{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T12:08:57Z","timestamp":1770293337098,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,6]],"date-time":"2012-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1924,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective:<\/jats:italic> Leptin, secreted from adipose tissue, regulates food intake, energy expenditure, and immune function. It is unknown whether leptin predicts mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 on hemodialysis therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Research Methods and Procedures:<\/jats:italic> We performed a prospective cohort study of 71 patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 in an outpatient hemodialysis center. Subjects were recruited in June 1998 and followed for 83 months. Survival was compared by the Kaplan\u2010Meier method.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> After 83 months of follow\u2010up, 48 patients (68%) had died. Serum leptin concentrations at study entry were lower among all deceased patients compared with those patients who survived (5.2 \u00b1 9.0 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 48; vs. 7.7 \u00b1 7.8 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 23; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005). Baseline serum leptin concentrations were significantly lower in patients who died from cardiovascular diseases (4.7 \u00b1 9.4 \u03bcg\/L, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 32) or infections (4.0 \u00b1 2.7 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 10; each <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), but not cancer (9.4 \u00b1 7.9 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6), than in survivors (7.7 \u00b1 7.8 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 23; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003). The relative risk for mortality in patients with serum leptin concentrations below the median (&lt;2.6 \u03bcg\/L) compared with patients above the median was 1.96 (95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 3.79; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.04). Survival was shorter in patients with leptin concentrations below the median compared with those whose leptin concentrations were above the median (all\u2010cause mortality, \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 5.05; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Discussion:<\/jats:italic> Low serum leptin concentration is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 on hemodialysis therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,17]],"date-time":"2008-07-17T17:03:11Z","timestamp":1216314191000},"page":"1617-1622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Low Serum Leptin Predicts Mortality in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Scholze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Rattensperger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Zidek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Tepel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02456-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000043140.23422.4F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000091585.45723.9E"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(98)70145-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)06348-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14747-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602013340503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1195-1155"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-6-200503150-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.18.6.928"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc5001.101061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.82.3.847"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70313-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2005.02207.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V891423","article-title":"Serum immunoreactive leptin concentration and its relation to the body fat content in chronic renal failure","volume":"8","author":"Heimburger O.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2004.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1171303","article-title":"Increases in serum leptin levels during peritoneal dialysis are associated with inflammation and a decrease in lean body mass","volume":"11","author":"Stenvinkel P.","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V961080","article-title":"Leptin, body composition, and indices of malnutrition in patients on dialysis","volume":"9","author":"Johansen K. 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