{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T19:39:48Z","timestamp":1772134788205,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,10]],"date-time":"2012-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":193,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The possible effects on body weight of chewing gum on a regular schedule have not been tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). We conducted an 8\u2010week RCT in 201 overweight and obese adults to test the hypothesis that receiving printed material on good nutrition and chewing gum for a minimum of 90 min\/day (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 102) would lead to greater weight loss than receiving printed nutrition information only (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 99). Changes in BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure were secondary outcomes. Adherence to the gum\u2010chewing protocol in the intervention group was &gt;95%. In the intention\u2010to\u2010treat analysis, there were virtually no changes in weight or BMI in either group between baseline and the end of the intervention at 8 weeks. Waist circumference decreased significantly in the intervention group between baseline and 8 weeks (mean \u00b1 SD change = \u22121.4 \u00b1 5.3 cm;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0128); however, there was no significant difference in change in waist circumference comparing the groups. Similarly, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the intervention group between baseline and 8 weeks (\u22123.0 \u00b1 9.9 mm Hg;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0032 and \u22123.2 \u00b1 7.3 mm Hg;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.0001, respectively); however, there were no significant differences in the changes in systolic or diastolic blood pressure between the groups. Analyses including completers only produced essentially the same results. We conclude that chewing gum on a regular schedule for 8 weeks did not facilitate weight loss in these overweight and obese adults.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,10]],"date-time":"2011-11-10T08:31:14Z","timestamp":1320913874000},"page":"547-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Randomized Controlled Trial of Chewing Gum for Weight Loss"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"James M.","family":"Shikany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy S.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raymond O.","family":"McCubrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. Mark","family":"Beasley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Allison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2006.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912303412718"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700048017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","volume-title":"Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781439821862"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","author":"Buuren S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Flexible Multivariate Imputation by MICE. Leiden: TNO Preventie en Gezondheid; TNO report PG\/VGZ\/99.054;"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2006.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990902959283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2009.02.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2009.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.28"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.284"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(90)90126-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-3010.2006.00564.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(99)00074-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2009.00637.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2009.01937.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"An evaluation of self\u2010help treatment programs for weight loss","volume":"3","author":"Meyers AW","year":"1980","journal-title":"Behav Therapist"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2008.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20061750","article-title":"Effects of increasing increments of fat\u2010 and sugar\u2010rich snacks in the diet on energy and macronutrient intake in lean and overweight men","volume":"96","author":"Mazlan N.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"}],"container-title":["Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1038%2Foby.2011.336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1038%2Foby.2011.336","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1038\/oby.2011.336","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,14]],"date-time":"2024-04-14T12:19:13Z","timestamp":1713097153000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1038\/oby.2011.336"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1038\/oby.2011.336"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/oby.2011.336","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.13653962.15067064","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1930-7381","1930-739X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1930-7381","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-739X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-09-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}