{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:00:32Z","timestamp":1791352832519,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]],"date-time":"2015-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433203200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.71","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]],"date-time":"2015-06-02T13:48:15Z","timestamp":1433252895000},"page":"541-551","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Immune cell profiling to guide therapeutic decisions in rheumatic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Joerg","family":"Ermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak A.","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikola C.","family":"Teslovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soumya","family":"Raychaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.14","volume":"9","author":"WH Robinson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Robinson, W. H.  et al. Mechanistic biomarkers for clinical decision making in rheumatic diseases. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 9, 267\u2013276 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.148015","volume":"70","author":"P Emery","year":"2011","unstructured":"Emery, P. & D\u00f6rner, T. Optimising treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: a review of potential biological markers of response. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 70, 2063\u20132070 (2011).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2011.011128","volume":"49","author":"PF Virgo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Virgo, P. F. & Gibbs, G. J. Flow cytometry in clinical pathology. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 49, 17\u201328 (2012).","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000117","volume":"19","author":"MM Kittleson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kittleson, M. M. & Kobashigawa, J. A. Long-term care of the heart transplant recipient. Curr. Opin. Organ Transplant 19, 515\u2013524 (2014).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Organ Transplant"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1114866","volume":"366","author":"R Mirnezami","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mirnezami, R., Nicholson, J. & Darzi, A. Preparing for precision medicine. N. Engl. J. Med. 366, 489\u2013491 (2012).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0000000000000077","volume":"26","author":"A Hollebecque","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hollebecque, A., Massard, C., & Soria, J. C. Implementing precision medicine initiatives in the clinic: a new paradigm in drug development. Curr. Opin. Oncol. 26, 340\u2013346 (2014).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Oncol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1991.tb00578.x","volume":"119","author":"B Sander","year":"1991","unstructured":"Sander, B., Andersson, J. & Andersson, U. Assessment of cytokines by immunofluorescence and the paraformaldehyde-saponin procedure. Immunol. Rev. 119, 65\u201393 (1991).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0202-155","volume":"20","author":"OD Perez","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perez, O. D. & Nolan, G. P. Simultaneous measurement of multiple active kinase states using polychromatic flow cytometry. Nat. Biotechnol. 20, 155\u2013162 (2002).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119873","volume":"100","author":"AD Wells","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wells, A. D., Gudmundsdottir, H. & Turka, L. A. Following the fate of individual T cells throughout activation and clonal expansion. Signals from T cell receptor and CD28 differentially regulate the induction and duration of a proliferative response. J. Clin. Invest. 100, 3173\u20133183 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780301102","volume":"30","author":"PK Gregersen","year":"1987","unstructured":"Gregersen, P. K., Silver, J. & Winchester, R. J. The shared epitope hypothesis. An approach to understanding the molecular genetics of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 30, 1205\u20131213 (1987).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.1076","volume":"44","author":"S Raychaudhuri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Raychaudhuri, S.  et al. Five amino acids in three HLA proteins explain most of the association between MHC and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Nat. Genet. 44, 291\u2013296 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(87)90040-7","volume":"45","author":"C Pitzalis","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pitzalis, C., Kingsley, G., Murphy, J. & Panayi, G. Abnormal distribution of the helper-inducer and suppressor-inducer T-lymphocyte subsets in the rheumatoid joint. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 45, 252\u2013258 (1987).","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR13","first-page":"243","volume":"8","author":"Y Ichikawa","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ichikawa, Y., Shimizu, H., Yoshida, M. & Arimori, S. Activation antigens expressed on T-cells of the peripheral blood in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. 8, 243\u2013249 (1990).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.59.3.190","volume":"59","author":"B Berner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berner, B., Wolf, G., Hummel, K. M., M\u00fcller, G. A. & Reuss-Borst, M. A. Increased expression of CD40 ligand (CD154) on CD4+ T cells as a marker of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 59, 190\u2013195 (2000).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-011-1984-x","volume":"32","author":"Q Niu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Niu, Q., Cai, B., Huang, Z. C., Shi, Y. Y. & Wang, L. L . Disturbed TH17\/TREG balance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. Int. 32, 2731\u20132736 (2012).","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1710-0","volume":"32","author":"W Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang, W.  et al. The TH17\/TREG imbalance and cytokine environment in peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol. Int. 32, 887\u2013893 (2012).","journal-title":"Rheumatol. Int."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-013-0352-0","volume":"15","author":"FA Cooles","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cooles, F. A.  et al. TREG cells in rheumatoid arthritis: an update. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 15, 352 (2013).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34477","volume":"64","author":"M Samson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Samson, M.  et al. Brief report: inhibition of interleukin-6 function corrects TH17\/TREG cell imbalance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 64, 2499\u20132503 (2012).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12017","volume":"171","author":"B Pesce","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pesce, B.  et al. Effect of interleukin-6 receptor blockade on the balance between regulatory T cells and T helper type 17 cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 171, 237\u2013242 (2013).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38246","volume":"66","author":"A Thiolat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thiolat, A.  et al. Interleukin-6 receptor blockade enhances CD39+ regulatory T cell development in rheumatoid arthritis and in experimental arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 66, 273\u2013283 (2014).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6731","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.13.6731","volume":"93","author":"JV Schmidt","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schmidt, J. V., Su, G. H., Reddy, J. K., Simon, M. C. & Bradfield, C. A. Characterization of a murine Ahr null allele: involvement of the Ah receptor in hepatic growth and development. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93, 6731\u20136736 (1996).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R210","DOI":"10.1186\/ar766","volume":"5","author":"A Pawlik","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pawlik, A.  et al. The expansion of CD4+CD28\u2212 T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res. Ther. 5, R210\u2013R213 (2003).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400615","volume":"40","author":"PB Martens","year":"1997","unstructured":"Martens, P. B. Goronzy, J. J., Schaid, D. & Weyand, C. M. Expansion of unusual CD4+ T cells in severe rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 40, 1106\u20131114 (1997).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.091176","volume":"37","author":"M Scarsi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scarsi, M., Ziglioli, T. & Air\u00f2, P. Decreased circulating CD28-negative T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with abatacept are correlated with clinical response. J. Rheumatol. 37, 911\u2013916 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110386","volume":"38","author":"M Scarsi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Scarsi, M., Ziglioli, T. & Air\u00f2, P. Baseline numbers of circulating CD28-negative T cells may predict clinical response to abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Rheumatol. 38, 2105\u20132111 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23902","volume":"58","author":"S Dass","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dass, S.  et al. Highly sensitive B cell analysis predicts response to rituximab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 58, 2993\u20132999 (2008).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R161","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3901","volume":"14","author":"HP Brezinschek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brezinschek, H. P., Rainer, F., Brickmann, K. & Graninger, W. B. B lymphocyte-typing for prediction of clinical response to rituximab. Arthritis Res. Ther. 14, R161 (2012).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3692","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30599","volume":"63","author":"J Sellam","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sellam, J.  et al. Blood memory B cells are disturbed and predict the response to rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 63, 3692\u20133701 (2011).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27359","volume":"62","author":"EM Vital","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vital, E. M.  et al. Management of nonresponse to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis: predictors and outcome of re-treatment. Arthritis Rheum. 62, 1273\u20131279 (2010).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R95","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4543","volume":"16","author":"CI Daien","year":"2014","unstructured":"Daien, C. I.  et al. High levels of memory B cells are associated with response to a first tumor necrosis factor inhibitor in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a longitudinal prospective study. Arthritis Res. Ther. 16, R95 (2014).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vital, E. M., Dass, S., Buch, M. H., Rawstron, A. C. & Emery, P. An extra dose of rituximab improves clinical response in rheumatoid arthritis patients with initial incomplete B cell depletion: a randomised controlled trial. Ann. Rheum. Dis. \n                    http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204544\n                    \n                  .","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204544"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5284.94","volume":"274","author":"JD Altman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Altman, J. D.  et al. Phenotypic analysis of antigen-specific T lymphocytes. Science 274, 94\u201396 (1996).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30445","volume":"63","author":"O Snir","year":"2011","unstructured":"Snir, O.  et al. Identification and functional characterization of T cells reactive to citrullinated vimentin in HLA-DRB1*0401-positive humanized mice and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Rheum. 63, 2873\u20132883 (2011).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131241","volume":"210","author":"SW Scally","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scally, S. W.  et al. A molecular basis for the association of the HLA-DRB1 locus, citrullination, and rheumatoid arthritis. J. Exp. Med. 210, 2569\u20132582 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38637","volume":"66","author":"E James","year":"2014","unstructured":"James, E.  et al. Citrulline specific TH1 cells are increased in rheumatoid arthritis and their frequency is influenced by disease duration and therapy. Arthritis Rheumatol. 66, 1712\u20131722 (2014).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-03-341917","volume":"118","author":"B Franz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Franz, B., May, K. F. Jr, Dranoff, G. & Wucherpfennig, K. Ex vivo characterization and isolation of rare memory B cells with antigen tetramers. Blood 118, 348\u2013357 (2011).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1371","volume":"12","author":"PK Chattopadhyay","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chattopadhyay, P. K.  et al. Quantum dot semiconductor nanocrystals for immunophenotyping by polychromatic flow cytometry. Nat. Med. 12, 972\u2013977 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.02.010","volume":"33","author":"SC Bendall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bendall, S. C., Nolan, G. P., Roederer, M., Chattopadhyay, P. K. A deep profiler's guide to cytometry. Trends Immunol. 33, 323\u2013332 (2012).","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3158","volume":"12","author":"HT Maecker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maecker, H. T., McCoy, J. P. & Nussenblatt, R. Standardizing immunophenotyping for the Human Immunology Project. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 12, 191\u2013200 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2593","volume":"31","author":"EW Newell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Newell, E. W.  et al. Combinatorial tetramer staining and mass cytometry analysis facilitate T-cell epitope mapping and characterization. Nat. Biotechnol. 31, 623\u2013629 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2317","volume":"30","author":"B Bodenmiller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bodenmiller, B.  et al. Multiplexed mass cytometry profiling of cellular states perturbed by small-molecule regulators. Nat. Biotechnol. 30, 858\u2013867 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198704","volume":"332","author":"SC Bendall","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bendall, S. C.  et al. Single-cell mass cytometry of differential immune and drug responses across a human hematopoietic continuum. Science 332, 687\u2013696 (2011).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255ra131","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009701","volume":"6","author":"B Gaudilli\u00e8re","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gaudilli\u00e8re, B.  et al. Clinical recovery from surgery correlates with single-cell immune signatures. Sci. Transl. Med. 6, 255ra131 (2014).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5439.531","volume":"286","author":"TR Golub","year":"1999","unstructured":"Golub, T. R.  et al. Molecular classification of cancer: class discovery and class prediction by gene expression monitoring. Science 286, 531\u2013537 (1999).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1038\/35000501","volume":"403","author":"AA Alizadeh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Alizadeh, A. A.  et al. Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature 403, 503\u2013511 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021553","volume":"197","author":"L Bennett","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bennett, L.  et al. Interferon and granulopoiesis signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus blood. J. Exp. Med. 197, 711\u2013723 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337679100","volume":"100","author":"EC Baechler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Baechler, E. C.  et al. Interferon-inducible gene expression signature in peripheral blood cells of patients with severe lupus. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 2610\u20132615 (2003).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2007.01528.x","volume":"61","author":"J Ermann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ermann, J. & Bermas, B. L. The biology behind the new therapies for SLE. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 61, 2113\u20132119 (2007).","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5459","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002795","volume":"192","author":"MK Crow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Crow, M. K. Type I interferon in the pathogenesis of lupus. J. Immunol. 192, 5459\u20135468 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32835c7e32","volume":"25","author":"L R\u00f6nnblom","year":"2013","unstructured":"R\u00f6nnblom, L. & Eloranta, M. L. The interferon signature in autoimmune diseases. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 25, 248\u2013253 (2013).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2013.48","volume":"14","author":"AN Burska","year":"2014","unstructured":"Burska, A. N.  et al. Gene expression analysis in RA: towards personalized medicine. Pharmacogenomics J. 14, 93\u2013106 (2014).","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27702","volume":"62","author":"RM Thurlings","year":"2010","unstructured":"Thurlings, R. M.  et al. Relationship between the type I interferon signature and the response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Rheum. 62, 3607\u20133614 (2010).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R95","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3819","volume":"14","author":"HG Raterman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Raterman, H. G.  et al. The interferon type I signature towards prediction of non-response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Res. Ther. 14, R95 (2012).","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-7-115","volume":"7","author":"C Palmer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Palmer, C., Diehn, M., Alizadeh, A. A. & Brown, P. O. Cell-type specific gene expression profiles of leukocytes in human peripheral blood. BMC Genomics 7, 115 (2006).","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2130","volume":"16","author":"EF McKinney","year":"2010","unstructured":"McKinney, E. F.  et al. A CD8+ T cell transcription signature predicts prognosis in autoimmune disease. Nat. Med. 16, 586\u2013591 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4170","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59255","volume":"121","author":"JC Lee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee, J. C.  et al. Gene expression profiling of CD8+ T cells predicts prognosis in patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. J. Clin. Invest. 121, 4170\u20134179 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200968","volume":"71","author":"AG Pratt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pratt, A. G.  et al. A CD4 T cell gene signature for early rheumatoid arthritis implicates interleukin 6-mediated STAT3 signalling, particularly in anti-citrullinated peptide antibody-negative disease. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 71, 1374\u20131381 (2012).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1226","volume":"5","author":"A Mortazavi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mortazavi, A., Williams, B. A., McCue, K., Schaeffer, L. & Wold, B. Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq. Nat. Methods 5, 621\u2013628 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2484","volume":"10","author":"Z Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Gerstein, M. & Snyder, M. RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics. Nat. Rev. Genet. 10, 57\u201363 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12873","volume":"506","author":"Y Okada","year":"2014","unstructured":"Okada, Y.  et al. Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis contributes to biology and drug discovery. Nature 506, 376\u2013381 (2014).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1315","volume":"6","author":"F Tang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tang, F.  et al. mRNA-Seq whole-transcriptome analysis of a single cell. Nat. Methods 6, 377\u2013382 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2694","volume":"11","author":"AR Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu, A. R.  et al. Quantitative assessment of single-cell RNA-sequencing methods. Nat. Methods 11, 41\u201346 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13437","volume":"510","author":"AK Shalek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shalek, A. K.  et al. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals dynamic paracrine control of cellular variation. Nature 510, 363\u2013369 (2014).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1385","volume":"26","author":"GK Geiss","year":"2008","unstructured":"Geiss, G. K.  et al. Direct multiplexed measurement of gene expression with color-coded probe pairs. Nat. Biotechnol. 26, 317\u2013325 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kulkarni, M. M. Digital multiplexed gene expression analysis using the NanoString nCounter system. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. \n                    http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/0471142727.mb25b10s94\n                    \n                  .","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142727.mb25b10s94"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.09.007","volume":"31","author":"S Janetzki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Janetzki, S.  et al. \u201cMIATA\u201d-minimal information about T cell assays. Immunity 31, 527\u2013528 (2009).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.07.010","volume":"37","author":"CM Britten","year":"2012","unstructured":"Britten, C. M.  et al. T cell assays and MIATA: the essential minimum for maximum impact. Immunity 37, 1\u20132 (2012).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.6.859","volume":"186","author":"A Lalvani","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lalvani, A.  et al. Rapid effector function in CD8+ memory T cells. J. Exp. Med. 186, 859\u2013865 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200402-179OC","volume":"170","author":"T Mori","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mori, T.  et al. Specific detection of tuberculosis infection: an interferon-\u03b3-based assay using new antigens. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 170, 59\u201364 (2004).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.03.002","volume":"40","author":"D Duffy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Duffy, D.  et al. Functional analysis via standardized whole-blood stimulation systems defines the boundaries of a healthy immune response to complex stimuli. Immunity 40, 436\u2013450 (2014).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR71","first-page":"98","volume":"3","author":"W Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen, W.  et al. Emerging microfluidic tools for functional cellular immunophenotyping: a new potential paradigm for immune status characterization. Front. Oncol. 3, 98 (2013).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(00)00212-8","volume":"11","author":"RB Altman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Altman, R. B. & Raychaudhuri, S. Whole-genome expression analysis: challenges beyond clustering. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 11, 340\u2013347 (2001).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/4.2.249","volume":"4","author":"RA Irizarry","year":"2003","unstructured":"Irizarry, R. A.  et al. Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data. Biostatistics 4, 249\u2013264 (2003).","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1180","volume":"34","author":"VK Mootha","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mootha, V. K.  et al. PGC-1\u03b1-responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately downregulated in human diabetes. Nat. Genet. 34, 267\u2013273 (2003).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14863","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.25.14863","volume":"95","author":"MB Eisen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Eisen, M. B., Spellman, P. T., Brown P. O. & Botstein, D. Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 14863\u201314868 (1998).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR76","first-page":"455","volume":"2000","author":"S Raychaudhuri","year":"2000","unstructured":"Raychaudhuri, S., Stuart J. M. & Altman. R. B. Principal components analysis to summarize microarray experiments: application to sporulation time series. Pac. Symp. Biocomput. 2000, 455\u2013466 (2000).","journal-title":"Pac. Symp. Biocomput."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R25","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2009-10-3-r25","volume":"10","author":"B Langmead","year":"2009","unstructured":"Langmead, B., Trapnell, C., Pop, M. & Salzberg, S. L. Ultrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome. Genome Biol. 10, R25 (2009).","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1621","volume":"28","author":"C Trapnell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Trapnell, C.  et al. Transcript assembly and quantification by RNA-Seq reveals unannotated transcripts and isoform switching during cell differentiation. Nat. Biotechnol. 28, 511\u2013515 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3015","volume":"32","author":"A Kratz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kratz, A. & Carninci, P. The devil in the details of RNA-seq. Nat. Biotechnol. 32, 882\u2013884 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903028106","volume":"106","author":"S Pyne","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pyne, S.  et al. Automated high-dimensional flow cytometric data analysis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 8519\u20138524 (2009).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19030","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318322110","volume":"110","author":"X Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hu, X.  et al. Application of user-guided automated cytometric data analysis to large-scale immunoprofiling of invariant natural killer T cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, 19030\u201319035 (2013).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2365","volume":"10","author":"N Aghaeepour","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aghaeepour, N.  et al. Critical assessment of automated flow cytometry data analysis techniques. Nat. Methods 10, 228\u2013238 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1991","volume":"29","author":"P Qiu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Qiu, P.  et al. Extracting a cellular hierarchy from high-dimensional cytometry data with SPADE. Nat. Biotechnol. 29, 886\u2013891 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2594","volume":"31","author":"ED Amir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Amir, E. D.  et al. viSNE enables visualization of high dimensional single-cell data and reveals phenotypic heterogeneity of leukemia. Nat. Biotechnol. 31, 545\u2013552 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1321405111","volume":"111","author":"K Shekhar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shekhar, K., Brodin, P., Davis, M. M. & Chakraborty, A. K. Automatic Classification of Cellular Expression by Nonlinear Stochastic Embedding (ACCENSE). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 202\u2013207 (2014).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22271","volume":"83","author":"R Finck","year":"2013","unstructured":"Finck, R.  et al. Normalization of mass cytometry data with bead standards. Cytometry A 83, 483\u2013494 (2013).","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2770","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1408792111","volume":"111","author":"RV Bruggner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bruggner, R. V., Bodenmiller, B., Dill, D. L., Tibshirani, R. J. & Nolan, G. P. Automated identification of stratifying signatures in cellular subpopulations. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, E2770\u2013E2777 (2014).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2654","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051424","volume":"353","author":"F Pag\u00e8s","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pag\u00e8s, F.  et al. Effector memory T cells, early metastasis, and survival in colorectal cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 353, 2654\u20132666 (2005).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1129139","volume":"313","author":"J Galon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Galon, J.  et al. Type, density, and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome. Science 313, 1960\u20131964 (2006).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4287","volume":"232","author":"J Galon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Galon, J.  et al. Towards the introduction of the 'Immunoscore' in the classification of malignant tumours. J. Pathol. 232, 199\u2013209 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20602","volume":"73","author":"L Nomura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nomura, L., Maino, V. C. & Maecker, H. T. Standardization and optimization of multiparameter intracellular cytokine staining. Cytometry A 73, 984\u2013991 (2008).","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103638","volume":"189","author":"PP Singh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Singh, P. P., Smith, V. L., Karakousis, P. C. & Schorey, J. S. Exosomes isolated from mycobacteria-infected mice or cultured macrophages can recruit and activate immune cells in vitro and in vivo. J. Immunol. 189, 777\u2013785 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3260","volume":"19","author":"G Schett","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schett, G., Elewaut, D., McInnes, I. B., Dayer, J. M. & Neurath, M. F. How cytokine networks fuel inflammation: toward a cytokine-based disease taxonomy. Nat. Med. 19, 822\u2013824 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1126\/science.166.3906.747","volume":"166","author":"HR Hulett","year":"1969","unstructured":"Hulett, H. R., Bonner, W. A., Barrett, J. & Herzenberg, L. A. Cell sorting: automated separation of mammalian cells as a function of intracellular fluorescence. Science 166, 747\u2013749 (1969).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(77)90266-5","volume":"12","author":"AF Williams","year":"1977","unstructured":"Williams, A. F. Galfr\u00e8, G. & Milstein, C. Analysis of cell surfaces by xenogeneic myeloma-hybrid antibodies: differentiation antigens of rat lymphocytes. Cell 12, 663\u2013673 (1977).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990050210","volume":"5","author":"DR Parks","year":"1984","unstructured":"Parks, D. R., Hardy, R. R. & Herzenberg, L. A. Three-color immunofluorescence analysis of mouse B-lymphocyte subpopulations. Cytometry 5, 159\u2013168 (1984).","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.990210211","volume":"21","author":"M Roederer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Roederer, M.  et al. Heterogeneous calcium flux in peripheral T cell subsets revealed by five-color flow cytometry using log-ratio circuitry. Cytometry 21, 187\u2013196 (1995).","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/84701","volume":"7","author":"SC De Rosa","year":"2001","unstructured":"De Rosa, S. C., Herzenberg, L. A., Herzenberg, L. A. & Roederer, M. 11-color, 13-parameter flow cytometry: identification of human naive T cells by phenotype, function, and T-cell receptor diversity. Nat. Med. 7, 245\u2013248 (2001).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1126\/science.239.4839.487","volume":"239","author":"RK Saiki","year":"1988","unstructured":"Saiki, R. K.  et al. Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239, 487\u2013491 (1988).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5235.467","volume":"270","author":"M Schena","year":"1995","unstructured":"Schena, M., Shalon, D., Davis, R. W. & Brown, P. O. Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray. Science 270, 467\u2013470 (1995).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6.10.986","volume":"6","author":"CA Heid","year":"1996","unstructured":"Heid, C. A., Stevens, J., Livak, K. J. & Williams, P. M. Real time quantitative PCR. Genome Res. 6, 986\u2013994 (1996).","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38273","volume":"66","author":"MJ de Hair","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Hair, M. J.  et al. Features of the synovium of individuals at risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis: implications for understanding preclinical rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 66, 513\u2013522 (2014).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32835fd8eb","volume":"25","author":"C Pitzalis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pitzalis, C., Kelly, S. & Humby, F. New learnings on the pathophysiology of RA from synovial biopsies. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 25, 334\u2013344 (2013).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12110","volume":"497","author":"J Zhu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhu, J.  et al. Immune surveillance by CD8\u03b1\u03b1+ skin-resident T cells in human herpes virus infection. Nature 497, 494\u2013497 (2013).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219ra8","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3007828","volume":"6","author":"C Schlapbach","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schlapbach, C.  et al. Human TH9 cells are skin-tropic and have autocrine and paracrine proinflammatory capacity. Sci. Transl. Med. 6, 219ra8 (2014).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2817","volume":"18","author":"JP Sherlock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sherlock, J. P.  et al. IL-23 induces spondyloarthropathy by acting on ROR-\u03b3t+ CD3+CD4\u2212CD8\u2212 entheseal resident T cells. Nat. Med. 18, 1069\u20131076 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2013.03.006","volume":"27","author":"DM Gerlag","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gerlag, D. M. & Tak, P. P. How to perform and analyse synovial biopsies. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol. 27, 195\u2013207 (2013).","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"BFnrrheum201571_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204603","volume":"74","author":"S Kelly","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kelly, S.  et al. Ultrasound-guided synovial biopsy: a safe, well-tolerated and reliable technique for obtaining high-quality synovial tissue from both large and small joints in early arthritis patients. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 74, 611\u2013617 (2015).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2015.71.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2015.71","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2015.71.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T04:38:07Z","timestamp":1684471087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrrheum.2015.71"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]]},"references-count":108,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnrrheum201571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.71","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-4790","1759-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-4790","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-4804","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 June 2015","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}