{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T20:56:44Z","timestamp":1789937804594,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,5]],"date-time":"2016-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473033600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oncogene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,5]],"date-time":"2016-09-05T10:18:55Z","timestamp":1473070735000},"page":"1404-1416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["DLX1 acts as a crucial target of FOXM1 to promote ovarian cancer aggressiveness by enhancing TGF-\u03b2\/SMAD4 signaling"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"D W","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W W Y","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J J","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M M H","family":"Yung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L M N","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R R","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T H Y","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K K L","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K-M","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B K","family":"Tsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H Y S","family":"Ngan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2223-c2","volume":"8","author":"SS Myatt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Myatt SS, Lam EW . Targeting FOXM1. Nat Rev Cancer 2008; 8: 242.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.09034","volume":"38","author":"RH Costa","year":"2003","unstructured":"Costa RH, Kalinichenko VV, Holterman AX, Wang X . Transcription factors in liver development, differentiation, and regeneration. Hepatology 2003; 38: 1331\u20131347.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22278","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M500936200","volume":"280","author":"IM Kim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kim IM, Ramakrishna S, Gusarova GA, Yoder HM, Costa RH, Kalinichenko VV . The forkhead box m1 transcription factor is essential for embryonic development of pulmonary vasculature. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 22278\u201322286.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR4","first-page":"92","volume":"1775","author":"J Laoukili","year":"2007","unstructured":"Laoukili J, Stahl M, Medema RH . FoxM1: at the crossroads of ageing and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007; 1775: 92\u2013102.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2355","volume":"215","author":"DW Chan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chan DW, Yu SY, Chiu PM, Yao KM, Liu VW, Cheung AN et al. Over-expression of FOXM1 transcription factor is associated with cervical cancer progression and pathogenesis. J Pathol 2008; 215: 245\u2013252.","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-12-134","volume":"12","author":"N Wen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wen N, Wang Y, Wen L, Zhao SH, Ai ZH, Wang Y et al. Overexpression of FOXM1 predicts poor prognosis and promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in epithelial ovarian cancer. J Transl Med 2014; 12: 134.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0b013e31823bcef2","volume":"41","author":"JT Xia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xia JT, Wang H, Liang LJ, Peng BG, Wu ZF, Chen LZ et al. Overexpression of FOXM1 is associated with poor prognosis and clinicopathologic stage of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 2012; 41: 629\u2013635.","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2530","volume":"218","author":"J Zeng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zeng J, Wang L, Li Q, Li W, Bjorkholm M, Jia J et al. FoxM1 is up-regulated in gastric cancer and its inhibition leads to cellular senescence, partially dependent on p27 kip1. J Pathol 2009; 218: 419\u2013427.","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10166","volume":"474","author":"Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Integrated genomic analyses of ovarian carcinoma. Nature 2011; 474: 609\u2013615.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.23150","volume":"112","author":"B Bao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bao B, Wang Z, Ali S, Kong D, Banerjee S, Ahmad A et al. Over-expression of FoxM1 leads to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell phenotype in pancreatic cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112: 2296\u20132306.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-3102","volume":"72","author":"C Huang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Huang C, Qiu Z, Wang L, Peng Z, Jia Z, Logsdon CD et al. A novel FoxM1-caveolin signaling pathway promotes pancreatic cancer invasion and metastasis. Cancer Res 2012; 72: 655\u2013665.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4329","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-0640","volume":"71","author":"P Raychaudhuri","year":"2011","unstructured":"Raychaudhuri P, Park HJ . FoxM1: a master regulator of tumor metastasis. Cancer Res 2011; 71: 4329\u20134333.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23790","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023790","volume":"6","author":"GT Lok","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lok GT, Chan DW, Liu VW, Hui WW, Leung TH, Yao KM et al. Aberrant activation of ERK\/FOXM1 signaling cascade triggers the cell migration\/invasion in ovarian cancer cells. PloS One 2011; 6: e23790.","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR14","first-page":"619","volume":"44","author":"GR Merlo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Merlo GR, Zerega B, Paleari L, Trombino S, Mantero S, Levi G . Multiple functions of Dlx genes. Int J Dev Biol 2000; 44: 619\u2013626.","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-10-649","volume":"10","author":"M Morini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morini M, Astigiano S, Gitton Y, Emionite L, Mirisola V, Levi G et al. Mutually exclusive expression of DLX2 and DLX5\/6 is associated with the metastatic potential of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. BMC Cancer 2010; 10: 649.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.061025","volume":"170","author":"F Hara","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hara F, Samuel S, Liu J, Rosen D, Langley RR, Naora H . A homeobox gene related to Drosophila distal-less promotes ovarian tumorigenicity by inducing expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2. Am J Pathol 2007; 170: 1594\u20131606.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2718","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2011.4","volume":"30","author":"BQ Trinh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Trinh BQ, Barengo N, Naora H . Homeodomain protein DLX4 counteracts key transcriptional control mechanisms of the TGF-beta cytostatic program and blocks the antiproliferative effect of TGF-beta. Oncogene 2011; 30: 2718\u20132729.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9197","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-1568","volume":"70","author":"Y Tan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tan Y, Cheung M, Pei J, Menges CW, Godwin AK, Testa JR . Upregulation of DLX5 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation by enhancing IRS-2-AKT signaling. Cancer Res 2010; 70: 9197\u20139206.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2010.031179","volume":"96","author":"J Starkova","year":"2011","unstructured":"Starkova J, Gadgil S, Qiu YH, Zhang N, Hermanova I, Kornblau SM et al. Up-regulation of homeodomain genes, DLX1 and DLX2, by FLT3 signaling. Haematologica 2011; 96: 820\u2013828.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s11689-009-9035-6","volume":"2","author":"M Maira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Maira M, Long JE, Lee AY, Rubenstein JL, Stifani S . Role for TGF-beta superfamily signaling in telencephalic GABAergic neuron development. J Neurodev Disord 2010; 2: 48\u201360.","journal-title":"J Neurodev Disord"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00149-5","volume":"28","author":"SJ Pleasure","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pleasure SJ, Anderson S, Hevner R, Bagri A, Marin O, Lowenstein DH et al. Cell migration from the ganglionic eminences is required for the development of hippocampal GABAergic interneurons. Neuron 2000; 28: 727\u2013740.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20384","volume":"205","author":"M Cantile","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cantile M, Kisslinger A, Cindolo L, Schiavo G, D'Anto V, Franco R et al. cAMP induced modifications of HOX D gene expression in prostate cells allow the identification of a chromosomal area involved in vivo with neuroendocrine differentiation of human advanced prostate cancers. J Cell Physiol 2005; 205: 202\u2013210.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq540","volume":"26","author":"MJ Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li MJ, Sham PC, Wang J . FastPval: a fast and memory efficient program to calculate very low P-values from empirical distribution. Bioinformatics 2010; 26: 2897\u20132899.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR24","first-page":"11","volume":"3","author":"AK Lam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lam AK, Ngan AW, Leung MH, Kwok DC, Liu VW, Chan DW et al. FOXM1b, which is present at elevated levels in cancer cells, has a greater transforming potential than FOXM1c. Front Oncol 2013; 3: 11.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2008.10.003","volume":"40","author":"GB Potter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Potter GB, Petryniak MA, Shevchenko E, McKinsey GL, Ekker M, Rubenstein JL . Generation of Cre-transgenic mice using Dlx1\/Dlx2 enhancers and their characterization in GABAergic interneurons. Mol Cell Neurosci 2009; 40: 167\u2013186.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1499","volume":"8","author":"I Cobos","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cobos I, Calcagnotto ME, Vilaythong AJ, Thwin MT, Noebels JL, Baraban SC et al. Mice lacking Dlx1 show subtype-specific loss of interneurons, reduced inhibition and epilepsy. Nat Neurosci 2005; 8: 1059\u20131068.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.05.024","volume":"54","author":"I Cobos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cobos I, Borello U, Rubenstein JL . Dlx transcription factors promote migration through repression of axon and dendrite growth. Neuron 2007; 54: 873\u2013888.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19071","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M607486200","volume":"282","author":"TN Le","year":"2007","unstructured":"Le TN, Du G, Fonseca M, Zhou QP, Wigle JT, Eisenstat DD . Dlx homeobox genes promote cortical interneuron migration from the basal forebrain by direct repression of the semaphorin receptor neuropilin-2. J Biol Chem 2007; 282: 19071\u201319081.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011888126865","volume":"18","author":"SW Lin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lin SW, Lee MT, Ke FC, Lee PP, Huang CJ, Ip MM et al. TGFbeta1 stimulates the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and the invasive behavior in human ovarian cancer cells, which is suppressed by MMP inhibitor BB3103. Clin Exp Metastasis 2000; 18: 493\u2013499.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Metastasis"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2006.11.003","volume":"313","author":"SW Lin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lin SW, Ke FC, Hsiao PW, Lee PP, Lee MT, Hwang JJ . Critical involvement of ILK in TGFbeta1-stimulated invasion\/migration of human ovarian cancer cells is associated with urokinase plasminogen activator system. Exp Cell Res 2007; 313: 602\u2013613.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1159\/000358647","volume":"33","author":"Y Teng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Teng Y, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Chen W, Li X . Id-1, a protein repressed by miR-29b, facilitates the TGFbeta1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human ovarian cancer cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2014; 33: 717\u2013730.","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15577","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2536757100","volume":"100","author":"S Chiba","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chiba S, Takeshita K, Imai Y, Kumano K, Kurokawa M, Masuda S et al. Homeoprotein DLX-1 interacts with Smad4 and blocks a signaling pathway from activin A in hematopoietic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 15577\u201315582.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e811","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.333","volume":"4","author":"N Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang N, Zhao B, Rasul A, Qin H, Li J, Li X . PIAS1-modulated Smad2\/4 complex activation is involved in zinc-induced cancer cell apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4: e811.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3606","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.370","volume":"32","author":"A Sundqvist","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sundqvist A, Zieba A, Vasilaki E, Herrera Hidalgo C, Soderberg O, Koinuma D et al. Specific interactions between Smad proteins and AP-1 components determine TGFbeta-induced breast cancer cell invasion. Oncogene 2013; 32: 3606\u20133615.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33971","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M607010200","volume":"281","author":"SR Shiou","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shiou SR, Datta PK, Dhawan P, Law BK, Yingling JM, Dixon DA et al. Smad4-dependent regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator secretion and RNA stability associated with invasiveness by autocrine and paracrine transforming growth factor-beta. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 33971\u201333981.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407173-5.00004-2","volume":"118","author":"I Wierstra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wierstra I . The transcription factor FOXM1 (Forkhead box M1): proliferation-specific expression, transcription factor function, target genes, mouse models, and normal biological roles. Adv Cancer Res 2013; 118: 97\u2013398.","journal-title":"Adv Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2011.09.004","volume":"1819","author":"CY Koo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koo CY, Muir KW, Lam EW . FOXM1: From cancer initiation to progression and treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1819: 28\u201337.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6212","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210443","volume":"26","author":"B Dai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dai B, Kang SH, Gong W, Liu M, Aldape KD, Sawaya R et al. Aberrant FoxM1B expression increases matrix metalloproteinase-2 transcription and enhances the invasion of glioma cells. Oncogene 2007; 26: 6212\u20136219.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI27527","volume":"117","author":"GA Gusarova","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gusarova GA, Wang IC, Major ML, Kalinichenko VV, Ackerson T, Petrovic V et al. A cell-penetrating ARF peptide inhibitor of FoxM1 in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 99\u2013111.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8293","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-07-1265","volume":"67","author":"Z Wang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang Z, Banerjee S, Kong D, Li Y, Sarkar FH . Down-regulation of Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor leads to the inhibition of invasion and angiogenesis of pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 8293\u20138300.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R6","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-1-r6","volume":"14","author":"DA Sanders","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sanders DA, Ross-Innes CS, Beraldi D, Carroll JS, Balasubramanian S . Genome-wide mapping of FOXM1 binding reveals co-binding with estrogen receptor alpha in breast cancer cells. Genome Biol 2013; 14: R6.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4027","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.054916","volume":"122","author":"J Eeckhoute","year":"2009","unstructured":"Eeckhoute J, Metivier R, Salbert G . Defining specificity of transcription factor regulatory activities. J Cell Sci 2009; 122: 4027\u20134034.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1200704","volume":"18","author":"VV Kalinichenko","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kalinichenko VV, Major ML, Wang X, Petrovic V, Kuechle J, Yoder HM et al. Foxm1b transcription factor is essential for development of hepatocellular carcinomas and is negatively regulated by the p19ARF tumor suppressor. Genes Dev 2004; 18: 830\u2013850.","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201000107","volume":"3","author":"HJ Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park HJ, Gusarova G, Wang Z, Carr JR, Li J, Kim KH et al. Deregulation of FoxM1b leads to tumour metastasis. EMBO Mol Med 2011; 3: 21\u201334.","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8733","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-1968","volume":"68","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Zhang N, Dai B, Liu M, Sawaya R, Xie K et al. FoxM1B transcriptionally regulates vascular endothelial growth factor expression and promotes the angiogenesis and growth of glioma cells. Cancer Res 2008; 68: 8733\u20138742.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR46","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"AY Lam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lam AY, Ngan AW, Leung MH, Kwok DC, Liu VW, Chan DW et al. FOXM1b, which is present at elevated levels in cancer cells, has a greater transforming potential than FOXM1c. Front Mol Cell Oncol 2013; 3: 1\u20133.","journal-title":"Front Mol Cell Oncol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21448","volume":"216","author":"F Lezot","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lezot F, Thomas B, Greene SR, Hotton D, Yuan ZA, Castaneda B et al. Physiological implications of DLX homeoproteins in enamel formation. J Cell Physiol 2008; 216: 688\u2013697.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.4458","volume":"8","author":"L Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang L, Yang M, Gan L, He T, Xiao X, Stewart MD et al. DLX4 upregulates TWIST and enhances tumor migration, invasion and metastasis. Int J Biol Sci 2012; 8: 1178\u20131187.","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587193","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/587193","volume":"2015","author":"P Papageorgis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Papageorgis P . TGFbeta signaling in tumor initiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis. J Oncol 2015; 2015: 587193.","journal-title":"J Oncol"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605316","volume":"101","author":"DW Chan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chan DW, Liu VW, To RM, Chiu PM, Lee WY, Yao KM et al. Overexpression of FOXG1 contributes to TGF-beta resistance through inhibition of p21WAF1\/CIP1 expression in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 101: 1433\u20131443.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgq150","volume":"31","author":"ZY Rao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rao ZY, Cai MY, Yang GF, He LR, Mai SJ, Hua WF et al. EZH2 supports ovarian carcinoma cell invasion and\/or metastasis via regulation of TGF-beta1 and is a predictor of outcome in ovarian carcinoma patients. Carcinogenesis 2010; 31: 1576\u20131583.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2012.09.016","volume":"586","author":"J Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li J, Wang Y, Luo J, Fu Z, Ying J, Yu Y et al. miR-134 inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition by targeting FOXM1 in non-small cell lung cancer cells. FEBS Lett 2012; 586: 3761\u20133765.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI71104","volume":"124","author":"J Xue","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xue J, Lin X, Chiu WT, Chen YH, Yu G, Liu M et al. Sustained activation of SMAD3\/SMAD4 by FOXM1 promotes TGF-beta-dependent cancer metastasis. J Clin Invest 2014; 124: 564\u2013579.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3699","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.030338","volume":"136","author":"A Moustakas","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moustakas A, Heldin CH . The regulation of TGFbeta signal transduction. Development 2009; 136: 3699\u20133714.","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407190-2.00016-2","volume":"119","author":"I Wierstra","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wierstra I . FOXM1 (Forkhead box M1) in tumorigenesis: overexpression in human cancer, implication in tumorigenesis, oncogenic functions, tumor-suppressive properties, and target of anticancer therapy. Adv Cancer Res 2013; 119: 191\u2013419.","journal-title":"Adv Cancer Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3091","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.11.3091","volume":"17","author":"S Dennler","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dennler S, Itoh S, Vivien D, ten Dijke P, Huet S, Gauthier JM . Direct binding of Smad3 and Smad4 to critical TGF beta-inducible elements in the promoter of human plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1 gene. EMBO J 1998; 17: 3091\u20133100.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21145","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.33.21145","volume":"273","author":"LJ Jonk","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jonk LJ, Itoh S, Heldin CH, ten Dijke P, Kruijer W . Identification and functional characterization of a Smad binding element (SBE) in the JunB promoter that acts as a transforming growth factor-beta, activin, and bone morphogenetic protein-inducible enhancer. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 21145\u201321152.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.03.045","volume":"125","author":"W He","year":"2006","unstructured":"He W, Dorn DC, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Moore MA, Massague J . Hematopoiesis controlled by distinct TIF1gamma and Smad4 branches of the TGFbeta pathway. Cell 2006; 125: 929\u2013941.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-006-9006-2","volume":"25","author":"SB Jakowlew","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jakowlew SB . Transforming growth factor-beta in cancer and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2006; 25: 435\u2013457.","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e52578","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052578","volume":"7","author":"DW Chan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chan DW, Hui WW, Cai PC, Liu MX, Yung MM, Mak CS et al. Targeting GRB7\/ERK\/FOXM1 signaling pathway impairs aggressiveness of ovarian cancer cells. PloS One 2012; 7: e52578.","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-002-2175-6","volume":"13","author":"S Levy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Levy S, Hannenhalli S . Identification of transcription factor binding sites in the human genome sequence. Mammalian Genome 2002; 13: 510\u2013514.","journal-title":"Mammalian Genome"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.07.198","volume":"348","author":"JW Wang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wang JW, Zhang SL, Schultz RM, Tseng H . Search for basonuclin target genes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 348: 1261\u20131271.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D108","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkj143","volume":"34","author":"V Matys","year":"2006","unstructured":"Matys V, Kel-Margoulis OV, Fricke E, Liebich I, Land S, Barre-Dirrie A et al. TRANSFAC and its module TRANSCompel: transcriptional gene regulation in eukaryotes. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34: D108\u2013D110.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W430","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr332","volume":"39","author":"J Qin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Qin J, Li MLJ, Wang PW, Zhang MQ, Wang JW . ChIP-Array: combinatory analysis of ChIP-seq\/chip and microarray gene expression data to discover direct\/indirect targets of a transcription factor. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 39: W430\u2013W436.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"BFonc2016307_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2901","volume":"225","author":"DW Chan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chan DW, Liu VW, Leung LY, Yao KM, Chan KK, Cheung AN et al. Zic2 synergistically enhances Hedgehog signalling through nuclear retention of Gli1 in cervical cancer cells. J Pathol 2011; 225: 525\u2013534.","journal-title":"J Pathol"}],"container-title":["Oncogene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/onc2016307.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/onc2016307","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/onc2016307.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T04:59:54Z","timestamp":1684472394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/onc2016307"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,5]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["BFonc2016307"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/onc.2016.307","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-9232","1476-5594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-9232","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 September 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2016","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 July 2016","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 September 2016","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}