{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T16:50:49Z","timestamp":1789059049800,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511308800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,20]],"date-time":"2017-10-20T16:02:25Z","timestamp":1508515345000},"page":"506-513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The effects of adding prophylactic phenobarbital to therapeutic hypothermia in the term-equivalent hypoxic\u2013ischemic rat"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Sushma","family":"Krishna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Hutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Aronowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J","family":"Vannucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0385","volume":"114","author":"YW Wu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wu YW, March WM, Croen LA et al. Perinatal stroke in children with motor impairment: a population-based study. Pediatrics 2004;114:612\u20139.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9293","volume":"17","author":"RC Vannucci","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vannucci RC . Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Am J Perinatol 2000;17:113\u201320.","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2008.07.003","volume":"120","author":"FF Gonzalez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzalez FF, Ferriero DM . Therapeutics for neonatal brain injury. Pharmacol Ther 2008;120:43\u201353.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1112066","volume":"366","author":"S Shankaran","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shankaran S, Pappas A, McDonald SA et al. Childhood outcomes after hypothermia for neonatal encephalopathy. N Engl J Med 2012;366:2085\u201392.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17946-X","volume":"365","author":"PD Gluckman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gluckman PD, Wyatt JS, Azzopardi D et al. Selective head cooling with mild systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: multicenter randomized trial. Lancet 2005;365:663\u201370.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0900854","volume":"361","author":"DV Azzopardi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Azzopardi DV, Strohm B, Edwards AD et al. Moderate hypothermia to treat perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy. N Engl J Med 2009;361:1349\u201358.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410090206","volume":"9","author":"JE Rice","year":"1981","unstructured":"Rice JE, Vannucci RC, Brierley JB . The influence of immaturity on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in the rat. Ann Neurol 1981;9:131\u201341.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20130247","volume":"42","author":"SD Patel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Patel SD, Pierce L, Ciardiello AJ et al. Neonatal encephalopathy: pre-clinical studies in neuroprotection. Biochem Soc Trans 2014;42:564\u20138.","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.100","volume":"78","author":"SD Patel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Patel SD, Pierce L, Ciardiello A et al. Therapeutic hypothermia and hypoxia-ischemia in the term-equivalent neonatal rat: characterization of a ranslational pre-clinical model. Pediatr Res 2015;78:264\u201371.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1178","volume":"117","author":"H Tekgul","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tekgul H, Gauvreau K, Soul J et al. The current etiologic profile and neurodevelopmental outcomes of seizures in term newborn infants. Pediatrics 2006;117:1270\u201380.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2009.05.004","volume":"41","author":"V Yap","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yap V, Engel M, Takenouchi T, Perlman JM . Seizures are common in term infants undergoing head cooling. Pediatric Neurol 2009;41:327\u201331.","journal-title":"Pediatric Neurol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17946-X","volume":"365","author":"PD Gluckman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gluckman PD, Wyatt JS, Assopardi D et al. Selective head cooling with mild systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: multicentre randomized trial. Lancet 2005;365:663\u201370.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073812470734","volume":"28","author":"LA Slaughter","year":"2013","unstructured":"Slaughter LA, Patel AD, Slaughter JL . Pharmacological treatment of neonatal seizures: a systematic review. J Child Neurol 2013;28:351\u201364.","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.07.007","volume":"127","author":"SR Mathieson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mathieson SR, Livingstone V, Low E, Pressler R, Rennie JM, Boylan GB . Phenobarbital reduces EEG amplitude and propagation of neonatal seizures but does not alter performance of automated seizure detection. Clin Neurophysiol 2016;127:3343\u201350.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181d4ff4d","volume":"67","author":"JD Barks","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barks JD, Liu YQ, Shangguan Y, Silverstein FS . Phenobarbital augments hypothermic neuroprotection. Pediatr Res 2010;67:532\u20137.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2011.41","volume":"32","author":"S Sarkar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sarkar S, Barks JD, Bapuraj JR et al. Does phenobarbital improve the effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy? J Perinatol 2012;32:15\u201320.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.04.005","volume":"157","author":"DF Meyn Jr","year":"2010","unstructured":"Meyn DF Jr, Ness J, Ambalavanan N, Carlo WA . Prophylactic phenobarbital and whole-body cooling for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. J Pediatr 2010;157:334\u20136.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70458-5","volume":"132","author":"RT Hall","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hall RT, Hall FK, Daily DK . High-dose phenobarbital therapy in term newborn infants with severe perinatal asphyxia: a randomized, prospective study with three-year follow-up. J Pediatr 1998;132:345\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13365","volume":"57","author":"S Kaushal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaushal S, Tamer Z, Opoku F, Forcelli PA . Anticonvulsant drug-induced cell death in the developing white matter of the rodent brain. Epilepsia 2016;57:727\u201334.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03297.x","volume":"52","author":"PA Forcelli","year":"2011","unstructured":"Forcelli PA, Kim J, Kondratyev A, Gale K . Brief communication: Pattern of antiepileptic drug induced cell death in limbic regions of the neonatal rat brain. Epilepsia 2011;52:e207\u201311.","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.107.123133","volume":"322","author":"I Katz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Katz I, Kim J, Gale K, Kondratyev A . Effects of lamotrigine alone and in combination with MK-801, phenobarbital, or phenytoin on cell death in the neonatal rat brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007;322:494\u2013500.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07517.x","volume":"993","author":"P Bittigau","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bittigau P, Sifringer M, Ikonomidou C . Antiepileptic drugs and apoptosis in the developing brain. Ann NY Acad Sci 2003;993:103\u201314 discussion 123\u20134.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.44.2.125","volume":"44","author":"LB Goldstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Goldstein LB . Model of recovery of locomotor ability after sensorimotor cortex injury in rats. ILAR J 2003;44:125\u20139.","journal-title":"ILAR J"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR24","first-page":"497","volume":"3","author":"T Schallert","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schallert T . Behavioral tests for preclinical intervention assessment. Neuropharmacology 2006;3:497\u2013504.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155","volume":"112","author":"J Cohen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cohen J . \u201cA power primer\u201d. Psychol Bull 1992;112:155\u20139.","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A . G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods, (2007;39:175\u201391.","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(00)00005-8","volume":"39","author":"T Schallert","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schallert T, Fleming SM, Leasure JL, Tillerson JL, Bland ST . CNS plasticity and assessment of forelimb sensorimotor outcome in unilateral rat models of stroke, cortical ablation, parkinsonism and spinal cord injury. Neuropharmacology 2000;39:777\u201387.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.03.040","volume":"5","author":"HC Glass","year":"2009","unstructured":"Glass HC, Glidden D, Jeremy RJ, Barkovich AJ, Ferriero DM, Miller SP . Clinical neonatal seizures are independently associated with outcome in infants at risk for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. J Pediatrics 2009;5:318\u201323.","journal-title":"J Pediatrics"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2015.01.001","volume":"20","author":"GB Boylan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boylan GB, Kharoshankaya L, Wusthoff CJ . Seizures and hypothermia: importance of electroencephalographic monitoring and considerations for treatment. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2015;20:103\u20138.","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F267","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300716","volume":"97","author":"E Low","year":"2012","unstructured":"Low E, Boylan GB, Mathieson SR et al. Cooling and seizure burden in term neonates: an observational study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2012;97:F267\u201372.","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2015.10.007","volume":"33","author":"NE Lynch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lynch NE, Stevenson NJ, Livingstone V et al. The temporal characteristics of seizures in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy treated with hypothermia. Seizure 2015;33:60\u20135.","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.07.007","volume":"127","author":"SR Mathieson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mathieson SR, Livingstone V, Low E, Pressler R, Rennie JM, Boylan GB . Phenobarbital reduces EEG amplitude and propagation of neonatal seizures but does not alter performance of automated seizure detection. Clin Neurophysiol 2016;127:3343\u201350.","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.155434","volume":"10","author":"Y Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu Y, Wang XY, Li D, Yang L, Huang SP . Short-term use of antiepileptic drugs is neurotoxic to the immature brain. Neural Regen Res 2015;10:599\u2013604.","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2004.052","volume":"32","author":"D Singh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Singh D, Kumar P, Majumdar S, Narang A . Effect on phenobarbital on free radicals in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy \u2013 a randomized controlled trial. J Perinat Med 2004;32:278\u201381.","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811419317","volume":"27","author":"G Sant\u2019Anna","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sant\u2019Anna G, Laptook AR et al. Phenobarbital and temperature profile during hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. J Child Neurol 2012;27:451\u20137.","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"BFpr2017266_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2005.01.004","volume":"27","author":"A Ohmura","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ohmura A, Nakajima W, Ishida A et al. Prolonged hypothermia protects neonatal rat brain against hypoxic-ischemia by reducing both apoptosis and necrosis. Brain Dev 2005;27:517\u201326.","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"BFpr2017266_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12724","volume":"57","author":"J Shetty","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shetty J . Neonatal seizure in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy \u2013 risks and benefits of anticonvulsant therapy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2015;57 (Suppl 3): 40\u20133.","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2017266.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2017266","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/doifinder\/10.1038\/pr.2017.266","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2017266.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T21:03:45Z","timestamp":1684616625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr2017266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BFpr2017266"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pr.2017.266","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3998","1530-0447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3998","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 May 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 October 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 November 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}