{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T13:28:17Z","timestamp":1762176497484},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,10]],"date-time":"2012-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":437,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Roux\u2010en\u2010Y\u2010Gastric\u2010Bypass (RYGB) reduces overall and diabetes\u2010specific mortality by 40% and over 90%. This study aims to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms of this effect. We evaluated time\u2010courses of glucose, insulin, C\u2010peptide, and the incretin glucagon like peptide\u20101 (GLP\u20101) following an oral glucose load. Insulin\u2010sensitivity was measured by a hyperinsulinemic\u2010isoglycemic\u2010clamp\u2010test; glucose\u2010turnover was determined using <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010[6,6\u2010<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>] glucose. Examinations were performed in six nondiabetic patients with excess weight before (PRE: BMI: 49.3 \u00b1 3.2 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and 7 months after RYGB (POST: BMI: 36.7 \u00b1 2.9 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), in a lean (CON: BMI: 22.6 \u00b1 0.6 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and an obese control group (CONob) without history of gastrointestinal surgery (BMI: 34.7 \u00b1 1.2 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). RYGB reduced fasting plasma concentrations of insulin and C\u2010peptide (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01, respectively) whereas fasting glucose concentrations remained unchanged. After RYGB increase of C\u2010peptide concentration following glucose ingestion was significantly higher compared to all other groups (dynamic\u2010area under the curve (Dyn\u2010AUC): 0\u201390 min: POST: 984 \u00b1 115 ng\u00b7min\/ml, PRE: 590 \u00b1 67 ng\u00b7min\/ml, CONob: 440 \u00b1 44 ng\u00b7min\/ml, CON: 279 \u00b1 22 ng\u00b7min\/ml, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 respectively). Early postprandial increase of glucose concentration was however not affected. GLP\u20101 concentrations following glucose ingestion were sixfold higher after RYBG than before (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). Insulin\u2010stimulated glucose uptake tended to increase postoperatively (M\u2010value: PRE: 1.8 \u00b1 0.5, POST: 3.0 \u00b1 0.3, not significant (n.s.)). Endogenous glucose production (EGP) was unaffected by RYGB. Hepatic insulin resistance index improved after RYGB and was then comparable to both control groups (PRE: 29.2 \u00b1 4.3, POST: 12.6 \u00b1 1.1, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). RYGB results in hyper\u2010secretion of insulin and C\u2010peptide, whereas improvements of insulin resistance are minor and seem to occur rather in the liver and the adipose tissue than in the skeletal muscle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.92","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,14]],"date-time":"2011-04-14T12:23:22Z","timestamp":1302783802000},"page":"1420-1426","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effects of Gastric Bypass Surgery on Insulin Resistance and Insulin Secretion in Nondiabetic Obese 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