophosphate (PPi) in synovial fluid and plasma. Arthritis Rheum. 16, 171\u2013178 (1973).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.55.7.432","volume":"55","author":"M Doherty","year":"1996","unstructured":"Doherty, M., Belcher, C., Regan, M., Jones, A. & Ledingham, J. Association between synovial fluid levels of inorganic pyrophosphate and short term radiographic outcome of knee osteoarthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 55, 432\u2013436 (1996).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2008.05.020","volume":"17","author":"C Thouverey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Thouverey, C., Bechkoff, G., Pikula, S. & Buchet, R. Inorganic pyrophosphate as a regulator of hydroxyapatite or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate mineral deposition by matrix vesicles. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 17, 64\u201372 (2009).","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR60","first-page":"769","volume":"10","author":"PT Cheng","year":"1983","unstructured":"Cheng, P. T. & Pritzker, K. P. Pyrophosphate, phosphate ion interaction: effects on calcium pyrophosphate and calcium hydroxyapatite crystal formation in aqueous solutions. J. Rheumatol. 10, 769\u2013777 (1983).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR61","first-page":"2681","volume":"28","author":"K Johnson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Johnson, K., Pritzker, K., Goding, J. & Terkeltaub, R. The nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase isozyme PC-1 directly promotes cartilage calcification through chondrocyte apoptosis and increased calcium precipitation by mineralizing vesicles. J. Rheumatol. 28, 2681\u20132691 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1086\/509881","volume":"79","author":"KA Gurley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gurley, K. A., Reimer, R. J. & Kingsley, D. M. Biochemical and genetic analysis of ANK in arthritis and bone disease. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 79, 1017\u20131029 (2006).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9445","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.142063399","volume":"99","author":"L Hessle","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hessle, L. et al. Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 are central antagonistic regulators of bone mineralization. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 9445\u20139449 (2002).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200007)43:7<1571::AID-ANR22>3.0.CO;2-L","volume":"43","author":"RD Graff","year":"2000","unstructured":"Graff, R. D., Lazarowski, E. R., Banes, A. J. & Lee, G. M. ATP release by mechanically loaded porcine chondrons in pellet culture. Arthritis Rheum. 43, 1571\u20131579 (2000).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780351216","volume":"35","author":"LM Ryan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ryan, L. M., Kurup, I. V., Derfus, B. A. & Kushnaryov, V. M. ATP-induced chondrocalcinosis. Arthritis Rheum. 35, 1520\u20131525 (1992).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10364","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.22.10364","volume":"92","author":"M Lotz","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lotz, M. et al. Interleukin 1\u03b2 suppresses transforming growth factor-induced inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) production and expression of the PPi-generating enzyme PC-1 in human chondrocytes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 92, 10364\u201310368 (1995).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200105)44:5<1071::AID-ANR187>3.0.CO;2-3","volume":"44","author":"K Johnson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Johnson, K. et al. Up-regulated expression of the phosphodiesterase nucleotide pyrophosphatase family member PC-1 is a marker and pathogenic factor for knee meniscal cartilage matrix calcification. Arthritis Rheum. 44, 1071\u20131081 (2001).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199909)42:9<1986::AID-ANR26>3.0.CO;2-O","volume":"42","author":"K Johnson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Johnson, K. et al. Differential mechanisms of inorganic pyrophosphate production by plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 and B10 in chondrocytes. Arthritis Rheum. 42, 1986\u20131997 (1999).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2703","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200012)43:12<2703::AID-ANR10>3.0.CO;2-Y","volume":"43","author":"J Hirose","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hirose, J., Masuda, I. & Ryan, L. M. Expression of cartilage intermediate layer protein\/nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase parallels the production of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate in response to growth factors and with aging. Arthritis Rheum. 43, 2703\u20132711 (2000).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10927","volume":"48","author":"K Johnson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Johnson, K., Farley, D., Hu, S. I. & Terkeltaub, R. One of two chondrocyte-expressed isoforms of cartilage intermediate-layer protein functions as an insulin-like growth factor 1 antagonist. Arthritis Rheum. 48, 1302\u20131314 (2003).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.11.027","volume":"38","author":"R Garimella","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garimella, R., Bi, X., Anderson, H. C. & Camacho, N. P. Nature of phosphate substrate as a major determinant of mineral type formed in matrix vesicle-mediated in vitro mineralization: an FTIR imaging study. Bone 38, 811\u2013817 (2006).","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2006.10.004","volume":"26","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K., Gohr, C. M., Uzuki, M. & Masuda, I. Osteopontin promotes pathologic mineralization in articular cartilage. Matrix Biol. 26, 96\u2013105 (2007).","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R164","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2072","volume":"8","author":"R Zaka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zaka, R. et al. P5L mutation in Ank results in an increase in extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate during proliferation and nonmineralizing hypertrophy in stably transduced ATDC5 cells. Arthritis Res. Ther. 8, R164 (2006).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5477.265","volume":"289","author":"AM Ho","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ho, A. M., Johnson, M. D. & Kingsley, D. M. Role of the mouse Ank gene in control of tissue calcification and arthritis. Science 289, 265\u2013270 (2000).","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.42.Suppl_1.27","volume":"42","author":"A Caswell","year":"1983","unstructured":"Caswell, A., Guilland-Cumming, D. F., Hearn, P. R., McGuire, M. K. & Russell, R. G. Pathogenesis of chondrocalcinosis and pseudogout. Metabolism of inorganic pyrophosphate and production of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 42 (Suppl. 1), 27\u201337 (1983).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(197605\/06)19:3+<353::AID-ART1780190708>3.0.CO;2-Q","volume":"19","author":"EB Hamilton","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hamilton, E. B. Diseases associated with CPPD deposition disease. Arthritis Rheum. 19 (Suppl. 3), 353\u2013357 (1976).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37289","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M504260200","volume":"280","author":"L Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang, L. et al. Phosphodiesterase activity of alkaline phosphatase in ATP-initiated Ca2+ and phosphate deposition in isolated chicken matrix vesicles. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 37289\u201337296 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.1.312-323.2005","volume":"25","author":"W Wang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wang, W., Xu, J., Du, B. & Kirsch, T. Role of the progressive ankylosis gene (Ank) in cartilage mineralization. Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 312\u2013323 (2005).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR79","first-page":"1275","volume":"40","author":"F Rosen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rosen, F. et al. Differential effects of aging on human chondrocyte responses to transforming growth factor \u03b2: increased pyrophosphate production and decreased cell proliferation. Arthritis Rheum. 40, 1275\u20131281 (1997).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780271212","volume":"27","author":"FT Hakim","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hakim, F. T. et al. Hereditary joint disorder in progressive ankylosis (Ank\/Ank) mice. I. Association of calcium hydroxyapatite deposition with inflammatory arthropathy. Arthritis Rheum. 27, 1411\u20131420 (1984).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2004.01.011","volume":"71","author":"P Netter","year":"2004","unstructured":"Netter, P., Bardin, T., Bianchi, A., Richette, P. & Loeuille, D. The ANKH gene and familial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease. Joint Bone Spine 71, 365\u2013368 (2004).","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2809","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23762","volume":"58","author":"B Jubeck","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jubeck, B. et al. Promotion of articular cartilage matrix vesicle mineralization by type I collagen. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 2809\u20132817 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000160783.14798.10","volume":"17","author":"S Kalya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kalya, S. & Rosenthal, A. K. Extracellular matrix changes regulate calcium crystal formation in articular cartilage. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 17, 325\u2013329 (2005).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780280122","volume":"28","author":"K Ishikawa","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ishikawa, K. Chondrocytes that accumulate proteoglycans and inorganic pyrophosphate in the pathogenesis of chondrocalcinosis. Arthritis Rheum. 28, 118\u2013120 (1985).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2000.0423","volume":"9","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K., Masuda, I., Gohr, C. M., Derfus, B. A. & Le, M. The transglutaminase, Factor XIIIA, is present in articular chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 9, 578\u2013581 (2001).","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3257","DOI":"10.2741\/1477","volume":"9","author":"D Heinkel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Heinkel, D., Gohr, C. M., Uzuki, M. & Rosenthal, A. K. Transglutaminase contributes to CPPD crystal formation in osteoarthritis. Front. Biosci. 9, 3257\u20133261 (2004).","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200008)43:8<1729::AID-ANR8>3.0.CO;2-0","volume":"43","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K., Gohr, C. M., Henry, L. A. & Le, M. Participation of transglutaminase in the activation of latent transforming growth factor beta1 in aging articular cartilage. Arthritis Rheum. 43, 1729\u20131733 (2000).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR88","first-page":"395","volume":"26","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K. & Henry, L. A. Thyroid hormones induce features of the hypertrophic phenotype and stimulate correlates of CPPD crystal formation in articular chondrocytes. J. Rheumatol. 26, 395\u2013401 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199102000-00034","volume":"263","author":"I Masuda","year":"1991","unstructured":"Masuda, I., Ishikawa, K. & Usuku, G. A histologic and immunohistochemical study of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 263, 272\u2013287 (1991).","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.015354","volume":"63","author":"P Pasquetti","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pasquetti, P. et al. Joint lavage and pseudogout. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 63, 1529\u20131530 (2004).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-007-0039-5","volume":"9","author":"F Liote","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liote, F. & Ea, H. K. Recent developments in crystal-induced inflammation pathogenesis and management. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 9, 243\u2013250 (2007).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04516","volume":"440","author":"F Martinon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martinon, F., Petrilli, V., Mayor, A., Tardivel, A. & Tschopp, J. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature 440, 237\u2013241 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-009-0073-z","volume":"59","author":"T Higo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Higo, T., Duronio, V., Tudan, C., Burt, H. M. & Jackson, J. K. Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal-induced inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis: involvement of Bcl-2 family members. Inflamm. Res. 59, 71\u201381 (2010).","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2004.12.010","volume":"72","author":"R Liu-Bryan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liu-Bryan, R. & Liote, F. Monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals, inflammation, and cellular signaling. Joint Bone Spine 72, 295\u2013302 (2005).","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5798","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.10.5798","volume":"165","author":"C Tudan","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tudan, C., Jackson, J. K., Blanis, L., Pelech, S. L. & Burt, H. M. Inhibition of TNF-\u03b1-induced neutrophil apoptosis by crystals of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate is mediated by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/Akt pathways up-stream of caspase 3. J. Immunol. 165, 5798\u20135806 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2009.04.022","volume":"17","author":"YZ Liu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liu, Y. Z., Jackson, A. P. & Cosgrove, S. D. Contribution of calcium-containing crystals to cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 17, 1333\u20131340 (2009).","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380208","volume":"38","author":"AG Fam","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fam, A. G. et al. Acceleration of experimental lapine osteoarthritis by calcium pyrophosphate microcrystalline synovitis. Arthritis Rheum. 38, 201\u2013210 (1995).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.035386","volume":"64","author":"A Martinez Sanchis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martinez Sanchis, A. & Pascual, E. Intracellular and extracellular CPPD crystals are a regular feature in synovial fluid from uninflamed joints of patients with CPPD related arthropathy. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 64, 1769\u20131772 (2005).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780180723","volume":"18","author":"HR Schumacher","year":"1975","unstructured":"Schumacher, H. R., Fishbein, P., Phelps, P., Tse, R. & Krauser, R. Comparison of sodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate crystal phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Effects of crystal size and other factors. Arthritis Rheum. 18, 783\u2013792 (1975).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.54.10.825","volume":"54","author":"A Swan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Swan, A., Heywood, B., Chapman, B., Seward, H. & Dieppe, P. Evidence for a causal relationship between the structure, size, and load of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals, and attacks of pseudogout. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 54, 825\u2013830 (1995).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR101","unstructured":"NICE clinical guideline 59. Osteoarthritis: the care and management of osteoarthritis in adults (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence London, 2008)."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR102","first-page":"93","volume":"63","author":"P Hilliquin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hilliquin, P., Le Devic, P. & Menkes, C. J. Comparison of the efficacy of nonsurgical synovectomy (synoviorthesis) and joint lavage in knee osteoarthritis with effusions. Rev. Rhum. Engl. Ed. 63, 93\u2013102 (1996).","journal-title":"Rev. Rhum. Engl. Ed."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)91488-4","volume":"2","author":"M Doherty","year":"1981","unstructured":"Doherty, M. & Dieppe, P. A. Effect of intra-articular yttrium-90 on chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy of the knee. Lancet 2, 1243\u20131246 (1981).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.10.912","volume":"38","author":"E Pascual","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pascual, E. Management of crystal arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 38, 912\u2013916 (1999).","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR105","first-page":"1168","volume":"24","author":"DW Roane","year":"1997","unstructured":"Roane, D. W. et al. Prospective use of intramuscular triamcinolone acetonide in pseudogout. J. Rheumatol. 24, 1168\u20131170 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-008-0037-2","volume":"10","author":"N Announ","year":"2008","unstructured":"Announ, N. & Guerne, P. A. Treating difficult crystal pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 10, 228\u2013234 (2008).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230320","volume":"23","author":"MR Tabatabai","year":"1980","unstructured":"Tabatabai, M. R. & Cummings, N. A. Intravenous colchicine in the treatment of acute pseudogout. Arthritis Rheum. 23, 370\u2013374 (1980).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR108","first-page":"804","volume":"13","author":"A Alvarellos","year":"1986","unstructured":"Alvarellos, A. & Spilberg, I. Colchicine prophylaxis in pseudogout. J. Rheumatol. 13, 804\u2013805 (1986).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23119","volume":"58","author":"D McGonagle","year":"2008","unstructured":"McGonagle, D., Tan, A. L., Madden, J., Emery, P. & McDermott, M. F. Successful treatment of resistant pseudogout with anakinra. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 631\u2013633 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108936","volume":"68","author":"R Terkeltaub","year":"2009","unstructured":"Terkeltaub, R. et al. The interleukin 1 inhibitor rilonacept in treatment of chronic gouty arthritis: results of a placebo controlled monosequence crossover, non-randomised, single blind-pilot study. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68, 1613\u20131617 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22389","volume":"56","author":"A Chollet-Janin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chollet-Janin, A., Finckh, A., Dudler, J. & Guerne, P. A. Methotrexate as an alternative therapy for chronic calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: an exploratory analysis. Arthritis Rheum. 56, 688\u2013692 (2007).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23552","volume":"58","author":"THT Doan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Doan, T. H. T., Chevalier, X., Leparc, J. M., Richette, P., Bardin, T. & Forestier, R. French Society for Rheumatology Osteoarthritis Section. Premature enthusiasm for the use of methotrexate for refractory chondrocalcinosis: Comment on the article by Chollet-Janin et al. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 2 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR113","first-page":"327","volume":"23","author":"B Rothschild","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rothschild, B. & Yakubov, L. E. Prospective 6-month, double-blind trial of hydroxychloroquine treatment of CPDD. Compr. Ther. 23, 327\u2013331 (1997).","journal-title":"Compr. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.42.1.2","volume":"42","author":"M Doherty","year":"1983","unstructured":"Doherty, M. & Dieppe, P. Double blind, placebo controlled trial of magnesium carbonate in chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 42, 2 (1983).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02563797","volume":"41","author":"GK Hunter","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hunter, G. K., Grynpas, M. D., Cheng, P. T. & Pritzker, K. P. Effect of glycosaminoglycans on calcium pyrophosphate crystal formation in collagen gels. Calcif. Tissue Int. 41, 164\u2013170 (1987).","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR116","first-page":"896","volume":"21","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K. & Ryan, L. M. Probenecid inhibits transforming growth factor-\u03b21 induced pyrophosphate elaboration by chondrocytes. J. Rheumatol. 21, 896\u2013900 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090098","volume":"36","author":"JV Kannampuzha","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kannampuzha, J. V., Tupy, J. H. & Pritzker, K. P. Mercaptopyruvate inhibits tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal dissolution. J. Rheumatol. 36, 8 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR118","first-page":"677","volume":"23","author":"T Shinozaki","year":"1996","unstructured":"Shinozaki, T. & Pritzker, K. P. Regulation of alkaline phosphatase: implications for calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal dissolution and other alkaline phosphatase functions. J. Rheumatol. 23, 677\u2013683 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-001-0047-9","volume":"3","author":"HS Cheung","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cheung, H. S. Phosphocitrate as a potential therapeutic strategy for crystal deposition disease. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 3, 24\u201328 (2001).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2000.0375","volume":"9","author":"B Derfus","year":"2001","unstructured":"Derfus, B. et al. Transforming growth factor \u03b2-1 stimulates articular chondrocyte elaboration of matrix vesicles capable of greater calcium pyrophosphate precipitation. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 9, 189\u2013194 (2001).","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.5.868","volume":"16","author":"I Masuda","year":"2001","unstructured":"Masuda, I. et al. Variations in site and levels of expression of chondrocyte nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase with aging. J. Bone Miner. Res. 16, 868\u2013875 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/s002239900099","volume":"59","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K. & Henry, L. A. Retinoic acid stimulates pyrophosphate elaboration by cartilage and chondrocytes. Calcif. Tissue Int. 59, 128\u2013133 (1996).","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.121.2.439","volume":"121","author":"S Kojima","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kojima, S., Nara, K. & Rifkin, D. B. Requirement for transglutaminase in the activation of latent transforming growth factor-\u03b2 in bovine endothelial cell. J. Cell Biol. 121, 439\u2013448 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3218","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10632","volume":"46","author":"J Hirose","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hirose, J., Ryan, L. M. & Masuda, I. Up-regulated expression of cartilage intermediate-layer protein and ANK in articular hyaline cartilage from patients with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease. Arthritis Rheum. 46, 3218\u20133229 (2002).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0810","volume":"10","author":"P Sohn","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sohn, P., Crowley, M., Slattery, E. & Serra, R. Developmental and TGF \u03b2 mediated regulation of Ank mRNA expression in cartilage and bone. Osteoarthirtis Cartilage 10, 482\u2013490 (2002).","journal-title":"Osteoarthirtis Cartilage"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400526","volume":"40","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rosenthal, A. K., Derfus, B. A. & Henry, L. A. Transglutaminase activity in aging articular chondrocytes and articular cartilage vesicles. Arthritis Rheum. 40, 966\u2013970 (1997).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S1063-4584(05)80065-2","volume":"2","author":"U Olmez","year":"1994","unstructured":"Olmez, U., Ryan, L. M., Kurup, I. V. & Rosenthal, A. K. Insulin-like growth factor-1 suppresses pyrophosphate elaboration by transforming growth factor \u03b21-stimulated chondrocytes and cartilage. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2, 149\u2013154 (1994).","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R122","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2330","volume":"9","author":"F Cailotto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cailotto, F. et al. Inorganic pyrophosphate generation by transforming growth factor \u03b21 is mainly dependent on ANK induction by Ras\/Raf-1\/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways in chondrocytes. Arthritis Res. Ther. 9, R122 (2007).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112487","volume":"77","author":"LM Ryan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ryan, L. M., Wortmann, R. L., Karas, B., Lynch, M. P. & McCarty, D. J. Pyrophosphohydrolase activity and inorganic pyrophosphate content of cultured human skin fibroblasts. Elevated levels in some patients with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease. J. Clin. Invest. 77, 1689\u20131693 (1986).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1086\/343053","volume":"71","author":"CJ Williams","year":"2002","unstructured":"Williams, C. J. et al. Autosomal dominant familial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease is caused by mutation in the transmembrane protein ANKH. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 71, 985\u2013991 (2002).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780241210","volume":"24","author":"G Lust","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lust, G., Faure, G., Netter, P., Gaucher, A. & Seegmiller, J. E. Evidence of a generalized metabolic defect in patients with hereditary chondrocalcinosis. Increased inorganic pyrophosphate in cultured fibroblasts and lymphoblasts. Arthritis Rheum. 24, 1517\u20131521 (1981).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.081118","volume":"36","author":"J Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang, J., Tsui, H. W., Beier, F. & Tsui, F. W. The CPPDD-associated ANKH M48T mutation interrupts the interaction of ANKH with the sodium\/phosphate cotransporter PiT-1. J. Rheumatol. 36, 1265\u20131272 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum2010182_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312900802010023","volume":"2","author":"J Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang, J., Tsui, H. W., Beier, F., Pritzker, K. P., Inman, R. D. & Tsui, F. W. The ANKH DeltaE490 mutation in calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (CPPDD) affects tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) activities. Open Rheumatol. J. 2, 23\u201330 (2008).","journal-title":"Open Rheumatol. J."}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2010.182.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2010.182","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2010.182.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,4]],"date-time":"2023-06-04T08:05:11Z","timestamp":1685865911000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2010.182"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]]},"references-count":133,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnrrheum2010182"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrrheum.2010.182","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-4790","1759-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-4790","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-4804","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,23]]}}}