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Fetuses with the combination of placental and genetic abnormalities had smaller brain volumes compared to fetuses without either abnormality for total brain, subcortical gray matter, brainstem, and cerebellum, with a significant interaction (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) between placental and genetic abnormalities for intracranial and subcortical gray matter volumes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Smaller brain volumes for CHD fetuses with placental and genetic abnormalities may suggest common genetic pathways affect placental, heart, and brain development, or that genetic abnormalities heighten vulnerability when placental changes occur.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-026-02601-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:19:17Z","timestamp":1773389957000},"page":"1155-1163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Brain volumes in fetuses with congenital heart disease and placental vascular abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2725-681X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin A.","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wypij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Rofeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Chamseddine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clemente","family":"Velasco-Annis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaylin","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaysi","family":"Herrera Pujols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7816-2646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah U.","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Litwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6880-6372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nankee","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karem","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Wilkins-Haug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane W.","family":"Newburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony O.","family":"Odibo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Gholipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua S.","family":"Shimony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin K.","family":"Rollins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0851-0796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia M.","family":"Ortinau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2601_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e997","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001211","volume":"149","author":"E Sood","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sood E, Newburger JW, Anixt JS, Cassidy AR, Jackson JL, Jonas RA, et al. 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