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Most studies focus on acute photodamage, neglecting chronic photo-injury from dental lighting and its impact on the blood-retinal barrier homeostasis. An epidemiological survey involving 14,523 individuals showed dentists had 3.6 times higher odds of vision-related issues compared to other occupations (OR\u2009=\u20093.639, 95% CI: 3.064\u20134.323). Subsequently, chronic photodamage models in rats were created to accurately simulate dental working conditions. Using systematic imaging and gene analysis, including OCT, tissue clearing technology and RNA-sequencing, dental lighting was found to disrupted both inner and outer blood-retinal barriers, reduced retinal blood vessels, and promoted perivascular macrophage recruitment. Among them, the number of capillary branches decreased sharply. Moreover, the activation of inflammatory-related pathways such as NF-\u03baB signaling resulted in the damage of vision-related functional structures in the retina. Notably, among three dental light sources, low-intensity halogen caused minimal retinal damage, whereas blue and white LEDs significantly disrupted blood-retinal barrier homeostasis. This study explored the potential mechanism of dental lighting environment inducing the disruption of blood-retinal barrier homeostasis, and provided essential guidance for dental professionals in selecting light sources, which is conducive to reducing the risk of occupational ocular diseases among dentists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-025-00414-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:03:37Z","timestamp":1770941017000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chronic dental lighting disrupts blood-retinal barrier homeostasis via vascular and inflammatory pathways"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8586-7241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuhuai","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuo","family":"Gai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xibo","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anjali P.","family":"Kusumbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianbing","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1717-5782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"414_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/ng984","volume":"32","author":"W Hao","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hao, W. et al. 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