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All data, interpretations, and conclusions presented in the paper are the original work of the authors.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"AI Assistance Disclosure:","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University (Protocol No. 094\/24\/SPH), with additional authorization from the Butajira Demographic Surveillance Site and the East Gurage Zone Health Department (Ref. No.\n                      \n                      \n                      \n                      :\n                      \n                      \/\n                      \n                      \/\n                      \n                      \/\n                      \n                      \/4665\/28\/6\/2017\n                      \n                      .\n                      \n                      ). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and involved no invasive or experimental procedures. Informed oral consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection, with consent from legal guardians for participants under 18 years, and participants were informed of their right to refuse or withdraw at any time without consequence. Detailed information about study procedures, use of the Atmotube Pro PM\u2082.\u2085 monitor, potential risks, and pregnancy danger signs was provided, and any identified health concerns were referred to nearby health facilities.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}