{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T10:13:54Z","timestamp":1788257634772,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]],"date-time":"2020-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]],"date-time":"2020-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001018","name":"California Health Care Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001018","name":"California Health Care Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001018","name":"California Health Care Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001018","name":"California Health Care Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001018","name":"California Health Care Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20453"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20453"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001018","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"California Health Care Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Assess management of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in California hospitals to identify potential opportunities to expand the use of best practices.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We fielded an internet-based survey of 37 questions to medical directors or nurse managers at 145 birth hospitals in California.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Seventy-five participants (52%) responded. Most respondents reported having at least one written protocol for managing NAS, but gaps included protocols for pharmacologic management. Newer tools for assessing NAS severity were not commonly used. About half reported usually or always using nonpharmacologic strategies; there is scope for increasing breastfeeding when recommended, skin-to-skin care, and rooming-in.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We found systematic gaps in care for infants with NAS in a sample of California birth hospitals, as well as opportunities to spread best practices. Adoption of new approaches will vary across hospitals. A concerted statewide effort to facilitate such implementation has strong potential to increase access to evidence-based treatment for infants and mothers.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-019-0568-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]],"date-time":"2020-01-07T12:02:56Z","timestamp":1578398576000},"page":"463-472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Neonatal abstinence syndrome management in California birth hospitals: results of a statewide survey"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Clemans-Cope","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikhil","family":"Holla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8383-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry C.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison Shufei","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Chyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim\u00e1 Joy","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevieve M.","family":"Kenney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.2150","volume":"170","author":"JD Brown","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brown JD, Doshi PA, Pauly NJ, Talbert JC. Rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome amid efforts to combat the opioid abuse epidemic. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170:1110\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.2150.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"568_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ko JY. Incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome \u2014 28 States, 1999\u20132013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6531a2.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6531a2"},{"key":"568_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1500439","volume":"372","author":"VN Tolia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tolia VN, Patrick SW, Bennett MM, Murthy K, Sousa J, Smith PB, et al. Increasing incidence of the neonatal abstinence syndrome in U.S. neonatal ICUs. N. Engl J Med. 2015;372:2118\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMsa1500439.","journal-title":"N. Engl J Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"568_CR4","first-page":"719","volume":"64","author":"CM Jones","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jones CM, Logan J, Gladden RM, Bohm MK. Vital signs: demographic and substance use trends among heroin users\u2014United States, 2002\u20132013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(26):719\u201325.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"568_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haight SC. Opioid use disorder documented at delivery hospitalization\u2014United States, 1999\u20132014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.mm6731a1.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6731a1"},{"key":"568_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20173520","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-3520","volume":"141","author":"TNA Winkelman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Winkelman TNA, Villapiano N, Kozhimannil KB, Davis MM, Patrick SW. Incidence and costs of neonatal abstinence syndrome among infants with medicaid: 2004\u20132014. Pediatrics. 2018;141:e20173520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2017-3520.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR7","unstructured":"Gangopadhyaya A, Clemans-Cope L, Epstein M. Neonatal abstinence syndrome and maternal access to treatment for opioid use disorder in California Counties. Urban Institute. https:\/\/www.urban.org\/research\/publication\/neonatal-abstinence-syndrome-and-maternal-access-treatment-opioid-use-disorder-california-counties. Accessed 19 Oct 2018."},{"key":"568_CR8","unstructured":"Brown JD, Goodin A, Talbert JC. Rural and appalachian disparities in neonatal abstinence syndrome incidence and access to opioid abuse treatment. J Rural Health. 2017. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28685864. Accessed 15 Aug 2017."},{"key":"568_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2016.10.003","volume":"17","author":"DL Bogen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bogen DL, Whalen BL, Kair LR, Vining M, King BA. Wide variation found in care of opioid-exposed newborns. Acad Pediatr. 2017;17:374\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acap.2016.10.003.","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"568_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2012-0079","volume":"3","author":"A Mehta","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mehta A, Forbes KD, Kuppala VS. Neonatal abstinence syndrome management from prenatal counseling to postdischarge follow-up care: results of a national survey. Hosp Pediatr. 2013;3:317\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/hpeds.2012-0079.","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr"},{"key":"568_CR11","unstructured":"ACOG, ASAM. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 711: Opioid use and opioid use disorder in pregnancy. https:\/\/www.acog.org\/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications\/Committee-Opinions\/Committee-on-Obstetric-Practice\/Opioid-Use-and-Opioid-Use-Disorder-in-Pregnancy. Accessed 15 June 2018."},{"key":"568_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e547","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3524","volume":"134","author":"P Kocherlakota","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kocherlakota P. Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics. 2014;134:e547\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2013-3524.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR13","unstructured":"SAMHSA. Advancing the care of pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder and their infants: a foundation for clinical guidance. 2016. https:\/\/www.regulations.gov\/contentStreamer?documentId=SAMHSA-2016-0002-0001&contentType=pdf."},{"key":"568_CR14","unstructured":"SAMHSA. Clinical guidance for treating pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder and their infants. https:\/\/store.samhsa.gov\/product\/Clinical-Guidance-for-Treating-Pregnant-and-Parenting-Women-With-Opioid-Use-Disorder-and-Their-Infants\/SMA18-5054. Accessed 7 Mar 2018."},{"key":"568_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e540","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3212","volume":"129","author":"ML Hudak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hudak ML, Tan RC. The committee on drugs, the committee on fetus and newborn. neonatal drug withdrawal. Pediatrics. 2012;129:e540\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2011-3212","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e803","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-1141","volume":"136","author":"ES Hall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hall ES, Wexelblatt SL, Crowley M, Grow JL, Jasin LR, Klebanoff MA, et al. Implementation of a Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Weaning Protocol: A Multicenter Cohort Study. Pediatrics. 2015;136:e803\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2015-1141","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0230-8","volume":"38","author":"H Friedman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Friedman H, Parkinson G, Tighiouart H, Parkinson C, Tybor D, Terrin N, et al. Pharmacologic treatment of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome in community hospitals compared to academic medical centers. J Perinatol. 2018;38:1651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41372-018-0230-8.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"568_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.2640","volume":"319","author":"EM Wachman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wachman EM, Schiff DM, Silverstein M. Neonatal abstinence syndrome: advances in diagnosis and treatment. JAMA. 2018;319:1362\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2018.2640.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"568_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2011.01330.x","volume":"4","author":"UA Pritham","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pritham UA, Paul JA, Hayes MJ. Opioid dependency in pregnancy and length of stay for neonatal abstinence syndrome. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2012;42:180\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2011.01330.x.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"568_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2016.0084","volume":"11","author":"VL Short","year":"2016","unstructured":"Short VL, Gannon M, Abatemarco DJ. The association between breastfeeding and length of hospital stay among infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome: a population-based study of in-hospital births. Breastfeed Med. 2016;11:343\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/bfm.2016.0084.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"568_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.5195","volume":"172","author":"KDL MacMillan","year":"2018","unstructured":"MacMillan KDL, Rendon CP, Verma K, Riblet N, Washer DB, Volpe Holmes A. Association of rooming-in with outcomes for neonatal abstinence syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2018;172(4):345\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.5195.","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"568_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000455","volume":"13","author":"AL Lembeck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lembeck AL, Tuttle D, Locke R, Lawler L, Jimenez P, Mackley A, et al. Outcome differences in neonates exposed in-utero to opioids managed in the NICU versus pediatric floor. J Addict Med. 2019;13(1):75\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000455.","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"key":"568_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Grossman MR, Berkwitt AK, Osborn RR, Xu Y, Esserman DA, Shapiro ED, et al. An initiative to improve the quality of care of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics. 2017:e20163360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2016-3360.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3360"},{"key":"568_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2929","volume":"137","author":"AV Holmes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Holmes AV, Atwood EC, Whalen B, Beliveau J, Jarvis JD, Matulis JC. et al. Rooming-in to treat neonatal abstinence syndrome: improved family-centered care at lower cost. Pediatrics. 2016;137:e20152929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2015-2929.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000589","volume":"30","author":"LA Sanlorenzo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sanlorenzo LA, Stark AR, Patrick SW. Neonatal abstinence syndrome: an update. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2018;30:182\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000589.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"568_CR26","unstructured":"Grossman M. Reconsidering the standard approach to neonatal abstinence syndrome. California Health Care Foundation. https:\/\/www.chcf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/MatthewGrossmanNeonatalAbstinenceSyndrome.pdf. Accessed 21 Mar 2019."},{"key":"568_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000165","volume":"15","author":"L Marcellus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marcellus L, Loutit T, Cross S. A national survey of the nursing care of infants with prenatal substance exposure in Canadian NICUs. Adv Neonatal Care. 2015;15:336\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000165.","journal-title":"Adv Neonatal Care"},{"key":"568_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000371","volume":"17","author":"A-M Boucher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boucher A-M. Nonopioid management of neonatal abstinence syndrome. Adv Neonatal Care. 2017;17:84\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000371.","journal-title":"Adv Neonatal Care"},{"key":"568_CR29","unstructured":"NeoQIC, MPQC. Improving the care of opioid-exposed newborns and their families: a PNQIN initiative. The Neonatal Quality Improvement Collaborative of Massachusetts. https:\/\/www.neoqicma.org\/substance-exposed-newborns. Accessed 8 Jan 2018."},{"key":"568_CR30","unstructured":"Qualtrics. Provo, Utah. https:\/\/www.qualtrics.com. Accessed 22 Oct 2018."},{"key":"568_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.2307\/2685779","volume":"54","author":"A Agresti","year":"2000","unstructured":"Agresti A, Caffo B. Simple and effective confidence intervals for proportions and differences of proportions result from adding two successes and two failures. Am Stat. 2000;54:280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2685779.","journal-title":"Am Stat"},{"key":"568_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e527","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-4036","volume":"134","author":"ES Hall","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hall ES, Wexelblatt SL, Crowley M, Grow JL, Jasin LR, Klebanoff MA, et al. A multicenter cohort study of treatments and hospital outcomes in neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics. 2014;134:e527\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2013-4036.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2017-0128","volume":"8","author":"MR Grossman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grossman MR, Lipshaw MJ, Osborn RR, Berkwitt AK. A novel approach to assessing infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome. Hosp Pediatr. 2018;8:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/hpeds.2017-0128.","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr"},{"key":"568_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Horbar JD, Buus-Frank ME, Edwards EM, Morrow KA, et al. Improving care for neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics. 2016;137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2015-3835.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3835"},{"key":"568_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Walsh MC, Crowley M, Wexelblatt S, Ford S, Kuhnell P, Kaplan HC, et al. Ohio perinatal quality collaborative improves care of neonatal narcotic abstinence syndrome. Pediatrics. 2018;141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2017-0900.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-0900"},{"key":"568_CR36","unstructured":"CA DHCS. California Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) Expansion Project. https:\/\/www.dhcs.ca.gov\/individuals\/Pages\/MAT-Expansion-Project-.aspx. Accessed 29 Mar 29, 2019."},{"key":"568_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e827","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3552","volume":"129","author":"AAP.","year":"2012","unstructured":"AAP. Policy statement: breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2012;129:e827\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2011-3552.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20181889","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-1889","volume":"142","author":"SA Ryan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ryan SA, Ammerman SD, O\u2019Connor ME. Committee on Substance Use and Prevention and Section on Breastfeeding. Marijuana use during pregnancy and breastfeeding: implications for neonatal and childhood outcomes. Pediatrics. 2018;142:e20181889. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2018-1889.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"568_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2015.9992","volume":"10","author":"S Reece-Stremtan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Reece-Stremtan S, Marinelli KA. The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine. ABM Clinical Protocol #21: Guidelines for Breastfeeding and Substance Use or Substance Use Disorder, Revised 2015. Breastfeed Med. 2015;10:135\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/bfm.2015.9992.","journal-title":"Breastfeed Med"},{"key":"568_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu D, Carre C. The impact of breastfeeding on health outcomes for infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome: a review. Cureus. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6211775\/. Accessed 29 Mar 2019.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.3061"},{"key":"568_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.930","volume":"103","author":"WK Kraft","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kraft WK. Buprenorphine in neonatal abstinence syndrome. Clin Pharm Ther. 2018;103:112\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpt.930.","journal-title":"Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"568_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tolia VN, Murthy K, Bennett MM, Greenberg RG, Benjamin DK, Smith PB, et al. Morphine vs methadone treatment for infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome. J Pediatr. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.07.061.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.07.061"},{"key":"568_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2018.01.013","volume":"45","author":"VV Pai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pai VV, Lee HC, Profit J. Improving uptake of key perinatal interventions using statewide quality collaboratives. Clin Perinatol. 2018;45:165\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clp.2018.01.013.","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"568_CR44","unstructured":"ACOG. Clinical guidelines and standardization of practice to improve outcomes; 2015. https:\/\/www.acog.org\/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications\/Committee-Opinions\/Committee-on-Patient-Safety-and-Quality-Improvement\/Clinical-Guidelines-and-Standardization-of-Practice-to-Improve-Outcomes. Accessed 22 Oct 2018."}],"container-title":["Journal of Perinatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41372-019-0568-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41372-019-0568-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41372-019-0568-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T21:29:55Z","timestamp":1684618195000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41372-019-0568-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41372-019-0568-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0743-8346","1476-5543"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0743-8346","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5543","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 November 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}