{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T07:42:00Z","timestamp":1792827720458,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To identify clinical variables and indicators associated with pulmonary hemorrhage in preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This case-control study included inborn infants &lt;32 weeks. Data were collected in 12-h epochs from birth until hemorrhage onset or up to 72\u2009h for controls. Machine learning used the Random Forest algorithm. Statistical analysis included <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> test and Mann\u2013Whitney U test.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Among 1133 screened infants, 35 had hemorrhage. Mean gestational age was 25.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6 weeks, birth weight 753\u2009\u00b1\u2009224\u2009g, and median onset of hemorrhage was 44.5\u2009h. Affected infants more often required chest compressions and invasive ventilation. Machine learning (accuracy\u2009=\u200983%, AUC\u2009=\u200990%) identified repeated surfactant dosing and postnatal hypotension in the first 12\u2009h of life as top predictors, along with maternal and gestational age. Mortality was higher in cases than controls (19% vs. 3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Repeated surfactant dosing and early postnatal hypotension are key predictors for pulmonary hemorrhage in preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-025-02390-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T15:35:05Z","timestamp":1755704105000},"page":"1403-1410","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Leveraging artificial intelligence for prediction of pulmonary hemorrhage in preterm infants"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7395-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hany","family":"Aly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanishree","family":"Nandakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Cetin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9934-3887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hatem","family":"Eltaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetyana","family":"Nesterenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2390_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-024-01971-x","volume":"44","author":"RI Clyman","year":"2024","unstructured":"Clyman RI, Hills NK. Prophylactic indomethacin and the risk of serious pulmonary hemorrhages in preterm infants less than 28 weeks\u2019 gestation. J Perinatol. 2024;44:1470\u20137.","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"2390_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13071270","volume":"13","author":"F Del Duca","year":"2023","unstructured":"Del Duca F, Maiese A, Spina F, Visi G, La Russa R, Santoro P, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage in infancy: a case report and literature review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023;13:1270.","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"2390_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patrinos ME, Martin RJ. Pulmonary hemorrhage, transient tachypnea, and neonatal pneumonia. 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All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}