{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T02:40:16Z","timestamp":1792809616117,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]],"date-time":"2024-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]],"date-time":"2024-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-024-00716-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]],"date-time":"2024-08-31T12:03:19Z","timestamp":1725105799000},"page":"511-519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Maternal exposure to ambient ozone and fetal congenital heart defects: a national multicenter study in China"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yaqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yihua","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7682-4311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"716_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061245","volume":"147","author":"X Yuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yuan X, Liang F, Zhu J, Huang K, Dai L, Li X, et al. Maternal exposure to PM2.5 and the risk of congenital heart defects in 1.4 million births: a nationwide surveillance-based study. Circulation. 2023;147:565\u201374.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"716_CR2","volume":"43","author":"Z Su","year":"2022","unstructured":"Su Z, Zou Z, Hay SI, Liu Y, Li S, Chen H, et al. Global, regional, and national time trends in mortality for congenital heart disease, 1990-2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. EClin Med. 2022;43:101249.","journal-title":"EClin Med"},{"key":"716_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.08.040","volume":"204","author":"QM Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao QM, Liu F, Wu L, Ma XJ, Niu C, Huang GY. Prevalence of congenital heart disease at live birth in China. J Pediatr. 2019;204:53\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"716_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des043","volume":"27","author":"CA Snijder","year":"2012","unstructured":"Snijder CA, Vlot IJ, Burdorf A, Obermann-Borst SA, Helbing WA, Wildhagen MF, et al. Congenital heart defects and parental occupational exposure to chemicals. Hum Reprod. 2012;27:1510\u20137.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"716_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m108","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m108","volume":"368","author":"AM Vicedo-Cabrera","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Sera F, Liu C, Armstrong B, Milojevic A, Guo Y, et al. Short term association between ozone and mortality: global two stage time series study in 406 locations in 20 countries. BMJ. 2020;368:m108.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"716_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.136470","volume":"712","author":"Y Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang Y, Lin Q, Liang Y, Ruan Z, Acharya BK, Zhang S, et al. Maternal air pollution exposure associated with risk of congenital heart defect in pre-pregnancy overweighted women. Sci Total Environ. 2020;712:136470.","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"716_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.104953","volume":"130","author":"E Lavigne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lavigne E, Lima I, Hatzopoulou M, Van Ryswyk K, Decou ML, Luo W, et al. Spatial variations in ambient ultrafine particle concentrations and risk of congenital heart defects. Environ Int. 2019;130:104953.","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"716_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.01.022","volume":"111","author":"P Dadvand","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dadvand P, Rankin J, Rushton S, Pless-Mulloli T. Ambient air pollution and congenital heart disease: a register-based study. Environ Res. 2011;111:435\u201341.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"716_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e154450","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.4450","volume":"170","author":"S Peyvandi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peyvandi S, De Santiago V, Chakkarapani E, Chau V, Campbell A, Poskitt KJ, et al. Association of prenatal diagnosis of critical congenital heart disease with postnatal brain development and the risk of brain injury. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170:e154450.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"716_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d","volume":"129","author":"MT Donofrio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Donofrio MT, Moon-Grady AJ, Hornberger LK, Copel JA, Sklansky MS, Abuhamad A, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of fetal cardiac disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2014;129:2183\u2013242.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"716_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14877","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c03098","volume":"54","author":"T Xue","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xue T, Zheng Y, Geng G, Xiao Q, Meng X, Wang M, et al. Estimating spatiotemporal variation in ambient ozone exposure during 2013-7 using a data-fusion model. Environ Sci Technol. 2020;54:14877\u201388.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"716_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq342","volume":"173","author":"P Dadvand","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dadvand P, Rankin J, Rushton S, Pless-Mulloli T. Association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and congenital heart disease: a register-based spatiotemporal analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2011;173:171\u201382.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"716_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12403","volume":"41","author":"JS Carvalho","year":"2013","unstructured":"International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carvalho JS, Allan LD, Chaoui R, Copel JA, DeVore GR, et al. ISUOG Practice Guidelines (updated): sonographic screening examination of the fetal heart. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;41:348\u201359.","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"716_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3844","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2019.1700498","volume":"34","author":"S Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao S, Han J, Yu S, Guo Y, Ruan Y, Fu Y, et al. Comparison of fetal echocardiogram with fetal cardiac autopsy findings in fetuses with congenital heart disease. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34:3844\u201350.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"716_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26047-8","volume":"12","author":"Y Xin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xin Y, Yang Y, Chen X, Yue X, Liu Y, Yin C. Evaluation of IMERG and ERA5 precipitation products over the Mongolian Plateau. Sci Rep. 2022;12:21776.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"716_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3737","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c10306","volume":"58","author":"J Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo J, Ruan Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Ma S, Wan X, et al. Maternal exposure to extreme cold events and risk of congenital heart defects: a large multicenter study in China. Environ Sci Technol. 2024;58:3737\u201346.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"716_CR17","unstructured":"R Core Team, 2023. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/."},{"key":"716_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029652","volume":"137","author":"WM Schultz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schultz WM, Kelli HM, Lisko JC, Varghese T, Shen J, Sandesara P, et al. Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular outcomes: challenges and interventions. Circulation. 2018;137:2166\u201378.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"716_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e172","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020172","volume":"2","author":"O Barigye","year":"2005","unstructured":"Barigye O, Pasquini L, Galea P, Chambers H, Chappell L, Fisk NM. High risk of unexpected late fetal death in monochorionic twins despite intensive ultrasound surveillance: a cohort study. PLoS Med. 2005;2:e172.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"716_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.284","volume":"655","author":"CC Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang CC, Chen BY, Pan SC, Ho YL, Guo YL. Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and congenital heart diseases in Taiwan. Sci Tot. Environ. 2019;655:880\u20136.","journal-title":"Sci Tot. Environ"},{"key":"716_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.113070","volume":"229","author":"H Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhao X, Cheng G, Chang H, Ye X, et al. Maternal exposure to air pollution and congenital heart diseases in Henan China: a register-based case-control study. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022;229:113070.","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"716_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.07.007","volume":"104","author":"W Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang W, Liu Z, Ni B, Xie W, Zhou H, Li X. Independent and interactive effects of air pollutants and ambient heat exposure on congenital heart defects. Reprod Toxicol. 2021;104:106\u201313.","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"716_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34852","volume":"6","author":"B Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang B, Zhao J, Yang R, Qian Z, Liang S, Bassig BA, et al. Ozone and other air pollutants and the risk of congenital heart defects. Sci Rep. 2016;6:34852.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"716_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2013.03.005","volume":"124","author":"K Agay-Shay","year":"2013","unstructured":"Agay-Shay K, Friger M, Linn S, Peled A, Amitai Y, Peretz C. Air pollution and congenital heart defects. Environ Res. 2013;124:28\u201334.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"716_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1883","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001883","volume":"94","author":"BF Hwang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hwang BF, Lee YL, Jaakkola JJ. Air pollution and the risk of cardiac defects: a population-based case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94:e1883.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"716_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.03.001","volume":"202","author":"LC Vinikoor-Imler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vinikoor-Imler LC, Stewart TG, Luben TJ, Davis JA, Langlois PH. An exploratory analysis of the relationship between ambient ozone and particulate matter concentrations during early pregnancy and selected birth defects in Texas. Environ Pollut. 2015;202:1\u20136.","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"716_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.1.17","volume":"155","author":"B Ritz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ritz B, Yu F, Fruin S, Chapa G, Shaw GM, Harris JA. Ambient air pollution and risk of birth defects in Southern California. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;155:17\u201325.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"716_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00171","volume":"74","author":"X Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu X, Zhang L, Wang X, Gao M, Li K, Zhang Y, et al. Rapid increases in warm-season surface ozone and resulting health impact in China since 2013. Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2020;74:240\u20137.","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"716_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.03.039","volume":"165","author":"J Lepeule","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lepeule J, Litonjua AA, Gasparrini A, Koutrakis P, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, et al. Lung function association with outdoor temperature and relative humidity and its interaction with air pollution in the elderly. Environ Res. 2018;165:110\u20137.","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"716_CR30","unstructured":"Xie X, Kong BH, Duan T. Gynecology and Obstetrics. 9th Edition, People\u2019s Health Publishing House, Beijing, 2018."},{"key":"716_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-021-00445-8","volume":"19","author":"U Luderer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Luderer U, Lim J, Ortiz L, Nguyen JD, Shin JH, Allen BD, et al. Exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) depletes the ovarian follicle reserve and causes sex-dependent cardiovascular changes in apolipoprotein E null mice. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2022;19:5.","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"716_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e158","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(20)30059-0","volume":"4","author":"D Van Brusselen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van Brusselen D, Kayembe-Kitenge T, Mbuyi-Musanzayi S, Lubala Kasole T, Kabamba Ngombe L, Musa Obadia P, et al. Metal mining and birth defects: a case-control study in Lubumbashi Democratic Republic of the Congo. Lancet Planet Health. 2020;4:e158\u2013e167.","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"key":"716_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000148710.69159.61","volume":"57","author":"AC Gittenberger-de Groot","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Bartelings MM, Deruiter MC, Poelmann RE. Basics of cardiac development for the understanding of congenital heart malformations. Pediatr Res. 2005;57:169\u201376.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"716_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-10-43","volume":"10","author":"L Sun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sun L, Liu C, Xu X, Ying Z, Maiseyeu A, Wang A, et al. Ambient fine particulate matter and ozone exposures induce inflammation in epicardial and perirenal adipose tissues in rats fed a high fructose diet. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2013;10:43.","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"716_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.2842","volume":"177","author":"DB Day","year":"2017","unstructured":"Day DB, Xiang J, Mo J, Li F, Chung M, Gong J, et al. Association of ozone exposure with cardiorespiratory pathophysiologic mechanisms in healthy adults. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177:1344\u201353.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Exposure Science &amp; Environmental Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41370-024-00716-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41370-024-00716-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41370-024-00716-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T19:03:38Z","timestamp":1747076618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41370-024-00716-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["716"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41370-024-00716-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-0631","1559-064X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-0631","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-064X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 August 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 August 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University (ID: 2022060X), and written informed consent was signed by all subjects.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}