{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T14:18:16Z","timestamp":1788013096768,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Obes"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-026-02203-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T13:48:56Z","timestamp":1788011336000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["CFTR regulates lipid metabolism by relieving adipose inflammation in obesity"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"given":"Jieyi","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanfeng","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuijie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Azziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanlei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1962-3833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaomiao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2203_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2907","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13092907","volume":"13","author":"R Bass","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bass R, Brownell JN, Stallings VA. The Impact of Highly Effective CFTR modulators on growth and nutrition status. Nutrients. 2021;13:2907.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2203_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.12230","volume":"97","author":"EM Mulcahy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mulcahy EM, Cooley MA, McGuire H, Asad S, Fazekas de St Groth B, et al. Widespread alterations in the peripheral blood innate immune cell profile in cystic fibrosis reflect lung pathology. Immunol Cell Biol. 2019;97:416\u201326.","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2203_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.760922","volume":"11","author":"VR Flores-Vega","year":"2021","unstructured":"Flores-Vega VR, Vargas-Rold\u00e1n SY, Lezana-Fern\u00e1ndez JL, Lascurain R, Santos-Preciado JI, Rosales-Reyes R. Bacterial subversion of autophagy in cystic fibrosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;11:760922.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"2203_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2019-0442OC","volume":"64","author":"I Cabrita","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cabrita I, Benedetto R, Wanitchakool P, Lerias J, Centeio R, Ousingsawat J, et al. TMEM16A mediates mucus production in human airway epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2021;64:50\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2203_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2521170","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.21170","volume":"8","author":"E M\u00fcnte","year":"2025","unstructured":"M\u00fcnte E, Zhang X, Khurana A, Hartmann P. Prevalence of extremely severe obesity and metabolic dysfunction among US children and adolescents. JAMA Netw Open. 2025;8:e2521170.","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"2203_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114521003962","volume":"127","author":"P Trayhurn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trayhurn P. Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue. Br J Nutr. 2022;127:161\u20134.","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"2203_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.054","volume":"178","author":"DA Jaitin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jaitin DA, Adlung L, Thaiss CA, Weiner A, Li B, Descamps H, et al. lipid-associated macrophages control metabolic homeostasis in a Trem2-dependent manner. Cell. 2019;178:686\u201398.e14.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2203_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.54","volume":"7","author":"C Zheng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zheng C, Yang Q, Cao J, Xie N, Liu K, Shou P, et al. Local proliferation initiates macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue during obesity. Cell Death Dis. 2016;7:e2167.","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"2203_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-48382-5_14","volume":"960","author":"AB Engin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Engin AB. Adipocyte-macrophage cross-talk in obesity. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;960:327\u201343.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"2203_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.873699","volume":"13","author":"Y Ren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ren Y, Zhao H, Yin C, Lan X, Wu L, Du X, et al. Adipokines, hepatokines and myokines: focus on their role and molecular mechanisms in adipose tissue inflammation. Front Endocrinol. 2022;13:873699.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"2203_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10070836","volume":"10","author":"ML Kleme","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kleme ML, San\u00e9 A, Garofalo C, Seidman E, Brochiero E, Berthiaume Y, et al. CFTR deletion confers mitochondrial dysfunction and disrupts lipid homeostasis in intestinal epithelial cells. Nutrients. 2018;10:836.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2203_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2021.05.002","volume":"21","author":"A Gramegna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gramegna A, Aliberti S, Contarini M, Savi D, Sotgiu G, Majo F, et al. Overweight and obesity in adults with cystic fibrosis: an Italian multicenter cohort study. J Cyst Fibros. 2022;21:111\u20134.","journal-title":"J Cyst Fibros"},{"key":"2203_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5324","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27165324","volume":"27","author":"E Moliteo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moliteo E, Sciacca M, Palmeri A, Papale M, Manti S, Parisi GF, et al. Cystic fibrosis and oxidative stress: the role of CFTR. Molecules. 2022;27:5324.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2203_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081767","volume":"18","author":"Y Marunaka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marunaka Y. The mechanistic links between insulin and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl- channel. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18:1767.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2203_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes24030","volume":"33","author":"S Soedono","year":"2024","unstructured":"Soedono S, Julietta V, Nawaz H, Cho KW. Dynamic roles and expanding diversity of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr. 2024;33:193\u2013212.","journal-title":"J Obes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"2203_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0259489","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259489","volume":"16","author":"A Naruke","year":"2021","unstructured":"Naruke A, Nakano R, Nunomura J, Suwabe Y, Nakano M, Namba S, et al. Tpl2 contributes to IL-1\u03b2-induced IL-8 expression via ERK1\/2 activation in canine dermal fibroblasts. PLoS ONE. 2021;16:e0259489.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2203_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14111678","volume":"14","author":"J Chang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chang J, Wang Z, Hao Y, Song Y, Xia C. Calmodulin contributes to lipolysis and inflammatory responses in clinical ketosis cows through the TLR4\/IKK\/NF-\u03baB pathway. Animals. 2024;14:1678.","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2203_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113218","volume":"263","author":"Y Um","year":"2020","unstructured":"Um Y, Eo HJ, Kim HJ, Kim K, Jeon KS, Jeong JB. Wild simulated ginseng activates mouse macrophage, RAW264.7 cells through TRL2\/4-dependent activation of MAPK, NF-\u03baB and PI3K\/AKT pathways. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;263:113218.","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2203_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.3109\/01902148.2011.569968","volume":"37","author":"G John","year":"2011","unstructured":"John G, Chillappagari S, Rubin BK, Gruenert DC, Henke MO. Reduced surface toll-like receptor-4 expression and absent interferon-\u03b3-inducible protein-10 induction in cystic fibrosis airway cells. Exp Lung Res. 2011;37:319\u201326.","journal-title":"Exp Lung Res"},{"key":"2203_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00682-z","volume":"25","author":"WM Bement","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bement WM, Goryachev AB, Miller AL, von Dassow G. Patterning of the cell cortex by Rho GTPases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2024;25:290\u2013308.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"2203_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28000","volume":"62","author":"R Scirpo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Scirpo R, Fiorotto R, Villani A, Amenduni M, Spirli C, Strazzabosco M. Stimulation of nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-\u03b3 limits NF-\u03baB-dependent inflammation in mouse cystic fibrosis biliary epithelium. Hepatology. 2015;62:1551\u201362.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2203_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G685","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00344.2017","volume":"315","author":"IR Bederman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bederman IR, Pora G, O\u2019Reilly M, Poleman J, Spoonhower K, Puchowicz M, et al. Absence of leptin signaling allows fat accretion in cystic fibrosis mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018;315:G685\u2013G698.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"2203_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.3017","volume":"37","author":"SJ Lamontagne","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lamontagne SJ, Pizzagalli DA, Olmstead MC. Does inflammation link stress to poor COVID-19 outcome?Stress Health. 2021;37:401\u201314.","journal-title":"Stress Health"},{"key":"2203_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4314","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801152RR","volume":"33","author":"JH Han","year":"2019","unstructured":"Han JH, Shin H, Park JY, Rho JG, Son DH, Kim KW, et al. A novel peripheral cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonist, AJ5012, improves metabolic outcomes and suppresses adipose tissue inflammation in obese mice. FASEB J. 2019;33:4314\u201326.","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"2203_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2100665","volume":"385","author":"PJ Barry","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barry PJ, Mall MA, \u00c1lvarez A, Colombo C, de Winter-de Groot KM, Fajac I, et al. Triple therapy for cystic fibrosis Phe508del-gating and -residual function genotypes. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:815\u201325.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2203_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201909-671CME","volume":"17","author":"V Sergeev","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sergeev V, Chou FY, Lam GY, Hamilton CM, Wilcox PG, Quon BS. The extrapulmonary effects of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators in cystic fibrosis. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020;17:147\u201354.","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41366-026-02203-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41366-026-02203-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41366-026-02203-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T13:48:57Z","timestamp":1788011337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41366-026-02203-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["2203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41366-026-02203-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0307-0565","1476-5497"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0307-0565","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5497","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial People\u2019s Hospital. All methods were carried out following relevant guidelines and regulations. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}