{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:48:16Z","timestamp":1780411696575,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T16:02:08Z","timestamp":1444752128000},"page":"220-226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Multiple adverse experiences and child cognitive development"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Guinosso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara B.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne W.","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR1","volume-title":"Neuroscience of Cognitive Development: The Role of Experience and the Developing Brain","author":"CA Nelson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nelson CA, de Hann M, Thomas KM. Neuroscience of Cognitive Development: The Role of Experience and the Developing Brain. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2006."},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026699","volume":"67","author":"RE Nisbett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nisbett RE, Aronson J, Blair C, et al. Intelligence: new findings and theoretical developments. Am Psychol 2012;67:130\u201359.","journal-title":"Am Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1353\/foc.2005.0006","volume":"15","author":"KG Noble","year":"2005","unstructured":"Noble KG, Tottenham N, Casey BJ. Neuroscience perspectives on disparities in school readiness and cognitive achievement. Future Child 2005;15:71\u201389.","journal-title":"Future Child"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2639","volume":"10","author":"SJ Lupien","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lupien SJ, McEwen BS, Gunnar MR, Heim C. Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci 2009;10:434\u201345.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2009-2","volume":"214","author":"P Pechtel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pechtel P, Pizzagalli DA. Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: an integrated review of human literature. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011;214:55\u201370.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.2307\/1602387","volume":"7","author":"J Brooks-Gunn","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brooks-Gunn J, Duncan GJ. The effects of poverty on children. Future Child 1997;7:55\u201371.","journal-title":"Future Child"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-005-0624-4","volume":"256","author":"RF Anda","year":"2006","unstructured":"Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Bremner JD, et al. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2006;256:174\u201386.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.2307\/1131438","volume":"64","author":"AJ Sameroff","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sameroff AJ, Seifer R, Baldwin A, Baldwin C. Stability of intelligence from preschool to adolescence: the influence of social and family risk factors. Child Dev 1993;64:80\u201397.","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031808","volume":"139","author":"GW Evans","year":"2013","unstructured":"Evans GW, Li D, Whipple SS. Cumulative risk and child development. Psychol Bull 2013;139:1342\u201396.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0914","volume":"33","author":"CD Bethell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bethell CD, Newacheck P, Hawes E, Halfon N. Adverse childhood experiences: assessing the impact on health and school engagement and the mitigating role of resilience. Health Aff (Millwood) 2014;33:2106\u201315.","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05336.x","volume":"1186","author":"GW Evans","year":"2010","unstructured":"Evans GW, Kim P. Multiple risk exposure as a potential explanatory mechanism for the socioeconomic status-health gradient. Ann NY Acad Sci 2010;1186:174\u201389.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR12","first-page":"324","volume":"8","author":"M Rutter","year":"1979","unstructured":"Rutter M. Protective factors in children\u2019s responses to stress and disadvantage. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1979;8:324\u201338.","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.3.343","volume":"79","author":"AJ Sameroff","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sameroff AJ, Seifer R, Barocas R, Zax M, Greenspan S. Intelligence quotient scores of 4-year-old children: social-environmental risk factors. Pediatrics 1987;79:343\u201350.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(98)00017-8","volume":"14","author":"VJ Felitti","year":"1998","unstructured":"Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Am J Prev Med 1998;14:245\u201358.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR15","first-page":"1609","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2010","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adverse childhood experiences reported by adults---five states, 2009. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2010;59:1609.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.03.015","volume":"39","author":"RF Anda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anda RF, Butchart A, Felitti VJ, Brown DW. Building a framework for global surveillance of the public health implications of adverse childhood experiences. Am J Prev Med 2010;39:93\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.754","volume":"301","author":"JP Shonkoff","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shonkoff JP, Boyce WT, McEwen BS. Neuroscience, molecular biology, and the childhood roots of health disparities: building a new framework for health promotion and disease prevention. JAMA 2009;301:2252\u20139.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10074","volume":"9","author":"BS McEwen","year":"2003","unstructured":"McEwen BS. Early life influences on life-long patterns of behavior and health. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2003;9:149\u201354.","journal-title":"Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05331.x","volume":"1186","author":"BS McEwen","year":"2010","unstructured":"McEwen BS, Gianaros PJ. Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease. Ann NY Acad Sci 2010;1186:190\u2013222.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.01.013","volume":"37","author":"NM Bosch","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bosch NM, Riese H, Reijneveld SA, et al. Timing matters: long term effects of adversities from prenatal period up to adolescence on adolescents\u2019 cortisol stress response. The TRAILS study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2012;37:1439\u201347.","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.e44","volume":"108","author":"K Alaimo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Alaimo K, Olson CM, Frongillo EA Jr . Food insufficiency and American school-aged children\u2019s cognitive, academic, and psychosocial development. Pediatrics 2001;108:44\u201353.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecresq.2009.04.001","volume":"24","author":"C Ayoub","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ayoub C, O\u2019Connor E, Rappolt-Schlictmann G, Vallotton C, Raikes H, Chazan-Cohen R. Cognitive skill performance among young children living in poverty: risk, change, and the promotive effects of Early Head Start. Early Child Res Q 2009;24:289\u2013305.","journal-title":"Early Child Res Q"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410903258942","volume":"38","author":"T Aro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aro T, Poikkeus AM, Eklund K, et al. Effects of multidomain risk accumulation on cognitive, academic, and behavioural outcomes. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2009;38:883\u201398.","journal-title":"J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.36.6.793","volume":"36","author":"MR Burchinal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Burchinal MR, Roberts JE, Hooper S, Zeisel SA. Cumulative risk and early cognitive development: a comparison of statistical risk models. Dev Psychol 2000;36:793\u2013807.","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1080\/15295190701830672","volume":"8","author":"M Burchinal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Burchinal M, Vernon-Feagans L, Cox M ; Key Family Life Project Investigators. Cumulative social risk, parenting, and infant development in rural low-income communities. Parent Sci Pract 2008;8:41\u201369.","journal-title":"Parent Sci Pract"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1348\/026151008X399925","volume":"28","author":"JE Hall","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hall JE, Sammons P, Sylva K, et al. Measuring the combined risk to young children\u2019s cognitive development: an alternative to cumulative indices. Br J Dev Psychol 2010;28:219\u201338.","journal-title":"Br J Dev Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1376.007","volume":"1094","author":"P Klebanov","year":"2006","unstructured":"Klebanov P, Brooks-Gunn J. Cumulative, human capital, and psychological risk in the context of early intervention: links with IQ at ages 3, 5, and 8. Ann NY Acad Sci 2006;1094:63\u201382.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-3973(02)00106-5","volume":"23","author":"A Krishnakumar","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krishnakumar A, Black MM. Longitudinal predictors of competence among African American children: the role of distal and proximal risk factors. J Appl Dev Psychol 2002;23:237\u201366.","journal-title":"J Appl Dev Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp2304_2","volume":"23","author":"F-R Liaw","year":"1994","unstructured":"Liaw F-R, Brooks-Gunn J. Cumulative familial risks and low-birth weight children\u2019s cognitive and behavioral development. J Clin Child Psychol 1994;23:360\u2013272.","journal-title":"J Clin Child Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2005.00216.x","volume":"67","author":"J Poehlmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Poehlmann J. Children\u2019s family environments and intellectual outcomes during maternal incarceration. J Marriage Fam 2005;67:1275\u201385.","journal-title":"J Marriage Fam"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950180050007","volume":"52","author":"J Biederman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Biederman J, Milberger S, Faraone SV, et al. Family-environment risk factors for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. A test of Rutter\u2019s indicators of adversity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995;52:464\u201370.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1093\/cs\/27.4.197","volume":"27","author":"JC Crozier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Crozier JC, Barth RP. Cognitive and academic functioning in maltreated children. Child Sch 2005;27:197\u2013206.","journal-title":"Child Sch"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecresq.2010.01.002","volume":"25","author":"RS Mistry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mistry RS, Benner AD, Biesanz JC, Clark SL, Howes C. Family and social risk, and parental investments during the early childhood years as predictors of low-income children\u2019s school readiness outcomes. Early Child Res Q 2010;25:432\u201349.","journal-title":"Early Child Res Q"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00809.x","volume":"75","author":"RM Fearon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fearon RM, Belsky J. Attachment and attention: protection in relation to gender and cumulative social-contextual adversity. Child Dev 2004;75:1677\u201393.","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2006.10.001","volume":"28","author":"LJ Lengua","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lengua LJ, Honorado E, Bush NR. Contextual risk and parenting as predictors of effortful control and social competence in preschool children. J Appl Dev Psychol 2007;28:40\u201355.","journal-title":"J Appl Dev Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00469","volume":"73","author":"GW Evans","year":"2002","unstructured":"Evans GW, English K. The environment of poverty: multiple stressor exposure, psychophysiological stress, and socioemotional adjustment. Child Dev 2002;73:1238\u201348.","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-3973(99)80029-X","volume":"19","author":"SR Hooper","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hooper SR, Burchinal MR, Roberts JE, Zeisel S, Neebe EC. Social and family risk factors for infant development at one year: an application of the cumulative risk model. J Appl Dev Psychol 1998;19:85\u201396.","journal-title":"J Appl Dev Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032886","volume":"27","author":"ED Brown","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brown ED, Ackerman BP, Moore CA. Family adversity and inhibitory control for economically disadvantaged children: preschool relations and associations with school readiness. J Fam Psychol 2013;27:443\u201352.","journal-title":"J Fam Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.21376","volume":"34","author":"KE McFadden","year":"2012","unstructured":"McFadden KE, Tamis-Lemonda CS. Maternal responsiveness, intrusiveness, and negativity during play with infants: contextual associations and infant cognitive status in a low-income sample. Infant Ment Health J 2012;34:80\u201392.","journal-title":"Infant Ment Health J"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12027","volume":"16","author":"C Cybele Raver","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cybele Raver C, McCoy DC, Lowenstein AE, Pess R. Predicting individual differences in low-income children\u2019s executive control from early to middle childhood. Dev Sci 2013;16:394\u2013408.","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559508326355","volume":"14","author":"D Fishbein","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fishbein D, Warner T, Krebs C, Trevarthen N, Flannery B, Hammond J. Differential relationships between personal and community stressors and children\u2019s neurocognitive functioning. Child Maltreat 2009;14:299\u2013315.","journal-title":"Child Maltreat"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01602.x","volume":"38","author":"M Laucht","year":"1997","unstructured":"Laucht M, Esser G, Schmidt MH. Developmental outcome of infants born with biological and psychosocial risks. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1997;38:843\u201353.","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1080\/10409289.2010.508033","volume":"22","author":"ED Brown","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brown ED, Ackerman BP. Contextual risk, maternal negative emotionality, and the negative emotion dysregulation of preschool children from economically disadvantaged families. Early Educ Dev 2011;22:931\u201344.","journal-title":"Early Educ Dev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037723","volume":"4","author":"DC Ford","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ford DC, Merrick MT, Parks SE, et al. Examination of the factorial structure of adverse childhood experiences and recommendations for three subscale scores. Psychol Violence 2014;4:432\u201344.","journal-title":"Psychol Violence"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00001163-199807000-00004","volume":"11","author":"MR Gunnar","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gunnar MR, Barr RG. Stress, early brain development, and behavior. Infants Young Child 1998;11:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Infants Young Child"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401003078","volume":"13","author":"MD De Bellis","year":"2001","unstructured":"De Bellis MD. Developmental traumatology: the psychobiological development of maltreated children and its implications for research, treatment, and policy. Dev Psychopathol 2001;13:539\u201364.","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR47","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Essentials for childhood: steps to create safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments. 2014 ( http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/violenceprevention\/pdf\/essentials_for_childhood_framework.pdf )."},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2000.0005","volume":"37","author":"G Guo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Guo G, Harris KM. The mechanisms mediating the effects of poverty on children\u2019s intellectual development. Demography 2000;37:431\u201347.","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.t01-1-00511","volume":"73","author":"WJ Yeung","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yeung WJ, Linver MR, Brooks-Gunn J. How money matters for young children\u2019s development: parental investment and family processes. Child Dev 2002;73:1861\u201379.","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.00986.x","volume":"78","author":"ET Gershoff","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gershoff ET, Aber JL, Raver CC, Lennon MC. Income is not enough: incorporating material hardship into models of income associations with parenting and child development. Child Dev 2007;78:70\u201395.","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2010.121228","volume":"66","author":"I Schoon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schoon I, Jones E, Cheng H, Maughan B. Family hardship, family instability, and cognitive development. J Epidemiol Community Health 2012;66:716\u201322.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085605","volume":"58","author":"M Gunnar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gunnar M, Quevedo K. The neurobiology of stress and development. Annu Rev Psychol 2007;58:145\u201373.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.11.071","volume":"583","author":"BS McEwen","year":"2008","unstructured":"McEwen BS. Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators. Eur J Pharmacol 2008;583:174\u201385.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.43.2.341","volume":"43","author":"GW Evans","year":"2007","unstructured":"Evans GW, Kim P, Ting AH, Tesher HB, Shannis D. Cumulative risk, maternal responsiveness, and allostatic load among young adolescents. Dev Psychol 2007;43:341\u201351.","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401003133","volume":"13","author":"SJ Lupie","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lupie SJ, King S, Meaney MJ, McEwen BS. Can poverty get under your skin? basal cortisol levels and cognitive function in children from low and high socioeconomic status. Dev Psychopathol 2001;13:653\u201376.","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559505275116","volume":"10","author":"MD De Bellis","year":"2005","unstructured":"De Bellis MD. The psychobiology of neglect. Child Maltreat 2005;10:150\u201372.","journal-title":"Child Maltreat"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.2006.00484.x","volume":"62","author":"T Watts English","year":"2006","unstructured":"Watts English T, Fortson BL, Gibler N, Hooper SR, De Bellis MD. The psychobiology of maltreatment in childhood. J Soc Issues 2006;62:717\u201336.","journal-title":"J Soc Issues"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.128.2.330","volume":"128","author":"RL Repetti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Repetti RL, Taylor SE, Seeman TE. Risky families: family social environments and the mental and physical health of offspring. Psychol Bull 2002;128:330\u201366.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/cdep.12030","volume":"7","author":"GI Roisman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Roisman GI, Fraley RC. Developmental mechanisms underlying the legacy of childhood experiences. Child Dev Perspect 2013;7:149\u201354.","journal-title":"Child Dev Perspect"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579411000411","volume":"23","author":"SE Taylor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Taylor SE, Way BM, Seeman TE. Early adversity and adult health outcomes. Dev Psychopathol 2011;23:939\u201354.","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e232","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2663","volume":"129","author":"JP Shonkoff","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shonkoff JP, Garner AS ; Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health; Committee on Early Childhood, Adoption, and Dependent Care; Section on Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress. Pediatrics 2012;129:e232\u201346.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR62","unstructured":"Paulsell D, Avellar S, Martin ES, Del Grosso P. Home visiting evidence of effectiveness review: executive summary. ( http:\/\/homvee.acf.hhs.gov\/HomVEE_Executive_Summary.pdf ) Accessed 15 November 2010."},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/016146811011200303","volume":"112","author":"G Camilli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Camilli G, Vargas S, Ryan S, Barnett WS. Meta-analysis of the effects of early education interventions on cognitive and social development. Teach Coll Rec 2010;112:579\u2013620.","journal-title":"Teach Coll Rec"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.04.005","volume":"30","author":"AC Huizink","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huizink AC, Mulder EJ. Maternal smoking, drinking or cannabis use during pregnancy and neurobehavioral and cognitive functioning in human offspring. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2006;30:24\u201341.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2816","volume":"124","author":"CS Aarnoudse-Moens","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aarnoudse-Moens CS, Weisglas-Kuperus N, van Goudoever JB, Oosterlaan J. Meta-analysis of neurobehavioral outcomes in very preterm and\/or very low birth weight children. Pediatrics 2009;124:717\u201328.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BFpr2015195_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2012.04.007","volume":"117","author":"J Forns","year":"2012","unstructured":"Forns J, Torrent M, Garcia-Esteban R, et al. Longitudinal association between early life socio-environmental factors and attention function at the age 11 years. Environ Res 2012;117:54\u20139.","journal-title":"Environ Res"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2015195.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2015195","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2015195.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T20:58:15Z","timestamp":1684616295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2015195"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BFpr2015195"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pr.2015.195","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3998","1530-0447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3998","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 April 2015","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2015","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2015","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}