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Detected concentrations were evaluated for clinical significance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All 150 PDHM samples tested negative for residues of marijuana, amphetamines, benzodiazepines, fentanyl, hydrocodone, and morphine. Three samples (2%) contained trace amounts of oxycodone (&lt;0.6 parts per billion), yielding exposures over 455 times lower than established standards for infant safety (Relative Infant Dose: &lt;0.022%; standard safety threshold 10%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comprehensive analysis detected no clinically relevant illicit or prescription drug residues in infant-ready pasteurized donor human milk, supporting both its safety for neonatal consumption and the effectiveness of current donor screening protocols and milk processing practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-025-02443-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T10:35:15Z","timestamp":1760006115000},"page":"536-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Quantification of illicit and prescription drug residues in pasteurized donor human milk: a comprehensive analytical approach"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9687-4799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Brenner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaytlin","family":"Krutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashlynn","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6959-3487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhavalkumar","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Palika","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2443_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.07.008","volume":"89","author":"E Bertino","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bertino E, Giuliani F, Baricco M, Di Nicola P, Peila C, Vassia C, et al. 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AB is the Director of The King\u2019s Daughters Milk Bank and declares no competing financial interests in relation to this work. K Krutsch is the Director of the InfantRisk Center of Excellence at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and declares no competing financial interests in relation to this work. She authors Hale\u2019s Medications and Mothers\u2019 Milk, MommyMeds, and InfantRisk HCP. DP declares no competing financial interests in relation to this work. PD declares no competing financial interests in relation to this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and Human Subjects\u2019 Protections at Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University (IRB#: 22-11-FB-0225), performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Milk donors were consented to participate during the initial donation process.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}