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Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), secreted by leukemia cells, facilitates tumor progression via remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the BMM. Hypothesizing that leukemias may instruct the BMM to degrade the ECM, we show, that MMP-9-deficiency in the BMM prolongs survival of mice with BCR-ABL1-induced B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) compared with controls and reduces leukemia-initiating cells. MMP-9-deficiency in the BMM leads to reduced degradation of proteins of the ECM and reduced invasion of B-ALL. Using various in vivo and in vitro assays, as well as recipient mice deficient for the receptor for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) \u03b1 (TNFR1) we demonstrate that B-ALL cells induce MMP-9-expression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and possibly other cells of the BMM via a release of TNF\u03b1. MMP-9-expression in MSC is mediated by activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\u03baB) downstream of TNFR1. Consistently, knockdown of TNF-\u03b1 in B-ALL-initiating cells or pharmacological inhibition of MMP-9 led to significant prolongation of survival in mice with B-ALL. In summary, leukemia cell-derived\n                    <jats:italic>Tnf<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b1 induced MMP-9-expression by the BMM promoting B-ALL progression. Inhibition of MMP-9 may act as an adjunct to existing therapies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-019-0674-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T08:02:44Z","timestamp":1578556964000},"page":"1540-1552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Bone marrow niche-derived extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes influence the progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2214-9450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divij","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Costanza","family":"Zanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parimala Sonika","family":"Godavarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina R.","family":"Minciacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Pfeiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Metzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Lefort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1556-068X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Maguer-Satta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck E.","family":"Nicolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Burroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5492-6349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela","family":"Fontenay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3603-1119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela S.","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"674_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3364","volume":"19","author":"DS Krause","year":"2013","unstructured":"Krause DS, Fulzele K, Catic A, Sun CC, Dombkowski D, Hurley MP, et al. 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