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This study examined the relationships between elevated BMI (\u226585th and \u226595th percentiles for age and sex) and the highest quintile of waist circumference (WC) with CVD risk factors, including fasting triglyceride (TGL), high\u2010 and low\u2010density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL), total cholesterol (TC), non\u2010HDL cholesterol, and C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) in 3,644 3\u2010 to 6\u2010year\u2010old children included in the 1999\u20132008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). Results showed that 20% (highest quintile) of the sample had a TC &gt;170 mg\/dl, LDL &gt;109 mg\/dl, TGL &gt;103 mg\/dl, non\u2010HDL &gt;128 mg\/dl, CRP &gt;0.13 mg\/dl, WC &gt;57.2 cm, and HDL &lt;42 mg\/dl. Increased BMI and WC were associated with increased CRP levels in non\u2010Hispanic black boys and girls, Hispanic boys, and non\u2010Hispanic white girls, whereas elevated TGL and non\u2010HDL cholesterol and low HDL cholesterol were generally associated with elevated BMI and WC in Hispanic children. TC and LDL cholesterol were not significantly associated with elevated weight in 3\u2010 to 6\u2010year\u2010olds. BMI and WC were similar in predicting the same risk factors. In summary, this analysis shows that in preschool\u2010age children, greater BMI and WC are associated with biomarkers that are related to CVD risk, but these associations vary by ethnicity. Child health providers should consider using both BMI and WC to identify young children who may be at risk for elevated CVD biomarkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,8]],"date-time":"2011-12-08T14:10:08Z","timestamp":1323353408000},"page":"1942-1949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["BMI, Waist Circumference, and Selected Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Preschool\u2010Age Children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Messiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristopher L.","family":"Arheart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruby A.","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WayWay M.","family":"Hlaing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven E.","family":"Lipshultz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracie L.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","author":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2000","journal-title":"Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2801"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2007.Obesity among adults in the United States\u2014no statistically significant change since 2003\u20132004. <http:www.cdc.govnchspressroom07newsreleasesobesity.htm>. 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