{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T19:28:43Z","timestamp":1773862123545,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Hum Hypertens"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-021-00514-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T14:03:43Z","timestamp":1615212223000},"page":"315-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Referrals to, and characteristics of patients attending a specialist hypertension clinic"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2577-0242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cormac","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3477-4034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Farnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Stinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Hemeryck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Hennessy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"514_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31145-6","volume":"394","author":"B Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou B, Danaei G, Stevens GA, Bixby H, Taddei C, Carrillo-Larco RM, et al. Long-term and recent trends in hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in 12 high-income countries: an analysis of 123 nationally representative surveys. Lancet. 2019;394:639\u201351.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"514_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdv057","volume":"38","author":"C Murphy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murphy C, Kearney P, Shelley E, Fahey T, Dooley C, Kenny R. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control in the over 50s in Ireland: evidence from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. J Public Health. 2016;38:450\u20138.","journal-title":"J Public Health"},{"key":"514_CR3","unstructured":"Morgan K, McGee H, Watson D, Perry I, Barry MM, Shelley E, et al. SL\u00c1N 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. Main Report. Dublin: Department of Health and Children; 2008."},{"key":"514_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.13.121954","volume":"92","author":"N Ikeda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ikeda N, Sapienza D, Guerrero R, Aekplakorn W, Naghavi M, Mokdad AH, et al. Control of hypertension with medication: a comparative analysis of national surveys in 20 countries. Bull World Health Organ. 2013;92:10\u20139C.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"514_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1995.00430070053006","volume":"155","author":"NR Cook","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cook NR, Cohen J, Hebert PR, Taylor JO, Hennekens CH. Implications of small reductions in diastolic blood pressure for primary prevention. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:701\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"514_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.3399\/096016407782604965","volume":"57","author":"C Heneghan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Heneghan C, Perera R, Mant D, Glasziou P. Hypertension guideline recommendations in general practice: awareness, agreement, adoption, and adherence. Br J Gen Pr. 2007;57:948\u201352.","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pr"},{"key":"514_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-6175.2007.06112.x","volume":"9","author":"G Ardery","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ardery G, Carter BL, Milchak JL, Bergus GR, Dawson JD, James PA, et al. Explicit and implicit evaluation of physician adherence to hypertension guidelines. J Clin Hypertens. 2007;9:113\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"514_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1185\/030079907X182077","volume":"23","author":"P Bramlage","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bramlage P, Thoenes M, Kirch W, Lenfant C. Clinical practice and recent recommendations in hypertension management\u2013reporting a gap in a global survey of 1259 primary care physicians in 17 countries. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007;23:783\u201391.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"514_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2008.00047.x","volume":"11","author":"M Moser","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moser M. Physician or clinical inertia: what is it? Is it really a problem? And what can be done about it? J Clin Hypertens. 2009;11:1\u20134.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"514_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00100","volume":"8","author":"B Vrijens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vrijens B, Antoniou S, Burnier M, de la Sierra A, Volpe M. Current situation of medication adherence in hypertension. Front Pharm. 2017;8:100.","journal-title":"Front Pharm"},{"key":"514_CR11","unstructured":"Cardiovascular Disease. https:\/\/irishheart.ie\/heart-and-stroke-conditions-a-z\/cardiovascular-disease\/#section-definition. Accessed 10 Feb 2020."},{"key":"514_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy339","volume":"39","author":"B Williams","year":"2018","unstructured":"Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, et al. 2018 ESC\/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J 2018;39:3021\u2013104.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"514_CR13","unstructured":"St James Hospital Dublin. Labmed user guide. http:\/\/search.stjames.ie\/Labmed\/. Accessed 18 Jan 2021."},{"key":"514_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.006","volume":"71","author":"PK Whelton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE Jr., Collins KJ, Dennison Himmelfarb C, et al. 2017 ACC\/AHA\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/AGS\/APhA\/ASH\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71:e127\u2013e248.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"514_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.312156","volume":"124","author":"MC Acelajado","year":"2019","unstructured":"Acelajado MC, Hughes ZH, Oparil S, Calhoun DA. Treatment of resistant and refractory hypertension. Circ Res. 2019;124:1061\u201370.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"514_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(87)90087-9","volume":"16","author":"RJ Garrison","year":"1987","unstructured":"Garrison RJ, Kannel WB, Stokes J III, Castelli WP. Incidence and precursors of hypertension in young adults: the Framingham Offspring Study. Prev Med. 1987;16:235\u201351.","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"514_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.305697","volume":"116","author":"JE Hall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hall JE, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Wang Z, Hall ME. Obesity-induced hypertension: interaction of neurohumoral and renal mechanisms. Circ Res. 2015;116:991\u20131006.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"514_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000094221.86888.AE","volume":"42","author":"JE Neter","year":"2003","unstructured":"Neter JE, Stam BE, Kok FJ, Grobbee DE, Geleijnse JM. Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertension 2003;42:878\u201384.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"514_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1108660","volume":"365","author":"LJ Appel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Appel LJ, Clark JM, Yeh H-C, Wang N-Y, Coughlin JW, Daumit G, et al. Comparative effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in clinical practice. N. Engl J Med. 2011;365:1959\u201368.","journal-title":"N. Engl J Med"},{"key":"514_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200101043440101","volume":"344","author":"FM Sacks","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, Appel LJ, Bray GA, Harsha D, et al. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet. N. Engl J Med. 2001;344:3\u201310.","journal-title":"N. Engl J Med"},{"key":"514_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099921","volume":"53","author":"H Naci","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naci H, Salcher-Konrad M, Dias S, Blum MR, Sahoo SA, Nunan D, et al. How does exercise treatment compare with antihypertensive medications? A network meta-analysis of 391 randomised controlled trials assessing exercise and medication effects on systolic blood pressure. Br J Sports Med. 2018;53:859\u201369.","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"514_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.26.6.919","volume":"26","author":"R Fagard","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fagard R, Brguljan J, Staessen J, Thijs L, Derom C, Thomis M, et al. Heritability of conventional and ambulatory blood pressures: a study in twins. Hypertension 1995;26:919\u201324.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"514_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs455","volume":"34","author":"GB Ehret","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ehret GB, Caulfield MJ. Genes for blood pressure: an opportunity to understand hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2013;34:951\u201361.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"514_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx134","volume":"38","author":"TJ Niiranen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Niiranen TJ, McCabe EL, Larson MG, Henglin M, Lakdawala NK, Vasan RS, et al. Risk for hypertension crosses generations in the community: a multi-generational cohort study. Eur Heart J. 2017;38:2300\u20138.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"514_CR25","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management. 2019. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng136."},{"key":"514_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32317-7","volume":"394","author":"MA Suchard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Suchard MA, Schuemie MJ, Krumholz HM, You SC, Chen R, Pratt N, et al. Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line antihypertensive drug classes: a systematic, multinational, large-scale analysis. Lancet. 2019;394:1816\u201326.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"514_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00257-3","volume":"386","author":"B Williams","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williams B, MacDonald TM, Morant S, Webb DJ, Sever P, McInnes G, et al. Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (PATHWAY-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. Lancet. 2015;386:2059\u201368.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"514_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487316675194","volume":"24","author":"S-J Sinnott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sinnott S-J, Tomlinson LA, Root AA, Mathur R, Mansfield KE, Smeeth L, et al. Comparative effectiveness of fourth-line anti-hypertensive agents in resistant hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017;24:228\u201338.","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"514_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1511939","volume":"373","author":"SPRINT Research Group.","year":"2015","unstructured":"SPRINT Research Group. A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control. N. Engl J Med. 2015;373:2103\u201316.","journal-title":"N. Engl J Med"},{"key":"514_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.04.022","volume":"129","author":"FH Messerli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Messerli FH, Bangalore S. Should we SPRINT toward new blood pressure goals or let the dust settle? Am J Med. 2016;129:769\u201370.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"514_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-017-0700-y","volume":"19","author":"SE Kjeldsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kjeldsen SE, Mancia G. The un-observed automated office blood pressure measurement technique used in the SPRINT study points to a standard target office systolic blood pressure <140\u2009mmHg. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2017;19:3.","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"514_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.022536","volume":"134","author":"GL Bakris","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bakris GL. The implications of blood pressure measurement methods on treatment targets for blood pressure. Circulation. 2016;134:904\u20135.","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"514_CR33","unstructured":"The sorry state of Ireland\u2019s patients with high blood pressure 2019. https:\/\/www.irishtimes.com\/life-and-style\/health-family\/the-sorry-state-of-ireland-s-patients-with-high-blood-pressure-1.3983900. Accessed 19 March 2020."},{"key":"514_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-008-0272-6","volume":"178","author":"A Neligan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Neligan A, Kowalski RG, Renganathan R, Spencer J, Sweeney BJ. Suboptimal control of blood pressure at hospital discharge in stroke patients. Ir J Med Sci. 2009;178:239\u201340.","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"514_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487317709116","volume":"24","author":"M van Kleef","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Kleef M, Spiering W. Hypertension: overly important but under-controlled. Eur. J Prev Cardiol. 2017;24:36\u201343.","journal-title":"J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"514_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs481","volume":"34","author":"R Nieuwlaat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nieuwlaat R, Schwalm J-D, Khatib R, Yusuf S. Why are we failing to implement effective therapies in cardiovascular disease? Eur Heart J. 2013;34:1262\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"514_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1717250","volume":"378","author":"RG Victor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Victor RG, Lynch K, Li N, Blyler C, Muhammad E, Handler J, et al. A cluster-randomized trial of blood-pressure reduction in black barbershops. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:1291\u2013301.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"514_CR38","first-page":"443","volume":"12","author":"BM Mearns","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mearns BM. Hypertension: benefit of pharmacists prescribing antihypertensive medication. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2015;12:443.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"514_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/MBP.0000000000000034","volume":"19","author":"K James","year":"2014","unstructured":"James K, Dolan E, O\u2019Brien E. Making ambulatory blood pressure monitoring accessible in pharmacies. Blood Press Monit. 2014;19:134\u20139.","journal-title":"Blood Press Monit"}],"container-title":["Journal of Human Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41371-021-00514-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41371-021-00514-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41371-021-00514-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,18]],"date-time":"2022-03-18T00:22:42Z","timestamp":1647562962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41371-021-00514-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["514"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41371-021-00514-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-9240","1476-5527"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-9240","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5527","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was granted by the Tallaght Hospital Research Ethics Committee.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was sought and provided by all study participants.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}